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Unit 2: Division

Topic C: Dividing Larger Numbers by One-Digit Divisors

Several methods are used to divide larger numbers. This book will only teach one method. If you have learned a different method for dividing, ask your instructor to review it with you. You can use the practice exercises in this workbook using whichever method you prefer.

One-Digit Divisors without Remainders

Division has four steps which are repeated until the dividend is completely divided. Work through the three examples which show these steps.

  1. Divide.
  2. Multiply
  3. Subtract and compare the remainder to the divisor.
  4. Bring down the next digit in the dividend and repeat.

Example A

294 ÷ 7 =

Rewrite as 72947294

Step 1: Divide.

  1. Find a trial quotient using multiplication tables or division facts.
  2. Look at the dividend one digit at a time.
    1. The first digit is a 2, which is really 2 hundreds.
    2. Will 7 go into 2? Can you divide 2 by 7? No.
    3. Look at the first 2 digits, 29, which is really 29 tens.
    4. Will 7 go into 29? Yes. 4 × 7 = 28.
  3. The first number in the quotient is 4. Place the 4 in the quotient directly above the 9 tens. The 4 is 4 tens in the quotient.

4729447294

Step 2: Multiply.

  1. Multiply 4 × 7  = 28.
  2. Write the 28 under the 29. Draw a line.

47294284729428

Step 3: Subtract.

  1. Subtract 29 − 28 = 1 (ten).
  2. Check 1 < 7.

4729428147294281

Step 4: Bring down the next number in the dividend.

  1. Bring down the next number in the dividend (4), and put it beside the result of the subtraction you just completed (1).
  2. Together, they make 14. This 14 is the number that you must now divide.

472942814472942814

Repeat Step 1: Divide.

  1. Divide 14 ÷ 7 = 2
  2. Put the 2 in the quotient right after the 4 in the ones place.

42729428144272942814

Repeat Step 2: Multiply.

  1. Multiply 2 × 7 = 14.
  2. Write the 14 under the 14. Draw a line.

427294281414427294281414

Repeat Step 3: Subtract.

  1. Subtract 14 − 14 = 0. There is 0 remainder.
  2. Check 0 < 7.

42729428141404272942814140

There are no more numbers in the dividend to bring down, so you are done.

294 ÷ 7 = 42

Example B

128 ÷ 2 =

642128120880642128120880

Step 1: Divide.

  1. Can 2 go into 1? No.
  2. Can 2 go into 12? Yes.
  3. How many times?
    • 2 × 6 = 12; 12 ÷ 2 = 6
  4. The first number in the trial quotient is 6. Put the 6 in the quotient directly above the 2 tens dividend.

Step 2: Multiply.

  1. 6 × 2 = 12.
  2. Write the 12 under the 12. Draw a line.

Step 3: Subtract.

  1. 12 − 12 = 0
  2. Check 0 < 12

Step 4: Bring down the next number in the dividend.

  1. Bring down the next number in the dividend (8), and put it beside the result of the subtraction you just completed (0).
  2. 8 is now the number to be divided.

Repeat

  1. Divide: 8 ÷ 2 = 4
  2. Multiple: 4 × 2 = 8
  3. Subtract: 8 − 8 = 0
    1. Check 0 < 2
  4. Bring down the next digit. There are no more digits in the dividend.

128 ÷ 2 = 64

Exercise 1

Find the quotients (divide, multiply, subtract, compare). Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.

  1. 43644364
  2. 21442144
  3. 54555455
  4. 76517651
  5. 81448144
  6. 21662166
  7. 75887588
  8. 21962196
  9. 52305230
  10. 85848584
  11. 63666366
  12. 42444244
  13. 53755375
  14. 82008200
  15. 26282628
  16. 73577357
  17. 98379837
  18. 82488248
  19. 83128312
  20. 74627462
  21. 52955295
  22. 63846384
  23. 22762276
  24. 43724372

Answers to Exercise 1

  1. 91
  2. 72
  3. 91
  4. 93
  5. 18
  6. 83
  7. 84
  8. 98
  9. 46
  10. 73
  11. 61
  12. 61
  13. 75
  14. 25
  15. 314
  16. 51
  17. 93
  18. 31
  19. 39
  20. 66
  21. 59
  22. 64
  23. 138
  24. 93

Example C

856 ÷ 8 =

88568856

Divide

Does 8 go into 8? Yes. 8 ÷ 8 = 1.

1885618856

Multiply

1 × 8 = 8

188568188568

Subtract

8 − 8 = 0. Check 0 < 8.

18856801885680

Bring down the next digit 

5 is now the number to be divided.

1885680518856805

Now repeat.

Divide

Does 8 go into 5? No.

You must put a zero to hold the place in the quotient. If a digit is brought down, a digit must be placed in the quotient.

Multiply

0 × 8 = 0

108856805108856805

Subtract

5 − 0 = 5. Check 5 < 8.

1088568050510885680505

Bring down the next digit

56 is now the number to be divided.

108856805056108856805056

Now repeat.

Divide

Does 8 go into 56? Yes. 56 ÷ 8 = 7.

Write 7 in the quotient in the ones place above the 6 in the dividend.

10788568050561078856805056

Multiply

7 × 8 = 56

107885680505656107885680505656

Subtract

56 − 56 = 0. Check 0 < 8.

10788568050565601078856805056560

Bring down the next digit.

No more digits.

856 ÷ 8 = 107

Exercise 2

Find the quotients (divide, multiply, subtract, compare). Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.

  1. 77217721
  2. 99549954
  3. 39273927
  4. 36213621
  5. 48244824
  6. 99729972
  7. 77147714
  8. 24162416
  9. 55405540
  10. 66546654
  11. 88328832
  12. 44364436
  13. 55155515
  14. 28142814
  15. 66486648
  16. 88568856
  17. 55255525
  18. 77637763
  19. 99459945
  20. 33153315
  21. 88728872
  22. 44164416
  23. 66186618
  24. 26122612

Answers to Exercise 2

  1. 103
  2. 106
  3. 309
  4. 207
  5. 206
  6. 108
  7. 102
  8. 208
  9. 108
  10. 109
  11. 104
  12. 109
  13. 103
  14. 407
  15. 108
  16. 107
  17. 105
  18. 109
  19. 105
  20. 105
  21. 109
  22. 104
  23. 103
  24. 306

One-Digit Divisors with Remainders

Do the division exactly the same way that you have been learning. Often there is a remainder after the last subtraction. Write it with the quotient as you already know how to do.

Example D

259 ÷ 8 =

32 R38259241916332 R382592419163

259 ÷ 8 = 32 R3

Exercise 3

Divide and show any remainders. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.

  1. 20932093
  2. 352352
  3. 594594
  4. 774774
  5. 495495
  6. 996996
  7. 697697
  8. 899899
  9. 998998
  10. 459459
  11. 676676
  12. 379379
  13. 796796
  14. 557557
  15. 247247
  16. 891891
  17. 789789
  18. 682682
  19. 567567
  20. 285285
  21. 471471
  22. 365365
  23. 992992
  24. 894894

Answers to Exercise 3

  1. 46 R1
  2. 17 R1
  3. 18 R4
  4. 10 R4
  5. 23 R3
  6. 10 R6
  7. 16 R1
  8. 12 R3
  9. 10 R8
  10. 14 R3
  11. 12 R4
  12. 26 R1
  13. 13 R5
  14. 11 R2
  15. 23 R1
  16. 11 R3
  17. 12 R5
  18. 13 R4
  19. 13 R2
  20. 42 R1
  21. 17 R3
  22. 21 R2
  23. 10 R2
  24. 11 R6

Check Division by Multiplying

To check your division, do this:

  1. Multiply the quotient by the divisor.
  2. Add on any remainder.

The product will equal the dividend if your arithmetic is correct.

Example E

52 R19469451918152 R194694519181                 52×946852×9468                 468+1=469468+1=469

Exercise 4

Divide and check your answer by multiplying. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.

  1. 77097709
  2. 24232423
  3. 55385538
  4. 46094609
  5. 94069406
  6. 61256125
  7. 36053605
  8. 99289928
  9. 39623962
  10. 48054805
  11. 83018301
  12. 28072807
  13. 67256725
  14. 73207320
  15. 91409140
  16. 84838483
  17. 21972197
  18. 63076307
  19. 55045504
  20. 87098709
  21. 78767876
  22. 41014101
  23. 32693269
  24. 54735473

Answers to Exercise 4

  1. 101 R2
  2. 211 R1
  3. 107 R3
  4. 152 R1
  5. 45 R1
  6. 20 R5
  7. 201 R2
  8. 103 R1
  9. 320 R2
  10. 201 R1
  11. 37 R5
  12. 403 R1
  13. 120 R5
  14. 45 R5
  15. 15 R5
  16. 60 R3
  17. 98 R1
  18. 51 R1
  19. 100 R4
  20. 88 R5
  21. 125 R1
  22. 25 R1
  23. 89 R2
  24. 94 R3

Topic C: Self-Test

Mark  /24   Aim  19/24

  1. Find the quotient. (6 marks)
    1. 696696
    2. 492492
    3. 791791
    4. 293293
    5. 594594
    6. 352352
  2. Divide. (6 marks)
    1. 71827182
    2. 87368736
    3. 61626162
    4. 52955295
    5. 41844184
    6. 95769576
  3. Divide and show your check for each answer (12 marks – 1 mark for question, 1 mark for check).
    1. 97059705
    2. 42574257
    3. 78997899
    4. 55385538
    5. 88768876
    6. 66286628

Answers to Topic C Self-Test

  1. Find the quotient.
    1. 16
    2. 23
    3. 13
    4. 46 R1
    5. 18 R4
    6. 17 R1
  2. Divide.
    1. 26
    2. 92
    3. 27
    4. 59
    5. 46
    6. 64
  3. Divide and show your check for each answer.
    1. 78 R3
    2. 64 R1
    3. 128 R3
    4. 107 R3
    5. 109 R4
    6. 104 R4

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Adult Literacy Fundamental Mathematics: Book 3 – 2nd Edition Copyright © 2023 by Wendy Tagami and Liz Girard is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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