{"id":5,"date":"2015-01-28T17:41:57","date_gmt":"2015-01-28T17:41:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/chapter\/chapter-1\/"},"modified":"2015-08-07T22:04:59","modified_gmt":"2015-08-07T22:04:59","slug":"chapter-1","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/chapter\/chapter-1\/","title":{"raw":"The Most Amazing Structure on Earth","rendered":"The Most Amazing Structure on Earth"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-highlight\">\r\n<h3 itemprop=\"educationalUse\">Learning\u00a0Goals<\/h3>\r\nIn this chapter, you will learn to:\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Use pre-reading strategies<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Use visualization\u00a0to check your understanding while you read<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Build\u00a0your vocabulary<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Understand the main ideas, sequence, and details of a text<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Spell words with the suffix -ture<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Use periods, question marks, and exclamation marks correctly<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Identify the subject in a simple sentence<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Understand the TOWER method of writing<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Organize a paragraph<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_249\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/05\/brain-744180_1280.jpg\"><img src=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/05\/brain-744180_1280-300x217.jpg\" alt=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/brain-mind-mindset-mindfulness-744180\/\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-249\" height=\"217\" width=\"300\" \/><\/a> Human brain[\/caption]\r\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Get Ready to Read<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000\">Readers use titles, pictures, and their own knowledge to predict what will be in a text. A good place to begin is to figure out the topic.\u00a0The\u00a0<strong>topic<\/strong>\u00a0of a text is the person or thing that the text is written about. To find the topic, start by looking at the title of the text. Usually, the topic is in the title, but this strategy doesn't always work. The title <em>The Most Amazing Structure on Earth<\/em> doesn't tell us exactly what the most amazing structure on Earth is. Another way to find the topic is to look for words that get repeated, especially in the first sentence of each paragraph.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">Think about these questions or discuss them with a partner.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Look quickly at the first reading. What do you think the \u201cmost amazing structure on Earth\u201d is, according to the text?<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Without looking at the text, try to answer this question: Do scientists say there were always humans on Earth? What does science say about how we got here?<\/li>\r\n\t<li>In your opinion, what can a human brain do that makes it so special?<\/li>\r\n\t<li>What do you think is smarter: your brain or the best computer in the world? Why?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Reading Strategy<\/span><\/h1>\r\nReaders check their understanding of a text while they read. In this book, you will practice strategies for checking whether you are really thinking about the words on a page. One strategy is to stop after each paragraph and ask yourself: Can I picture what the text is describing, like a movie playing in my mind? If you can\u2019t picture it, then go back and try to visualize as you re-read the paragraph. If you like to draw, you can even doodle the pictures you see in your mind in the space beside the paragraph.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000\">Try this strategy as you read <em><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealfreader5\/chapter\/chapter-1\/\">The Most Amazing Structure on Earth<\/a><\/em>.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_79\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/head-674132_1280.jpg\"><img src=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/head-674132_1280-300x212.jpg\" alt=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/head-think-slide-strips-film-674132\/\" class=\"wp-image-79 size-medium\" height=\"212\" width=\"300\" \/><\/a> Visualizing text[\/caption]\r\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Vocabulary<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">Find these words in the text. Use the context to choose\u00a0the best meaning.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<table style=\"height: 62px\" width=\"712\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">complex<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">structure<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">wormlike<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">creature<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">nerves<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">capable<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">process<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">supercomputer<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">million<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">billion<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">trillion<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">1. A large and very fast computer is called a ______________________________.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">2. ______________________________\u00a0carry messages between your brain and your body.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">3. ______________________________ means able to do something.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">4. An animal of any type could be called a\u00a0______________________________.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">5. \u00a0______________________________ describes something that has many parts that go together in complicated ways.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">6. A long, thin animal with a soft body and no arms or legs could be described as\u00a0__________________________.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">7. A ______________________________ is something that is built by putting parts together.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">8. The number 1,000,000 is called one\u00a0______________________________.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">9. The number 1,000,000,000 is called one\u00a0______________________________.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">10. The number 1,000,000,000,000 is called one\u00a0______________________________.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">11. ______________________________ means to take in something like information and use it.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Check your work with the Answer Key at the end of this chapter.<\/span><\/div>\r\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Check Your Understanding<\/span><\/h1>\r\nThe\u00a0<strong>main idea<\/strong>\u00a0of a text is the point the writer is making about the topic. A text is usually written for one main purpose:\r\n<table width=\"592\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Purpose<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>Example<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>To describe something<\/td>\r\n<td>What do your grandfather's chocolate chip cookies taste like?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>To explain how to do something<\/td>\r\n<td>How do you send an email?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>To tell a story<\/td>\r\n<td>What\u2019s the story about why some people call this land Turtle Island?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>To compare different things<\/td>\r\n<td>Do you prefer\u00a0skiing or snowboarding?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>To explain the advantages or disadvantages of something<\/td>\r\n<td>What are the disadvantages of credit cards?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>To summarize something<\/td>\r\n<td>What does the TV program guide say this show is about?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nWe can figure out the main idea of a text by looking for the point of each paragraph.\r\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">1. The text has four paragraphs. Find the paragraph that matches each of the main ideas below.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">a. Scientists don\u2019t know everything about the brain, but what they have learned so far can help us in daily life.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">b. The cerebral cortex, which has four parts, is the part of our brain that makes us so smart.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">c. The brain has cells called neurons that are faster than any computer. Neurons send and receive information throughout the body, allowing us to think, remember, feel, and move.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">d. A creature slowly developed into a human over millions of years.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">2. Put these events in the correct sequence. Sequence refers to the order that things happen in.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">a. The creature grew a spinal cord.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">b. The creature became a fish.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">c. The creature became a human.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">d. The creature was like a worm.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">e. The creature became a monkey.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">f. The creature grew arms and legs.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_80\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/evolution-296400_1280.png\"><img src=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/evolution-296400_1280-300x204.png\" alt=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/evolution-monkey-man-transition-296400\/\" class=\"wp-image-80 size-medium\" height=\"204\" width=\"300\" \/><\/a> Human evolution[\/caption]\r\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">3. Are these details true or false?<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">a. The smartest part of our brain is its surface.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">b. The front lobe of our brain processes images from the eyes.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">c. The cerebral cortex has six parts.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">d.\u00a0Adults have about the same number of neurons as when they were babies, but now there are more connections between the neurons.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">e. Computers are smarter than mice.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">4. Fill in the blanks.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">a. Our brains took about ____________________ million years to develop.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">b. The four parts of the cerebral cortex are called ____________________.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">c. The world\u2019s best supercomputer is only about as fast as a ____________________ brain.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">d. ____________________ is a word for a type of brain cell.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">e. Information from the brain to the body travels along the ____________________.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Check your work with the Answer Key at the end of this chapter.<\/span><\/div>\r\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">5.\u00a0In your opinion, is the human brain the most amazing structure on Earth? Why or why not?<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Ask your instructor to check your work.<\/span><\/div>\r\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Spelling<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">A suffix is the end part of a word. Study these words ending in -ture. Arrange a date to be tested on your ability to spell these words. <\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<table style=\"height: 32px\" width=\"624\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"border-color: #003366\">\r\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #003366\">\n\nstructure\r\n\r\ncreature\r\n\r\nmixture\r\n\r\nnature\r\n\r\nfuture<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #003366\">\n\nculture\r\n\r\nsignature\r\n\r\nadventure\r\n\r\ndeparture\r\n\r\nfurniture<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">One way to learn to spell a new word is to break it into syllables. Try it. Remember that -ture is its own syllable.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">1. structure = ____________________________________________<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">2. creature = _____________________________________________<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">3. mixture = _____________________________________________<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">4. nature = _____________________________________________<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">5. future = _____________________________________________<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">6. culture = _____________________________________________<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">7. signature = _____________________________________________<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">8. adventure = ____________________________________________<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">9. departure = _____________________________________________<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">10. furniture = _____________________________________________<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Check your work with the Answer Key at the end of this chapter.<\/span><\/div>\r\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">End Punctuation<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<strong>Punctuation<\/strong> refers to the marks we use in sentences to make our meaning clear. Punctuation marks that come at the end of sentences are called <strong>end punctuation<\/strong>.\r\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-success\">\r\n<h3 itemprop=\"educationalUse\">Grammar Rule<\/h3>\r\nThere are three kinds of end punctuation:\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><strong>The period.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">The period is used at the end of a statement.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Example: People used to think of the brain as useless stuffing.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><strong>The exclamation point!<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">The exclamation point is used at the end of a word, phrase, or statement to express strong feeling, like happiness, anger, or surprise.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Example: Your brain is so complex that it took about 700 million years to develop!<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><strong>The question mark?<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">The question mark is used at the end of any sentence that asks a question. Questions often begin with \"who,\" \"what,\" \"where,\" \"when,\" \"why,\" or \"how.\"<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Example: What do you think is more powerful: your brain or a supercomputer?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">Fill in all the periods, exclamation marks, and question marks needed in these sentences.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">1. How big is your brain It is about the same size as\u00a0your two fists pushed together<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">2. Wow You could fit 30,000 neurons on the head of a pin<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">3. Did you know the brain contains enough energy to power a light bulb<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">4. The outer part of the brain is a yellowish-grey colour<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">5. One neuron can have up to 10,000 connections Who knew<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">6. No way An American chicken named Mike survived for 18 months after his head was cut off and a small part of his brain was left behind<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">7. Our noses can detect between 4,000 and 10,000 smells<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">8. We spend one-third of our lives asleep That\u2019s a lot of sleep<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Check your work with the Answer Key at the end of this chapter.<\/span><\/div>\r\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Simple Sentences: Identifying the Subject<\/span><\/h1>\r\nOne way to improve your writing is to use a variety of sentences. In this book, you will learn to write three sentence types: simple sentences, compound sentences, and complex sentences. A <strong>simple sentence<\/strong> is a complete sentence if it has:\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>a subject<\/li>\r\n\t<li>a verb<\/li>\r\n\t<li>a complete thought<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-success\">\r\n<h3 itemprop=\"educationalUse\">Grammar Rule<\/h3>\r\nThe <strong>subject<\/strong> of a sentence is the person or thing\u00a0doing the action.\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>The subject can be a person:<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Example: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Marie Curie<\/span> won two Nobel Prizes.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>The subject can be a place:<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Example: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Empress Hotel<\/span> serves 500,000 cups of tea every year.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>The subject can be a thing:<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Example: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The skull<\/span> protects the brain.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">Look at these simple sentences. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Underline the subjects.<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">1. You sleep for about 30% of your life.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">2. Monks train their minds to focus on one thing for long periods of time.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">3. Bill Reid created brilliant art.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">4. The College of New Caledonia opened in 1969.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">5. Denmark provides free a college and university education to the people who live there.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">6. Lucknow, India, is home to the biggest school in the world.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">7. Chess gives your brain a good workout.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">8. The spinal cord acts like an information highway between the brain and the rest of the body.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Check your work with the Answer Key at the end of this chapter.<\/span><\/div>\r\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Writing<\/span><\/h1>\r\nDuring your time as a student, you will likely be asked to write many kinds of paragraphs. In this book, you will learn how to write paragraphs that describe things, explain how to do things, tell a story, or give an opinion. No matter what kind of writing task you are working on, there is a strategy you can use to stay on track. It\u2019s called TOWER. The letters in TOWER stand for Think, Organize, Write, Edit, and Rewrite.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_82\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"150\"]<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/eiffel-tower-274200_1280.jpg\"><img src=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/eiffel-tower-274200_1280-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"eiffel-tower-274200_1280\" class=\"wp-image-82 size-thumbnail\" height=\"150\" width=\"150\" \/><\/a> Eiffel Tower[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Think<\/strong>: Think about what the assignment is asking you to do. Brainstorm all the ideas that come to mind. Write each one down, even if you probably won\u2019t use it. Bad ideas are the soil in which good ideas grow! Don\u2019t worry about spelling or writing in complete sentences.\r\n\r\n<strong>Organize<\/strong>: Choose your best ideas. Decide what order they should go in.\r\n\r\n<strong>Write<\/strong>: Do a first draft of your paragraph. Don\u2019t worry too much about spelling and grammar. Just get your ideas down in a way that makes sense. Make sure to begin with a topic sentence to introduce the main idea of your paragraph. Add your details in the right order. Finish with a concluding sentence that reminds the reader of the main idea. At this point, you may want to put your draft aside so you can look at it with fresh eyes later.\r\n\r\n<strong>Edit<\/strong>: Use a different colour to make edits to your writing. Check to see how it sounds when you read it out loud. Is the meaning clear? Are there any details that are missing or off topic? Should you use different sentence types to make it flow more smoothly? Are there any words that you want to change to make your writing more alive? Are all your sentences complete? Do you need to check the spelling of any words in a dictionary?\r\n\r\n<strong>Rewrite<\/strong>: Write a final copy of your paragraph that includes all your edits. You may wish to type it on a computer. Finally, hand it in to your instructor.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-info\">\r\n<h3 itemprop=\"educationalUse\">Writing Task<\/h3>\r\nThe sentences below make up an opinion paragraph, but their order is mixed up. Decide what order the ideas belong in. Then rewrite the sentences to create a well-organized paragraph.\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 Second, it can hold a huge amount of information.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 A signal in your brain can travel at speeds of 241 km\/hour.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 First, it\u2019s extremely fast.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 In conclusion, while Earth is full of wonders, these facts prove that nothing can compete with the human brain.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022\u00a0The brain can hold about 1,000 times more information than Apple's\u00a0best desktop computer.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 The human brain is the most amazing structure on Earth.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 Third, it is capable of a wide variety of skills.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 What other structure on Earth is capable of scientific discovery, intense emotions, ethical decision-making, planning for the future, creating art, and inventing all kinds of tools for making life easier?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Check your work with the Answer Key at the end of this chapter.<\/span><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\r\n<h2>Answer Key<\/h2>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Vocabulary<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>QUESTION<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>ANSWER<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>supercomputer<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>2<\/td>\r\n<td>nerves<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>3<\/td>\r\n<td>capable<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4<\/td>\r\n<td>creature<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>5<\/td>\r\n<td>complex<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>6<\/td>\r\n<td>wormlike<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>7<\/td>\r\n<td>structure<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>8<\/td>\r\n<td>million<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>9<\/td>\r\n<td>billion<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>10<\/td>\r\n<td>trillion<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>11<\/td>\r\n<td>process<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Check Your Understanding<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>QUESTION<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>ANSWER<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1a<\/td>\r\n<td>paragraph 4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1b<\/td>\r\n<td>paragraph 2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1c<\/td>\r\n<td>paragraph 3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1d<\/td>\r\n<td>paragraph 1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>2<\/td>\r\n<td>d, a, b, f, e, c<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>3a<\/td>\r\n<td>true<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>3b<\/td>\r\n<td>false<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>3c<\/td>\r\n<td>false<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>3d<\/td>\r\n<td>true<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>3e<\/td>\r\n<td>false<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4a<\/td>\r\n<td>700<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4b<\/td>\r\n<td>lobes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4c<\/td>\r\n<td>mouse<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4d<\/td>\r\n<td>neuron<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4e<\/td>\r\n<td>spinal cord<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>5<\/td>\r\n<td>As with any opinion question, answers will vary.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Spelling \u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>QUESTION<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>ANSWER<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>struc-ture<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>2<\/td>\r\n<td>crea-ture<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>3<\/td>\r\n<td>mix-ture<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4<\/td>\r\n<td>na-ture<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>5<\/td>\r\n<td>fu-ture<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>6<\/td>\r\n<td>cul-ture<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>7<\/td>\r\n<td>sig-na-ture<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>8<\/td>\r\n<td>ad-ven-ture<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>9<\/td>\r\n<td>de-par-ture<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>10<\/td>\r\n<td>fur-ni-ture<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>End Punctuation<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>QUESTION<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>ANSWER<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>How big is your brain? It is about the same size as\u00a0your two fists pushed together.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>2<\/td>\r\n<td>Wow! You could fit 30,000 neurons on the head of a pin.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>3<\/td>\r\n<td>Did you know the brain contains enough energy to power a light bulb?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4<\/td>\r\n<td>The outer part of the brain is a yellowish-grey colour.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>5<\/td>\r\n<td>One neuron can have up to 10,000 connections. <em>or<\/em> One neuron can have up to 10,000 connections! Who knew?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>6<\/td>\r\n<td>No way! An American chicken named Mike survived for 18 months after his head was cut off and a small part of his brain was left behind.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>7<\/td>\r\n<td>Our noses can detect between 4,000 and 10,000 smells. <em>or<\/em> Our noses can detect between 4,000 and 10,000 smells!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>8<\/td>\r\n<td>We spend one-third of our lives asleep. That\u2019s a lot of sleep!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Simple Sentences: Identifying the Subject<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>\u00a0QUESTION<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>ANSWER<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">You<\/span> sleep for about 30% of your life.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>2<\/td>\r\n<td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Monks<\/span> train their minds to focus on one thing for long periods of time.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>3<\/td>\r\n<td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Bill Reid<\/span> created brilliant art.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4<\/td>\r\n<td>The <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">College of New Caledonia<\/span> opened in 1969.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>5<\/td>\r\n<td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Denmark<\/span> provides free college and university education to the people who live there.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>6<\/td>\r\n<td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Lucknow, India<\/span>, is home to the biggest school in the world.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>7<\/td>\r\n<td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Chess<\/span> gives your brain a good workout.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>8<\/td>\r\n<td>The spinal cord acts like an information highway between the brain and the rest of the body.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Writing<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\">The human brain is the most amazing structure on Earth.\u00a0First, it\u2019s extremely fast.\u00a0A signal in your brain can travel at speeds of 241 km\/hour.\u00a0Second, it can hold a huge amount of information. The brain can hold about 1,000 times more information than\u00a0Apple's\u00a0best desktop computer.\u00a0Third, it is capable of a wide variety of skills.\u00a0What other structure on Earth is capable of scientific discovery, intense emotions, ethical decision-making, planning for the future, creating art, and inventing all kinds of tools for making life easier?\u00a0In conclusion, while Earth is full of wonders, these facts prove that nothing can compete with the human brain.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Attributions\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/brain-mind-mindset-mindfulness-744180\/\"><\/a><\/h2>\r\n<strong>Human brain<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/brain-mind-mindset-mindfulness-744180\/\">\r\nImage<\/a> by\u00a0<a class=\"hover_opacity\" href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/users\/johnhain-352999\/\">johnhain<\/a>\u00a0is in the <a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/service\/terms\/#download_terms\">public domain<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<strong>Visualizing text<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/head-think-slide-strips-film-674132\/\">\r\nImage<\/a> by\u00a0<a class=\"hover_opacity\" href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/users\/geralt-9301\/\">geralt<\/a>\u00a0is in the <a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/service\/terms\/#download_terms\">public domain<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<strong>Human evolution<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/evolution-monkey-man-transition-296400\/\">\r\nImage<\/a> by\u00a0<a class=\"hover_opacity\" href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/users\/ClkerFreeVectorImages-3736\/\">ClkerFreeVectorImages<\/a>\u00a0is in the <a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/service\/terms\/#download_terms\">public domain<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<strong>Eiffel Tower<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/eiffel-tower-paris-france-tower-274200\/\">\r\nImage<\/a> by\u00a0<a class=\"hover_opacity\" href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/users\/Gaertringen-168960\/\">Gaertringen<\/a>\u00a0is in the <a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/service\/terms\/#download_terms\">public domain<\/a>.","rendered":"<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-highlight\">\n<h3 itemprop=\"educationalUse\">Learning\u00a0Goals<\/h3>\n<p>In this chapter, you will learn to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Use pre-reading strategies<\/li>\n<li>Use visualization\u00a0to check your understanding while you read<\/li>\n<li>Build\u00a0your vocabulary<\/li>\n<li>Understand the main ideas, sequence, and details of a text<\/li>\n<li>Spell words with the suffix -ture<\/li>\n<li>Use periods, question marks, and exclamation marks correctly<\/li>\n<li>Identify the subject in a simple sentence<\/li>\n<li>Understand the TOWER method of writing<\/li>\n<li>Organize a paragraph<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_249\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-249\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/05\/brain-744180_1280.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/05\/brain-744180_1280-300x217.jpg\" alt=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/brain-mind-mindset-mindfulness-744180\/\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-249\" height=\"217\" width=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/05\/brain-744180_1280-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/05\/brain-744180_1280-1024x742.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/05\/brain-744180_1280-65x47.jpg 65w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/05\/brain-744180_1280-225x163.jpg 225w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/05\/brain-744180_1280-350x253.jpg 350w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/05\/brain-744180_1280.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-249\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Human brain<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Get Ready to Read<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Readers use titles, pictures, and their own knowledge to predict what will be in a text. A good place to begin is to figure out the topic.\u00a0The\u00a0<strong>topic<\/strong>\u00a0of a text is the person or thing that the text is written about. To find the topic, start by looking at the title of the text. Usually, the topic is in the title, but this strategy doesn&#8217;t always work. The title <em>The Most Amazing Structure on Earth<\/em> doesn&#8217;t tell us exactly what the most amazing structure on Earth is. Another way to find the topic is to look for words that get repeated, especially in the first sentence of each paragraph.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">Think about these questions or discuss them with a partner.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Look quickly at the first reading. What do you think the \u201cmost amazing structure on Earth\u201d is, according to the text?<\/li>\n<li>Without looking at the text, try to answer this question: Do scientists say there were always humans on Earth? What does science say about how we got here?<\/li>\n<li>In your opinion, what can a human brain do that makes it so special?<\/li>\n<li>What do you think is smarter: your brain or the best computer in the world? Why?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Reading Strategy<\/span><\/h1>\n<p>Readers check their understanding of a text while they read. In this book, you will practice strategies for checking whether you are really thinking about the words on a page. One strategy is to stop after each paragraph and ask yourself: Can I picture what the text is describing, like a movie playing in my mind? If you can\u2019t picture it, then go back and try to visualize as you re-read the paragraph. If you like to draw, you can even doodle the pictures you see in your mind in the space beside the paragraph.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Try this strategy as you read <em><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealfreader5\/chapter\/chapter-1\/\">The Most Amazing Structure on Earth<\/a><\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-79\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/head-674132_1280.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/head-674132_1280-300x212.jpg\" alt=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/head-think-slide-strips-film-674132\/\" class=\"wp-image-79 size-medium\" height=\"212\" width=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/head-674132_1280-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/head-674132_1280-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/head-674132_1280-65x46.jpg 65w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/head-674132_1280-225x159.jpg 225w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/head-674132_1280-350x247.jpg 350w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/head-674132_1280.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-79\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visualizing text<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Vocabulary<\/span><\/h1>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">Find these words in the text. Use the context to choose\u00a0the best meaning.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<table style=\"height: 62px; width: 712px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">complex<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">structure<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">wormlike<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">creature<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">nerves<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">capable<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">process<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">supercomputer<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">million<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">billion<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">trillion<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">1. A large and very fast computer is called a ______________________________.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">2. ______________________________\u00a0carry messages between your brain and your body.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">3. ______________________________ means able to do something.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">4. An animal of any type could be called a\u00a0______________________________.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">5. \u00a0______________________________ describes something that has many parts that go together in complicated ways.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">6. A long, thin animal with a soft body and no arms or legs could be described as\u00a0__________________________.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">7. A ______________________________ is something that is built by putting parts together.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">8. The number 1,000,000 is called one\u00a0______________________________.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">9. The number 1,000,000,000 is called one\u00a0______________________________.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">10. The number 1,000,000,000,000 is called one\u00a0______________________________.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">11. ______________________________ means to take in something like information and use it.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Check your work with the Answer Key at the end of this chapter.<\/span><\/div>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Check Your Understanding<\/span><\/h1>\n<p>The\u00a0<strong>main idea<\/strong>\u00a0of a text is the point the writer is making about the topic. A text is usually written for one main purpose:<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 592px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Purpose<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Example<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>To describe something<\/td>\n<td>What do your grandfather&#8217;s chocolate chip cookies taste like?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>To explain how to do something<\/td>\n<td>How do you send an email?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>To tell a story<\/td>\n<td>What\u2019s the story about why some people call this land Turtle Island?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>To compare different things<\/td>\n<td>Do you prefer\u00a0skiing or snowboarding?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>To explain the advantages or disadvantages of something<\/td>\n<td>What are the disadvantages of credit cards?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>To summarize something<\/td>\n<td>What does the TV program guide say this show is about?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>We can figure out the main idea of a text by looking for the point of each paragraph.<\/p>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">1. The text has four paragraphs. Find the paragraph that matches each of the main ideas below.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">a. Scientists don\u2019t know everything about the brain, but what they have learned so far can help us in daily life.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">b. The cerebral cortex, which has four parts, is the part of our brain that makes us so smart.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">c. The brain has cells called neurons that are faster than any computer. Neurons send and receive information throughout the body, allowing us to think, remember, feel, and move.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">d. A creature slowly developed into a human over millions of years.<\/p>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">2. Put these events in the correct sequence. Sequence refers to the order that things happen in.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">a. The creature grew a spinal cord.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">b. The creature became a fish.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">c. The creature became a human.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">d. The creature was like a worm.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">e. The creature became a monkey.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">f. The creature grew arms and legs.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_80\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-80\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/evolution-296400_1280.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/evolution-296400_1280-300x204.png\" alt=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/evolution-monkey-man-transition-296400\/\" class=\"wp-image-80 size-medium\" height=\"204\" width=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/evolution-296400_1280-300x204.png 300w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/evolution-296400_1280-1024x697.png 1024w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/evolution-296400_1280-65x44.png 65w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/evolution-296400_1280-225x153.png 225w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/evolution-296400_1280-350x238.png 350w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/evolution-296400_1280.png 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-80\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Human evolution<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">3. Are these details true or false?<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">a. The smartest part of our brain is its surface.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">b. The front lobe of our brain processes images from the eyes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">c. The cerebral cortex has six parts.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">d.\u00a0Adults have about the same number of neurons as when they were babies, but now there are more connections between the neurons.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">e. Computers are smarter than mice.<\/p>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">4. Fill in the blanks.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">a. Our brains took about ____________________ million years to develop.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">b. The four parts of the cerebral cortex are called ____________________.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">c. The world\u2019s best supercomputer is only about as fast as a ____________________ brain.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">d. ____________________ is a word for a type of brain cell.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">e. Information from the brain to the body travels along the ____________________.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Check your work with the Answer Key at the end of this chapter.<\/span><\/div>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">5.\u00a0In your opinion, is the human brain the most amazing structure on Earth? Why or why not?<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Ask your instructor to check your work.<\/span><\/div>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Spelling<\/span><\/h1>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">A suffix is the end part of a word. Study these words ending in -ture. Arrange a date to be tested on your ability to spell these words. <\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<table style=\"height: 32px; width: 624px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border-color: #003366\">\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #003366\">\n<p>structure<\/p>\n<p>creature<\/p>\n<p>mixture<\/p>\n<p>nature<\/p>\n<p>future<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #003366\">\n<p>culture<\/p>\n<p>signature<\/p>\n<p>adventure<\/p>\n<p>departure<\/p>\n<p>furniture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">One way to learn to spell a new word is to break it into syllables. Try it. Remember that -ture is its own syllable.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">1. structure = ____________________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">2. creature = _____________________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">3. mixture = _____________________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">4. nature = _____________________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">5. future = _____________________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">6. culture = _____________________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">7. signature = _____________________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">8. adventure = ____________________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">9. departure = _____________________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">10. furniture = _____________________________________________<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Check your work with the Answer Key at the end of this chapter.<\/span><\/div>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">End Punctuation<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><strong>Punctuation<\/strong> refers to the marks we use in sentences to make our meaning clear. Punctuation marks that come at the end of sentences are called <strong>end punctuation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-success\">\n<h3 itemprop=\"educationalUse\">Grammar Rule<\/h3>\n<p>There are three kinds of end punctuation:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The period.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">The period is used at the end of a statement.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Example: People used to think of the brain as useless stuffing.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The exclamation point!<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">The exclamation point is used at the end of a word, phrase, or statement to express strong feeling, like happiness, anger, or surprise.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Example: Your brain is so complex that it took about 700 million years to develop!<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The question mark?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">The question mark is used at the end of any sentence that asks a question. Questions often begin with &#8220;who,&#8221; &#8220;what,&#8221; &#8220;where,&#8221; &#8220;when,&#8221; &#8220;why,&#8221; or &#8220;how.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Example: What do you think is more powerful: your brain or a supercomputer?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">Fill in all the periods, exclamation marks, and question marks needed in these sentences.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">1. How big is your brain It is about the same size as\u00a0your two fists pushed together<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">2. Wow You could fit 30,000 neurons on the head of a pin<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">3. Did you know the brain contains enough energy to power a light bulb<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">4. The outer part of the brain is a yellowish-grey colour<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">5. One neuron can have up to 10,000 connections Who knew<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">6. No way An American chicken named Mike survived for 18 months after his head was cut off and a small part of his brain was left behind<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">7. Our noses can detect between 4,000 and 10,000 smells<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">8. We spend one-third of our lives asleep That\u2019s a lot of sleep<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Check your work with the Answer Key at the end of this chapter.<\/span><\/div>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Simple Sentences: Identifying the Subject<\/span><\/h1>\n<p>One way to improve your writing is to use a variety of sentences. In this book, you will learn to write three sentence types: simple sentences, compound sentences, and complex sentences. A <strong>simple sentence<\/strong> is a complete sentence if it has:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>a subject<\/li>\n<li>a verb<\/li>\n<li>a complete thought<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-success\">\n<h3 itemprop=\"educationalUse\">Grammar Rule<\/h3>\n<p>The <strong>subject<\/strong> of a sentence is the person or thing\u00a0doing the action.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The subject can be a person:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Example: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Marie Curie<\/span> won two Nobel Prizes.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The subject can be a place:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Example: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Empress Hotel<\/span> serves 500,000 cups of tea every year.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The subject can be a thing:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Example: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The skull<\/span> protects the brain.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #003366\">Look at these simple sentences. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Underline the subjects.<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">1. You sleep for about 30% of your life.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">2. Monks train their minds to focus on one thing for long periods of time.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">3. Bill Reid created brilliant art.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">4. The College of New Caledonia opened in 1969.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">5. Denmark provides free a college and university education to the people who live there.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">6. Lucknow, India, is home to the biggest school in the world.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">7. Chess gives your brain a good workout.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">8. The spinal cord acts like an information highway between the brain and the rest of the body.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Check your work with the Answer Key at the end of this chapter.<\/span><\/div>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #003366\">Writing<\/span><\/h1>\n<p>During your time as a student, you will likely be asked to write many kinds of paragraphs. In this book, you will learn how to write paragraphs that describe things, explain how to do things, tell a story, or give an opinion. No matter what kind of writing task you are working on, there is a strategy you can use to stay on track. It\u2019s called TOWER. The letters in TOWER stand for Think, Organize, Write, Edit, and Rewrite.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_82\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-82\" style=\"width: 150px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/eiffel-tower-274200_1280.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/86\/2015\/04\/eiffel-tower-274200_1280-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"eiffel-tower-274200_1280\" class=\"wp-image-82 size-thumbnail\" height=\"150\" width=\"150\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-82\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eiffel Tower<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"textbox\">\n<p><strong>Think<\/strong>: Think about what the assignment is asking you to do. Brainstorm all the ideas that come to mind. Write each one down, even if you probably won\u2019t use it. Bad ideas are the soil in which good ideas grow! Don\u2019t worry about spelling or writing in complete sentences.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Organize<\/strong>: Choose your best ideas. Decide what order they should go in.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Write<\/strong>: Do a first draft of your paragraph. Don\u2019t worry too much about spelling and grammar. Just get your ideas down in a way that makes sense. Make sure to begin with a topic sentence to introduce the main idea of your paragraph. Add your details in the right order. Finish with a concluding sentence that reminds the reader of the main idea. At this point, you may want to put your draft aside so you can look at it with fresh eyes later.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Edit<\/strong>: Use a different colour to make edits to your writing. Check to see how it sounds when you read it out loud. Is the meaning clear? Are there any details that are missing or off topic? Should you use different sentence types to make it flow more smoothly? Are there any words that you want to change to make your writing more alive? Are all your sentences complete? Do you need to check the spelling of any words in a dictionary?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rewrite<\/strong>: Write a final copy of your paragraph that includes all your edits. You may wish to type it on a computer. Finally, hand it in to your instructor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-info\">\n<h3 itemprop=\"educationalUse\">Writing Task<\/h3>\n<p>The sentences below make up an opinion paragraph, but their order is mixed up. Decide what order the ideas belong in. Then rewrite the sentences to create a well-organized paragraph.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 Second, it can hold a huge amount of information.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 A signal in your brain can travel at speeds of 241 km\/hour.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 First, it\u2019s extremely fast.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 In conclusion, while Earth is full of wonders, these facts prove that nothing can compete with the human brain.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022\u00a0The brain can hold about 1,000 times more information than Apple&#8217;s\u00a0best desktop computer.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 The human brain is the most amazing structure on Earth.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 Third, it is capable of a wide variety of skills.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u2022 What other structure on Earth is capable of scientific discovery, intense emotions, ethical decision-making, planning for the future, creating art, and inventing all kinds of tools for making life easier?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800080\">Check your work with the Answer Key at the end of this chapter.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<h2>Answer Key<\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Vocabulary<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>QUESTION<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>ANSWER<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>supercomputer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>nerves<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>capable<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>creature<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>complex<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>wormlike<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>structure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>million<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>billion<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>trillion<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>process<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Check Your Understanding<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>QUESTION<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>ANSWER<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1a<\/td>\n<td>paragraph 4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1b<\/td>\n<td>paragraph 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1c<\/td>\n<td>paragraph 3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1d<\/td>\n<td>paragraph 1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>d, a, b, f, e, c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3a<\/td>\n<td>true<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3b<\/td>\n<td>false<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3c<\/td>\n<td>false<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3d<\/td>\n<td>true<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3e<\/td>\n<td>false<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4a<\/td>\n<td>700<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4b<\/td>\n<td>lobes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4c<\/td>\n<td>mouse<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4d<\/td>\n<td>neuron<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4e<\/td>\n<td>spinal cord<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>As with any opinion question, answers will vary.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Spelling \u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>QUESTION<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>ANSWER<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>struc-ture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>crea-ture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>mix-ture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>na-ture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>fu-ture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>cul-ture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>sig-na-ture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>ad-ven-ture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>de-par-ture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>fur-ni-ture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>End Punctuation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>QUESTION<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>ANSWER<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>How big is your brain? It is about the same size as\u00a0your two fists pushed together.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Wow! You could fit 30,000 neurons on the head of a pin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Did you know the brain contains enough energy to power a light bulb?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>The outer part of the brain is a yellowish-grey colour.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>One neuron can have up to 10,000 connections. <em>or<\/em> One neuron can have up to 10,000 connections! Who knew?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>No way! An American chicken named Mike survived for 18 months after his head was cut off and a small part of his brain was left behind.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Our noses can detect between 4,000 and 10,000 smells. <em>or<\/em> Our noses can detect between 4,000 and 10,000 smells!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>We spend one-third of our lives asleep. That\u2019s a lot of sleep!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Simple Sentences: Identifying the Subject<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u00a0QUESTION<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>ANSWER<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">You<\/span> sleep for about 30% of your life.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Monks<\/span> train their minds to focus on one thing for long periods of time.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Bill Reid<\/span> created brilliant art.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>The <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">College of New Caledonia<\/span> opened in 1969.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Denmark<\/span> provides free college and university education to the people who live there.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Lucknow, India<\/span>, is home to the biggest school in the world.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Chess<\/span> gives your brain a good workout.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>The spinal cord acts like an information highway between the brain and the rest of the body.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Writing<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">The human brain is the most amazing structure on Earth.\u00a0First, it\u2019s extremely fast.\u00a0A signal in your brain can travel at speeds of 241 km\/hour.\u00a0Second, it can hold a huge amount of information. The brain can hold about 1,000 times more information than\u00a0Apple&#8217;s\u00a0best desktop computer.\u00a0Third, it is capable of a wide variety of skills.\u00a0What other structure on Earth is capable of scientific discovery, intense emotions, ethical decision-making, planning for the future, creating art, and inventing all kinds of tools for making life easier?\u00a0In conclusion, while Earth is full of wonders, these facts prove that nothing can compete with the human brain.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Attributions<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/brain-mind-mindset-mindfulness-744180\/\"><\/a><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Human brain<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/brain-mind-mindset-mindfulness-744180\/\"><br \/>\nImage<\/a> by\u00a0<a class=\"hover_opacity\" href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/users\/johnhain-352999\/\">johnhain<\/a>\u00a0is in the <a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/service\/terms\/#download_terms\">public domain<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Visualizing text<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/head-think-slide-strips-film-674132\/\"><br \/>\nImage<\/a> by\u00a0<a class=\"hover_opacity\" href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/users\/geralt-9301\/\">geralt<\/a>\u00a0is in the <a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/service\/terms\/#download_terms\">public domain<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Human evolution<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/evolution-monkey-man-transition-296400\/\"><br \/>\nImage<\/a> by\u00a0<a class=\"hover_opacity\" href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/users\/ClkerFreeVectorImages-3736\/\">ClkerFreeVectorImages<\/a>\u00a0is in the <a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/service\/terms\/#download_terms\">public domain<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Eiffel Tower<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/eiffel-tower-paris-france-tower-274200\/\"><br \/>\nImage<\/a> by\u00a0<a class=\"hover_opacity\" href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/users\/Gaertringen-168960\/\">Gaertringen<\/a>\u00a0is in the <a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/service\/terms\/#download_terms\">public domain<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":55,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[47],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-5","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-standard"],"part":3,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/5","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/55"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/5\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/5\/revisions\/18"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/5\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=5"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=5"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/abealf5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=5"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}