{"id":52,"date":"2025-11-12T18:30:14","date_gmt":"2025-11-12T23:30:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/chapter\/course-outline-variations-in-health-4\/"},"modified":"2026-02-23T16:06:23","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T21:06:23","slug":"course-outline-variations-in-health-4","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/chapter\/course-outline-variations-in-health-4\/","title":{"raw":"Course Outline: Variations in Health 4","rendered":"Course Outline: Variations in Health 4"},"content":{"raw":"Minimum Course Hours: 50\n<h1>Course Description<\/h1>\nLearners focus on pathophysiology as it relates to acute disease and illness in clients across the lifespan, including those with mental health and substance use conditions. Emphasis is placed on the care of clients experiencing acute illness, including nursing interventions and treatment options. Learners also analyze the implications of acute exacerbations of chronic illness. Cultural diversity in healing practices as well as evidence-informed research and practice are explored.\n\n<strong>Prerequisites:<\/strong> Successful completion of Level 3 courses and Consolidated Practice Experience 3\n\n<strong>Corequisites:<\/strong> Integrated Nursing Practice 4; Health Promotion 4\n<h1>Learning Outcomes<\/h1>\nUpon successful completion of this course, the learner will be able to:\n<ol>\n \t<li>Analyze the current British Columbia College of Nurses and Midwives (BCCNM) LPN Ethics Standards, Practice Standards, and Entry-Level Competencies that are relevant to providing care for clients in acute care settings.\n<ul>\n \t<li>1.1 Discuss the practical nurse's role in providing care for clients across the lifespan experiencing health challenges in acute care settings.<\/li>\n \t<li>1.2 Discuss the practical nurse's responsibilities related to the scope of practice and how they affect the escalation of client care in acute care settings.<\/li>\n \t<li>1.3 Identify the interprofessional collaborative relationships that are required in acute care settings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>Explain the pathophysiology of common acute illnesses affecting clients across the lifespan.\n<ul>\n \t<li>2.1 Explain the pathophysiology and nursing management of fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base imbalances.<\/li>\n \t<li>2.2 Explain the nursing management of common acute diseases and acute exacerbations of illness in clients across the lifespan.[footnote]<a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/chapter\/course-outline-variations-in-health-4\/#chapter-214-section-4\">Recommended topics<\/a> to address these outcomes can be found in the table following this course outline.[\/footnote]<\/li>\n \t<li>2.3 Explain the pathophysiology and nursing management of shock (cardiogenic, hypovolemic, neurogenic, anaphylactic, and septic).<\/li>\n \t<li>2.4 Discuss the complexities associated with providing nursing care to clients experiencing acute illness who may have concurrent mental health and\/or substance use conditions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>Identify holistic and traditional healing practices relevant to acute illnesses, including mental health and\/or substance use conditions.\n<ul>\n \t<li>3.1 Explore holistic and traditional healing practices that support the nursing management of common acute illnesses.<\/li>\n \t<li>3.2 Discuss holistic and traditional healing practices that may conflict with Western medicine in the acute care setting.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>Describe the impact of cultural safety, cultural humility, and anti-racist practice on health and healing.\n<ul>\n \t<li>4.1 Compare and contrast how different cultural practices impact health and healing.<\/li>\n \t<li>4.2 Discuss how culture impacts the way clients may experience pain in the acute care setting.<\/li>\n \t<li>4.3 Explore the impact that cultural safety and cultural humility have on a client\u2019s willingness to complete treatment plans and\/or remain in the acute care setting.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>Use critical thinking skills when accessing, assessing, and synthesizing current and relevant practice resources to inform nursing care in acute care settings.\n<ul>\n \t<li>5.1 Use evidence-based research, practice, and guidelines to support learning.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1>Course Concepts<\/h1>\nCourse outcomes will be met through examination and exploration of the following:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Relevant BCCNM Ethics Standards, Practice Standards, and Entry-Level Competencies<\/li>\n \t<li>Physiological changes contributing to acute disease and illness across the lifespan, including mental health and\/or substance use conditions<\/li>\n \t<li>Recognition and presentation of common acute disease and illness across the lifespan, including mental health conditions<\/li>\n \t<li>Nursing management of acute disease and illness according to body system<\/li>\n \t<li>Shock (cardiogenic, hypovolemic, neurogenic, anaphylactic, and septic)<\/li>\n \t<li>Disruption in homeostasis (fluid, electrolyte, acid-base imbalances)<\/li>\n \t<li>Nursing management, including:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Holistic assessment and data collection (including lab values and diagnostics)<\/li>\n \t<li>Identifying real and potential problems<\/li>\n \t<li>Nursing diagnoses<\/li>\n \t<li>Planning of specific nursing interventions<\/li>\n \t<li>Implementing culturally safe and culturally informed care<\/li>\n \t<li>Evaluation of care<\/li>\n \t<li>Collaborating with other members of the health care team<\/li>\n \t<li>Health promotion<\/li>\n \t<li>Client teaching<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>Therapeutic interventions and treatments, including pharmacology<\/li>\n \t<li>Emergency pharmacology<\/li>\n \t<li>Traditional and holistic healing practices<\/li>\n \t<li>Evidence-informed research and practice; best practice guidelines<\/li>\n \t<li>Cultural safety, cultural humility, and anti-racist practice and impact on health and healing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>Recommended Topics for Variations in Health Courses<\/h1>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\"><\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Variations A<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Variations 3<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Variations 4<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Cardiovascular<\/th>\n<td>Hypertension\n\nCoronary artery disease\n\nAtherosclerosis\n\nAtherosclerosis\n\nHeart failure\n\nAngina\n\nPeripheral vascular disease\n\nDeep vein thrombosis<\/td>\n<td>Gestational hypertension\n\nAtrial septal defect\n\nVentricular septal defect\n\nTetralogy of Fallot\n\nHeart failure\n\nSystemic hypertension\n\nRheumatic fever<\/td>\n<td>Myocardial infarction\n\nAtrial fibrillation\n\nEndocarditis\n\nPericarditis\n\nMyocarditis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"TableNormal-R\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Respiratory<\/th>\n<td>COPD\n\nAsthma\n\nObstructive sleep apnea\n\nInfluenza\n\nPneumonia\n\nLung cancer<\/td>\n<td>Childhood asthma\n\nCroup\n\nCystic fibrosis\n\nTonsillitis &amp; adenoiditis\n\nBronchitis &amp; pneumonia<\/td>\n<td>SARS\n\nChest trauma\n\nPleural effusion\n\nAtelectasis\n\nPulmonary embolism<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Musculoskeletal<\/th>\n<td>Osteoarthritis\n\nRheumatoid arthritis\n\nSprains &amp; strains\n\nGout\n\nOsteoporosis\n\nFractures\n\nFoot disorders<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Osteomyelitis\n\nBone tumours\n\nAmputations\n\nFractures\n\nJoint replacement surgery<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Gastrointestinal<\/th>\n<td>Bowel incontinence\n\nConstipation\n\nGERD\n\nDiverticular disease\n\nPeptic ulcer disease\n\nHiatal hernia<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Gastroenteritis\n\nCrohn\u2019s &amp; ulcerative colitis\n\nAppendicitis\n\nColorectal cancer\n\nPeptic ulcer disease\n\nBowel obstructions\n\nCholecystitis &amp; cholelithiasis\n\nPancreatitis\n\nLiver cirrhosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Neurological<\/th>\n<td>ALS\n\nMultiple sclerosis\n\nAlzheimer\u2019s disease\n\nVascular dementia\n\nParkinson\u2019s disease\n\nTIA\n\nCVA\n\nDepression, delirium, &amp; dementia<\/td>\n<td>Meningitis\n\nHead injury\n\nEpilepsy\n\nReyes syndrome<\/td>\n<td>Increased intracranial pressure (ICP)\n\nHead injuries\n\nBrain tumours\n\nSpinal cord injuries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Hematological<\/th>\n<td>Iron-deficiency anemia\n\nPernicious anemia\n\nFolic acid deficiency<\/td>\n<td>Postpartum hemorrhage\n\nRh incompatibility<\/td>\n<td>Sickle cell anemia\n\nHemolytic anemia\n\nAplastic anemia\n\nHemophilia\n\nThrombocytopenia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Genitourinary<\/th>\n<td>Urinary incontinence\n\nUrinary retention\n\nNeurogenic bladder\n\nUTIs\n\nBenign prostatic\n\nhypertrophy\n\nProstatitis\n\nVaginitis\n\nChronic renal failure<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Acute renal failure\n\nPyelonephritis\n\nGlomerulonephritis\n\nUrolithiasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Endocrine<\/th>\n<td>Diabetes\n\nThyroid conditions<\/td>\n<td>Gestational diabetes<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Integumentary<\/th>\n<td>Skin cancer\n\nEczema\n\nPsoriasis\n\nShingles\n\nScabies\n\nTinea\n\nPressure ulcers\n\nVenous ulcers\n\nArterial ulcers\n\nDiabetic ulcers<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Burns<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Sensory System<\/th>\n<td>Macular degeneration\n\nGlaucoma\n\nCataracts\n\nRetinopathy\n\nConjunctivitis\n\nHearing loss<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Developmental Disorders<\/th>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Down syndrome\n\nFetal alcohol syndrome\n\nAutistic disorder\n\nADHD<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"TableNormal-R\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Mental Illness<\/th>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Substance abuse disorder\/addiction\n\nMajor depressive disorder\n\nDysthymic disorders\n\nPsychotic disorders\n\nSuicide\n\nAnxiety disorders\n\nEating disorders<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"TableNormal-R\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Complications of Pregnancy<\/th>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Placenta previa\n\nAbruptio placenta\n\nPostpartum depression\n\nPostpartum psychosis<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"TableNormal-R\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Cancer<\/th>\n<td>Cancer overview<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Kidney &amp; bladder cancer\n\nLiver &amp; pancreatic cancer\n\nLymphoma\n\nMultiple myeloma\n\nAcute\/chronic leukemia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"TableNormal-R\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Communicable Disease<\/th>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Chicken pox\n\nRubella\n\nMumps\n\nMononucleosis\n\nScarlet fever\n\nPertussis\n\nHIV\n\nAIDS<\/td>\n<td>Hepatitis\n\nCOVID\n\n&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"TableNormal-R\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Homeostasis<\/th>\n<td>Maintaining homeostasis<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Shock\n\nFluid &amp; electrolyte imbalances\n\nAcid-base imbalances<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div><\/div>","rendered":"<p>Minimum Course Hours: 50<\/p>\n<h1>Course Description<\/h1>\n<p>Learners focus on pathophysiology as it relates to acute disease and illness in clients across the lifespan, including those with mental health and substance use conditions. Emphasis is placed on the care of clients experiencing acute illness, including nursing interventions and treatment options. Learners also analyze the implications of acute exacerbations of chronic illness. Cultural diversity in healing practices as well as evidence-informed research and practice are explored.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Prerequisites:<\/strong> Successful completion of Level 3 courses and Consolidated Practice Experience 3<\/p>\n<p><strong>Corequisites:<\/strong> Integrated Nursing Practice 4; Health Promotion 4<\/p>\n<h1>Learning Outcomes<\/h1>\n<p>Upon successful completion of this course, the learner will be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Analyze the current British Columbia College of Nurses and Midwives (BCCNM) LPN Ethics Standards, Practice Standards, and Entry-Level Competencies that are relevant to providing care for clients in acute care settings.\n<ul>\n<li>1.1 Discuss the practical nurse&#8217;s role in providing care for clients across the lifespan experiencing health challenges in acute care settings.<\/li>\n<li>1.2 Discuss the practical nurse&#8217;s responsibilities related to the scope of practice and how they affect the escalation of client care in acute care settings.<\/li>\n<li>1.3 Identify the interprofessional collaborative relationships that are required in acute care settings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Explain the pathophysiology of common acute illnesses affecting clients across the lifespan.\n<ul>\n<li>2.1 Explain the pathophysiology and nursing management of fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base imbalances.<\/li>\n<li>2.2 Explain the nursing management of common acute diseases and acute exacerbations of illness in clients across the lifespan.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Recommended topics to address these outcomes can be found in the table following this course outline.\" id=\"return-footnote-52-1\" href=\"#footnote-52-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<li>2.3 Explain the pathophysiology and nursing management of shock (cardiogenic, hypovolemic, neurogenic, anaphylactic, and septic).<\/li>\n<li>2.4 Discuss the complexities associated with providing nursing care to clients experiencing acute illness who may have concurrent mental health and\/or substance use conditions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Identify holistic and traditional healing practices relevant to acute illnesses, including mental health and\/or substance use conditions.\n<ul>\n<li>3.1 Explore holistic and traditional healing practices that support the nursing management of common acute illnesses.<\/li>\n<li>3.2 Discuss holistic and traditional healing practices that may conflict with Western medicine in the acute care setting.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Describe the impact of cultural safety, cultural humility, and anti-racist practice on health and healing.\n<ul>\n<li>4.1 Compare and contrast how different cultural practices impact health and healing.<\/li>\n<li>4.2 Discuss how culture impacts the way clients may experience pain in the acute care setting.<\/li>\n<li>4.3 Explore the impact that cultural safety and cultural humility have on a client\u2019s willingness to complete treatment plans and\/or remain in the acute care setting.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Use critical thinking skills when accessing, assessing, and synthesizing current and relevant practice resources to inform nursing care in acute care settings.\n<ul>\n<li>5.1 Use evidence-based research, practice, and guidelines to support learning.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1>Course Concepts<\/h1>\n<p>Course outcomes will be met through examination and exploration of the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Relevant BCCNM Ethics Standards, Practice Standards, and Entry-Level Competencies<\/li>\n<li>Physiological changes contributing to acute disease and illness across the lifespan, including mental health and\/or substance use conditions<\/li>\n<li>Recognition and presentation of common acute disease and illness across the lifespan, including mental health conditions<\/li>\n<li>Nursing management of acute disease and illness according to body system<\/li>\n<li>Shock (cardiogenic, hypovolemic, neurogenic, anaphylactic, and septic)<\/li>\n<li>Disruption in homeostasis (fluid, electrolyte, acid-base imbalances)<\/li>\n<li>Nursing management, including:\n<ul>\n<li>Holistic assessment and data collection (including lab values and diagnostics)<\/li>\n<li>Identifying real and potential problems<\/li>\n<li>Nursing diagnoses<\/li>\n<li>Planning of specific nursing interventions<\/li>\n<li>Implementing culturally safe and culturally informed care<\/li>\n<li>Evaluation of care<\/li>\n<li>Collaborating with other members of the health care team<\/li>\n<li>Health promotion<\/li>\n<li>Client teaching<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Therapeutic interventions and treatments, including pharmacology<\/li>\n<li>Emergency pharmacology<\/li>\n<li>Traditional and holistic healing practices<\/li>\n<li>Evidence-informed research and practice; best practice guidelines<\/li>\n<li>Cultural safety, cultural humility, and anti-racist practice and impact on health and healing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>Recommended Topics for Variations in Health Courses<\/h1>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\"><\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Variations A<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Variations 3<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Variations 4<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Cardiovascular<\/th>\n<td>Hypertension<\/p>\n<p>Coronary artery disease<\/p>\n<p>Atherosclerosis<\/p>\n<p>Atherosclerosis<\/p>\n<p>Heart failure<\/p>\n<p>Angina<\/p>\n<p>Peripheral vascular disease<\/p>\n<p>Deep vein thrombosis<\/td>\n<td>Gestational hypertension<\/p>\n<p>Atrial septal defect<\/p>\n<p>Ventricular septal defect<\/p>\n<p>Tetralogy of Fallot<\/p>\n<p>Heart failure<\/p>\n<p>Systemic hypertension<\/p>\n<p>Rheumatic fever<\/td>\n<td>Myocardial infarction<\/p>\n<p>Atrial fibrillation<\/p>\n<p>Endocarditis<\/p>\n<p>Pericarditis<\/p>\n<p>Myocarditis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"TableNormal-R\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Respiratory<\/th>\n<td>COPD<\/p>\n<p>Asthma<\/p>\n<p>Obstructive sleep apnea<\/p>\n<p>Influenza<\/p>\n<p>Pneumonia<\/p>\n<p>Lung cancer<\/td>\n<td>Childhood asthma<\/p>\n<p>Croup<\/p>\n<p>Cystic fibrosis<\/p>\n<p>Tonsillitis &amp; adenoiditis<\/p>\n<p>Bronchitis &amp; pneumonia<\/td>\n<td>SARS<\/p>\n<p>Chest trauma<\/p>\n<p>Pleural effusion<\/p>\n<p>Atelectasis<\/p>\n<p>Pulmonary embolism<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Musculoskeletal<\/th>\n<td>Osteoarthritis<\/p>\n<p>Rheumatoid arthritis<\/p>\n<p>Sprains &amp; strains<\/p>\n<p>Gout<\/p>\n<p>Osteoporosis<\/p>\n<p>Fractures<\/p>\n<p>Foot disorders<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Osteomyelitis<\/p>\n<p>Bone tumours<\/p>\n<p>Amputations<\/p>\n<p>Fractures<\/p>\n<p>Joint replacement surgery<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Gastrointestinal<\/th>\n<td>Bowel incontinence<\/p>\n<p>Constipation<\/p>\n<p>GERD<\/p>\n<p>Diverticular disease<\/p>\n<p>Peptic ulcer disease<\/p>\n<p>Hiatal hernia<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Gastroenteritis<\/p>\n<p>Crohn\u2019s &amp; ulcerative colitis<\/p>\n<p>Appendicitis<\/p>\n<p>Colorectal cancer<\/p>\n<p>Peptic ulcer disease<\/p>\n<p>Bowel obstructions<\/p>\n<p>Cholecystitis &amp; cholelithiasis<\/p>\n<p>Pancreatitis<\/p>\n<p>Liver cirrhosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Neurological<\/th>\n<td>ALS<\/p>\n<p>Multiple sclerosis<\/p>\n<p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease<\/p>\n<p>Vascular dementia<\/p>\n<p>Parkinson\u2019s disease<\/p>\n<p>TIA<\/p>\n<p>CVA<\/p>\n<p>Depression, delirium, &amp; dementia<\/td>\n<td>Meningitis<\/p>\n<p>Head injury<\/p>\n<p>Epilepsy<\/p>\n<p>Reyes syndrome<\/td>\n<td>Increased intracranial pressure (ICP)<\/p>\n<p>Head injuries<\/p>\n<p>Brain tumours<\/p>\n<p>Spinal cord injuries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Hematological<\/th>\n<td>Iron-deficiency anemia<\/p>\n<p>Pernicious anemia<\/p>\n<p>Folic acid deficiency<\/td>\n<td>Postpartum hemorrhage<\/p>\n<p>Rh incompatibility<\/td>\n<td>Sickle cell anemia<\/p>\n<p>Hemolytic anemia<\/p>\n<p>Aplastic anemia<\/p>\n<p>Hemophilia<\/p>\n<p>Thrombocytopenia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Genitourinary<\/th>\n<td>Urinary incontinence<\/p>\n<p>Urinary retention<\/p>\n<p>Neurogenic bladder<\/p>\n<p>UTIs<\/p>\n<p>Benign prostatic<\/p>\n<p>hypertrophy<\/p>\n<p>Prostatitis<\/p>\n<p>Vaginitis<\/p>\n<p>Chronic renal failure<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Acute renal failure<\/p>\n<p>Pyelonephritis<\/p>\n<p>Glomerulonephritis<\/p>\n<p>Urolithiasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Endocrine<\/th>\n<td>Diabetes<\/p>\n<p>Thyroid conditions<\/td>\n<td>Gestational diabetes<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Integumentary<\/th>\n<td>Skin cancer<\/p>\n<p>Eczema<\/p>\n<p>Psoriasis<\/p>\n<p>Shingles<\/p>\n<p>Scabies<\/p>\n<p>Tinea<\/p>\n<p>Pressure ulcers<\/p>\n<p>Venous ulcers<\/p>\n<p>Arterial ulcers<\/p>\n<p>Diabetic ulcers<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Burns<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Sensory System<\/th>\n<td>Macular degeneration<\/p>\n<p>Glaucoma<\/p>\n<p>Cataracts<\/p>\n<p>Retinopathy<\/p>\n<p>Conjunctivitis<\/p>\n<p>Hearing loss<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Developmental Disorders<\/th>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Down syndrome<\/p>\n<p>Fetal alcohol syndrome<\/p>\n<p>Autistic disorder<\/p>\n<p>ADHD<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"TableNormal-R\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Mental Illness<\/th>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Substance abuse disorder\/addiction<\/p>\n<p>Major depressive disorder<\/p>\n<p>Dysthymic disorders<\/p>\n<p>Psychotic disorders<\/p>\n<p>Suicide<\/p>\n<p>Anxiety disorders<\/p>\n<p>Eating disorders<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"TableNormal-R\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Complications of Pregnancy<\/th>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Placenta previa<\/p>\n<p>Abruptio placenta<\/p>\n<p>Postpartum depression<\/p>\n<p>Postpartum psychosis<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"TableNormal-R\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Cancer<\/th>\n<td>Cancer overview<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Kidney &amp; bladder cancer<\/p>\n<p>Liver &amp; pancreatic cancer<\/p>\n<p>Lymphoma<\/p>\n<p>Multiple myeloma<\/p>\n<p>Acute\/chronic leukemia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"TableNormal-R\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Communicable Disease<\/th>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Chicken pox<\/p>\n<p>Rubella<\/p>\n<p>Mumps<\/p>\n<p>Mononucleosis<\/p>\n<p>Scarlet fever<\/p>\n<p>Pertussis<\/p>\n<p>HIV<\/p>\n<p>AIDS<\/td>\n<td>Hepatitis<\/p>\n<p>COVID<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"TableNormal-R\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Homeostasis<\/th>\n<td>Maintaining homeostasis<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Shock<\/p>\n<p>Fluid &amp; electrolyte imbalances<\/p>\n<p>Acid-base imbalances<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div><\/div>\n<hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-52-1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/chapter\/course-outline-variations-in-health-4\/#chapter-214-section-4\">Recommended topics<\/a> to address these outcomes can be found in the table following this course outline. <a href=\"#return-footnote-52-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":123,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-52","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":47,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/52","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/123"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/52\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":53,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/52\/revisions\/53"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/47"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/52\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=52"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=52"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/apncurriculum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=52"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}