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22 Game Changers: Why Openness in Education?

Why openness in education? Why open education?

These questions have been asked by many since the label “open” was applied to education and coined in 1998 by David Wiley.[1] Four years later, UNESCO created the term “open educational resources (OER)” at its 2002 Forum on the Impact of Open Courseware for Higher Education in Developing Countries to describe a new global phenomenon of openly sharing educational resources. [2] This international organization, “the only United Nations agency with a mandate to cover all aspects of education,” believes that building strong education systems around the world will help to eradicate poverty, promote peace, and encourage sustainable development. [3]

There are several resources that examine both OEP (open educational practice a.k.a. open pedagogy) and OER (open educational resources). Some of these are listed below.


  1. See https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Open_Education_Handbook/History_of_the_OER_movement
  2. From https://en.unesco.org/themes/building-knowledge-societies/oer
  3. https://en.unesco.org/themes/education

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