{"id":1269,"date":"2021-02-25T11:47:39","date_gmt":"2021-02-25T16:47:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/chapter\/scaling-and-stretching\/"},"modified":"2021-11-03T16:45:11","modified_gmt":"2021-11-03T20:45:11","slug":"scaling-and-stretching","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/chapter\/scaling-and-stretching\/","title":{"raw":"Module 24: Scaling and Stretching","rendered":"Module 24: Scaling and Stretching"},"content":{"raw":"
\n

Learning Outcomes<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

\n
\n\nWhen you have completed this module, you will be able to:\n
    \n \t
  1. Describe how drawing objects are stretched and scaled to change their original shape and size.<\/li>\n \t
  2. Apply the STRETCH and SCALE commands to change the size and shape of existing objects by stretching or scaling them.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    Stretching Objects<\/h1>\nThe STRETCH command has many uses. Using this command is a good way to edit the shape of objects without having to erase and redraw portions of them as shown in Figure Step 24-1. Existing objects can be stretched larger or smaller.\n\nThe objects to be stretched MUST be selected using a crossing or cross polygon window. The objects that are totally inside the crossing or cross polygon window are moved and the objects that cross the window are stretched.\n

    Scaling Objects<\/h1>\nThe SCALE command can be also be used in many ways. An object can be scaled either larger or smaller by using a scale factor or by using a reference and letting AutoCAD calculate the scale factor. See Figure 24-2. The object to be scaled is scaled around a base point.\n\nThe base point is the only location that does not change as the object is scaled around it.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"163\"]\"\" Figure 24-1 Stretching[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"416\"]\"\" Figure 24-2
    Scaling[\/caption]\n\n
    AUTHOR'S COMMENTS:<\/strong> As soon as you able to identify when and where to use the STRETCH and SCALE commands, your drawing speed and productivity will increase.<\/div>\n
    \n

    AutoCAD Command: STRETCH<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

    The STRETCH command is used to stretch drawing objects either larger or smaller.<\/div>\n
    \n\nShortcut: S<\/strong><\/strong>\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1211\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"454\"]\"\" Modify Toolbar[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1211\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"219\"]\"\" Modify Pull-down[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1211\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"301\"]\"\" Home Ribbon[\/caption]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n

    AutoCAD Command: SCALE<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

    \n\nThe SCALE command is used to scale drawing objects, around a base point, either larger or smaller.\n\nShortcut: SC<\/strong>\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1214\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"446\"]\"\" Modify Toolbar[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1214\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"219\"]\"\" Modify Pull-down[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1214\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"286\"]\"\" Home Ribbon[\/caption]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    MUST KNOW: <\/strong>The STRETCH command requires the user to use a crossing or cross polygon window to select the objects. It moves the objects that are totally inside the window and stretches the objects that cross the window. A crossing or cross polygon window MUST be used at all times with the STRETCH command.<\/div>\n

    WORKALONG:\u00a0Stretching and Scaling Objects<\/h1>\n

    Step 1<\/h2>\nStart a new drawing using the template: 2D Layout English<\/span>.\n

    Step 2<\/h2>\nSave and name the drawing: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 24-1<\/span>.\n

    Step 3<\/h2>\nOn layer: Object<\/span>, draw the object shown in the figure. (Figure Step 3)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"629\"]\"\" Figure Step 3[\/caption]\n

    Step 4<\/h2>\nEnter the STRETCH command, as shown below, to stretch the object longer. (Figure Step 4A and 4B)\n\nCommand: STRETCH<\/strong>\n\nSelect objects to stretch by crossing-window or crossing-polygon...\n\nSelect objects:\n\nSpecify opposite corner: 4 found\n\n(Use a crossing window and locate it as shown in the figure. You MUST use a crossing window in the STRETCH command.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSelect objects:\n\nSpecify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: 0,0<\/strong>\n\nSpecify second point or <use first point as displacement>: @1,0<\/strong>\n\n(The lines that the crossing window cross are stretched 1 unit longer in the positive X direction. The lines totally inside the crossing window are moved 1 unit in the positive X direction.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"322\"]\"\" Figure Step 4A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"322\"]\"\" Figure Step 4B[\/caption]\n\n
    AUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong>Objects that cross the crossing window are stretched 1 inch longer and the objects that are totally inside the crossing window are moved 1 inch to the right.<\/div>\n

    Step 5<\/h2>\nEnter the STRETCH command, as shown below, to stretch the object higher. (Figure Step 5A and 5B)\n\nCommand: STRETCH<\/strong>\n\nSelect objects to stretch by crossing-window or crossing-polygon...\n\nSelect objects:\n\nSpecify opposite corner: 4 found\n\n(Use a crossing window and locate it as shown in the figure)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSelect objects:\n\nSpecify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: 0,0<\/strong>\n\nSpecify second point or <use first point as displacement>: @0,1.5<\/strong>\n\n(The lines that the crossing window cross are stretched 1.5 units in the positive Y direction and the lines and circles that are totally inside the crossing window are moved 1.5 units in the positive Y direction.)<\/span>\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"406\"]\"\" Figure Step 5A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"306\"]\"\" Figure Step 5B[\/caption]\n

    Step 6<\/h2>\nEnter the STRETCH command, as shown below, to stretch the object. (Figure Step 6A, 6B, and 6C)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"292\"]\"\" Figure Step 6A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"283\"]\"\" Figure Step 6B[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"252\"]\"\" Figure Step 6C[\/caption]\n\nCommand: STRETCH<\/strong>\n\nSelect objects to stretch by crossing-window or crossing-polygon...\n\nSelect objects:\n\nSpecify opposite corner: 3 found\n\n(Use a crossing window and locate it as shown in the figure.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSelect objects:\n\nSpecify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: (end) <\/em><\/span>\n\n(Snap to the end of the line.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSpecify second point or <use first point as displacement>: @1,0<\/strong>\n\n(The lines that the crossing window crosses are stretched 1 unit, one longer and one shorter. The three lines inside the crossing window are moved 1 unit in the positive X direction.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"292\"]\"\" Figure Step 6A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"283\"]\"\" Figure Step 6B[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"252\"]\"\" Figure Step 6C[\/caption]\n\n
    AUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong>As you can see, lines can stretched longer or shorter.<\/div>\n

    Step 7<\/h2>\nUsing what you already learned, use the STRETCH command to stretch the object to match Figure Step 7A. See Figure Step 7B for the location of the cross polygon window that you have to use. (Figure Step 7A, 7B, and 7C)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"412\"]\"\" Figure Step 7A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"350\"]\"\" Figure Step 7B[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]\"\" Figure Step 7C[\/caption]\n

    Step 8<\/h2>\nUsing what you already learned, use the STRETCH command to stretch the object to match Figure Step 8A. See Figure Step 8B for the location of the cross polygon window that you have to use. (Figure Step 8A, 8B, and 8C)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"387\"]\"\" Figure Step 8A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"362\"]\"\" Figure Step 8B[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"368\"]\"\" Figure Step 8C[\/caption]\n

    Step 9<\/h2>\nUsing what you already learned, use the MIRROR command to mirror the object to match Figure Step 9A. (Figure Step 9A and 9B)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"600\"]\"\" Figure Step 9A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"600\"]\"\" Figure Step 9B[\/caption]\n

    Step 10<\/h2>\nEnter the SCALE command, as shown below, to scale the object on the right by a scale factor of 0.5. (Figure Step 10A, 10B, and 10C)\n\nCommand: SCALE<\/strong>\n\nSelect objects:\n\nSpecify opposite corner: 13 found\n\n(Select the objects to be scaled in a window.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSelect objects:\n\nSpecify base point: (end)<\/em><\/span>\n\n(Snap to the end of bottom left line to establish the base point. This point will remain at the same location and the remainder of the object will be scaled.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSpecify scale factor or [Copy\/Reference] <1.0000>: 0.5<\/strong>\n\n(Scale the object by a scale factor of one-half.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"559\"]\"\" Figure Step 10A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"495\"]\"\" Figure Step 10B[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"360\"]\"\" Figure Step 10C[\/caption]\n\n
    AUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong>You must be careful when using a scale factor. When you apply a scale factor of 0.5, you are scaling the object by one-half the height and one-half the width. Therefore, the object will be one-quarter of the size it was before the scale. The opposite happens when you scale the object larger. For example, when you apply the scale factor of 2, it scales the object 2 times the width and 2 times the height making the object 4 times its size before the scale.<\/div>\n

    Step 11<\/h2>\nOn layer: Construction<\/span>, enable Ortho mode and draw two lines. Snap to the endpoints of existing lines, as shown in the figure, drawing one vertical line and one horizontal line. The length of the lines is not important but they must intersect. (Figure Step 11)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"412\"]\"\" Figure Step 11[\/caption]\n

    Step 12<\/h2>\nEnter the SCALE command, as shown below, to scale using the Reference option. (Figure Step 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, and 12E)\n\nCommand: SCALE<\/strong>\n\nSelect objects:\n\nSpecify opposite corner: 13 found\n\n(Select the object on the right using a window as shown Figure Step 12A.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSelect objects:\n\nSpecify base point: (end)<\/em><\/span>\n\n(Snap to the end of the line for the base point.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSpecify scale factor or [Copy\/Reference] <1.5000>: R<\/strong>\n\n(Use a Reference.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSpecify reference length <1.0000>: (end)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSpecify second point: (end)<\/span><\/em>\n\n (Specifying a reference length.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSpecify new length or [Points] <1.0000>: (end)<\/span> <\/em>\n\n(Specifying the new length of <\/em>the reference length.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"483\"]\"\" Figure Step 12A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"446\"]\"\" Figure Step 12B[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"446\"]\"\" Figure Step 12C[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"428\"]\"\" Figure Step 12D[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"500\"]\"\" Figure Step 12E[\/caption]\n\n
    AUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong>This example instructs AutoCAD to measure the distance between the two endpoints. It then calculates the scale factor using the distance between the locations selected.<\/div>\n

    Step 13<\/h2>\nSave and close the drawing.\n

    WORKALONG: Rotating and Scaling Objects<\/h1>\n

    Step 1<\/h2>\nStart a new drawing using the template: 2D Layout English<\/span>.\n

    Step 2<\/h2>\nSave and name the drawing: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 24-2<\/span>.\n

    Step 3<\/h2>\nOn layer: Object<\/span>, draw the object shown in the figure. (Figure Step 3)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"509\"]\"\" Figure Step 3[\/caption]\n

    Step 4<\/h2>\nOn layer: Construction<\/span>, draw a line from center of the large circle to the center of the medium circle as shown in the figure. (Figure Step 4).\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"210\"]\"\" Figure Step 4[\/caption]\n

    Step 5<\/h2>\nUsing the ROTATE command, rotate the large circle, using the Reference option, to line up the quad lines with the construction line. (Figure Step 5).\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"209\"]\"\" Figure Step 5[\/caption]\n

    Step 6<\/h2>\nUsing the ROTATE command, rotate the medium size circle, using the Reference option, to line up the quad lines with the construction line. (Figure Step 6).\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"210\"]\"\" Figure Step 6[\/caption]\n

    Step 7<\/h2>\nUsing the MOVE command, move the small circle snapping the bottom quad to the intersection of the medium circle and the construction line. (Figure Step 7)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"210\"]\"\" Figure Step 7[\/caption]\n

    Step 8<\/h2>\nUsing the ROTATE command, rotate the small circle, using the Reference option, to line up the quad lines with the construction line. (Figure Step 8)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"209\"]\"\" Figure Step 8[\/caption]\n

    Step 9<\/h2>\nUsing the SCALE command, scale the small circle, using the Reference option, to fit exactly between the other two circles. (Figure Step 9)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"209\"]\"\" Figure Step 9[\/caption]\n

    Step 10<\/h2>\nFreeze layer: Construction<\/span>. Your completed drawing should appear as shown in the figure. (Figure Step 10)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"209\"]\"\" Figure Step 10[\/caption]\n

    Step 11<\/h2>\nSave and close the drawing.\n

    Key Principles<\/h1>\n
    \n

    Key Principles in Module 24<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

    \n
      \n \t
    1. The STRETCH command requires that a crossing or cross polygon window be used to select the objects. It moves the objects that are totally inside the window and stretches the objects that cross the window. You MUST use a crossing or cross polygon window at all times with the STRETCH command.<\/li>\n \t
    2. The SCALE command can scale an object either larger or smaller by using a scale factor or a reference and let AutoCAD calculate the scale factor. The objects to be scaled is scaled around a base point. The base point is the only location that does not change as the objects are scaled around it.<\/li>\n \t
    3. A scale factor of 0.5 scales the object by one-half its height and one-half its width and therefore scales the object one-quarter of its original size.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      Lab Exercise 24-1<\/h1>\nTime allowed: 45 minutes.\n\n\n\n\n
      Drawing Name<\/th>\nTemplate<\/th>\nUnits<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      AutoCAD 2D Lab 24-1<\/td>\n2D Layout English<\/td>\nInches<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      Step 1<\/h2>\nOn layer: Object<\/span>, draw the object shown in the figure. (Figure Step 1A and 1B)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"500\"]\"\" Figure Step 1A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"278\"]\"\" Figure Step 1B
      Completed Drawing[\/caption]\n

      Step 2<\/h2>\nSet the insertion units and insert the key. Check your drawing for accuracy.\n

      Step 3<\/h2>\nCopy the completed object 7 inches in the positive X direction. (Figure Step 3)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"254\"]\"\" Figure Step 3[\/caption]\n

      Step 4<\/h2>\nUsing the STRETCH command only, edit the object on the right to match the figure. (Figure Step 4A and 4B)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"398\"]\"\" Figure Step 4A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"412\"]\"\" Figure Step 4B[\/caption]\n\n
      AUTHOR'S CONSTRUCTION HINTS:<\/strong> Do your best to complete the lab exercise drawing without using the following hints. If you get stuck and cannot complete it on your own, use the following hints to help you.<\/div>\n

      Hint 1<\/h2>\nTo draw the arc at the top, draw a construction line by snapping the first point to the center of the circle and the second point snapping it perpendicular to the inclined line. Draw a circle, on layer: Object<\/span>, snapping to the center of the circle for the center point and the end of the construction line for the radius. Trim the circle. (Figure Hint 1)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"657\"]\"\" Figure Hint 1[\/caption]\n\n
      AUTHOR'S COMMENTS<\/strong>: A line drawn from the center of the circle perpendicular to the inclined line locates the tangent point and the radius for the arc.<\/div>\n

      Hint 2<\/h2>\nSee the following steps to edit the object using the STRETCH command.\n

      Step 1<\/h2>\nStretch the object 1 inch in the positive Y direction. (Figure Hint 2 - Step 1)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]\"\" Figure Hint 2 - Step 1[\/caption]\n

      Step 2<\/h2>\nStretch the right side of the slot 0.25 inches towards the center. (Figure Hint 2 - Step 2)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]\"\" Figure Hint 2 - Step 2[\/caption]\n

      Step 3<\/h2>\nStretch the left side of the slot 0.25 inches towards the center. (Figure Hint 2 - Step 3)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]\"\" Figure Hint 2 - Step 3[\/caption]\n

      Step 4<\/h2>\nDraw construction lines using the dimensioned drawing in Step 1 as a reference. (Figure Hint 2 - Step 4)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"180\"]\"\" Figure Hint 2 - Step 4[\/caption]\n

      Step 5<\/h2>\nStretch the bottom of the slot using the construction lines to snap to. Do the same for the top of the slot. (Figure Hint 2 - Step 5)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"500\"]\"\" Figure Hint 2 - Step 5[\/caption]\n

      Lab Exercise 24-2<\/h1>\nTime allowed: 60 minutes.\n\n\n\n\n
      Drawing Name<\/th>\nTemplate<\/th>\nUnits<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      AutoCAD 2D Lab 24-2<\/td>\n2D Layout English<\/td>\nInches<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      Step 1<\/h2>\nOn layer: Object<\/span>, draw the object shown in the figures. This object will be referred to as the original object in this lab exercise. (Figure Step 1A and 1B)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"261\"]\"\" Figure Step 1A
      Completed Drawing[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"500\"]\"\" Figure Step 1B Dimensioned Drawing[\/caption]\n

      Step 2<\/h2>\nCopy and scale the original object in steps A to H: (Figure Step 2)\n\nA Copy the center to X4,Y9. Scale the inside array only. Use the scale factor of 1.5. Use the center as base point.\n\nB Copy the center to X4,Y13. Scale the whole object at a scale factor of 0.5. Use the center as base point.\n\nC Copy the center to X9,Y13. Scale the outside array only. Use a scale factor of 1.25 Use the center as base point.\n\nD Copy the center to X10,Y8.\n\nE Copy the center to X16.75,Y6.7. Scale the whole object at a scale factor of 2. Use the center as base point.\n\nF Copy the center to X16.5,Y13.5. Scale the inside array only at a scale factor of 3. Scale the outside array at a scale factor of 0.5. Use the center as the base point.\n\nG Copy the object and scale it to fit exactly between the existing objects B and C. Scale it to fit exactly between the midpoint on the arcs. Use the Reference option do not use math.\n
      AUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong>Draw a construction line between the centers of B and C.<\/div>\nH Copy the object and scale it to fit exactly between the closest distance between the two existing objects D and E. Rotate the object so the midpoints of the arcs are touching the existing objects. Use the Reference option. Do not use math.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"600\"]\"\" Figure Step 2[\/caption]\n\n
      \n\nAUTHOR'S CONSTRUCTION HINTS: <\/strong>Do your best to complete the lab exercise drawing without using the following hints. If you get stuck and cannot complete it on your own, use the following hints to help you.\n\n<\/div>\n

      Hint 1<\/h2>\nUsing the dimensioned drawing, complete the following steps:\n

      Step 1<\/h2>\nDraw 2 lines and an the arc.\n

      Step 2<\/h2>\nArray them 16 times.\n

      Step 3<\/h2>\nDeleted unwanted objects and insert two 0.05 radius fillets.\n

      Step 4<\/h2>\nDeleted the unnecessary objects.\n

      Step 5<\/h2>\nArray it 16 times.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"500\"]\"\" Figure Hint 1 - Step 1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Figure Hint 1 - Step 2[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"500\"]\"\" Figure Hint 1 - Step 3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Figure Hint 1 - Step 4[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"250\"]\"\" Figure Hint 1- Step 5[\/caption]\n

      Hint 2<\/h2>\nDraw construction lines from center to center of the objects to help you complete the drawing. (Figure Hint 2)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1268\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"600\"]\"\" Figure Hint 2[\/caption]","rendered":"
      \n
      \n

      Learning Outcomes<\/p>\n<\/header>\n

      \n
      \n

      When you have completed this module, you will be able to:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Describe how drawing objects are stretched and scaled to change their original shape and size.<\/li>\n
      2. Apply the STRETCH and SCALE commands to change the size and shape of existing objects by stretching or scaling them.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

        Stretching Objects<\/h1>\n

        The STRETCH command has many uses. Using this command is a good way to edit the shape of objects without having to erase and redraw portions of them as shown in Figure Step 24-1. Existing objects can be stretched larger or smaller.<\/p>\n

        The objects to be stretched MUST be selected using a crossing or cross polygon window. The objects that are totally inside the crossing or cross polygon window are moved and the objects that cross the window are stretched.<\/p>\n

        Scaling Objects<\/h1>\n

        The SCALE command can be also be used in many ways. An object can be scaled either larger or smaller by using a scale factor or by using a reference and letting AutoCAD calculate the scale factor. See Figure 24-2. The object to be scaled is scaled around a base point.<\/p>\n

        The base point is the only location that does not change as the object is scaled around it.<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure 24-1 Stretching<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure 24-2
        Scaling<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS:<\/strong> As soon as you able to identify when and where to use the STRETCH and SCALE commands, your drawing speed and productivity will increase.<\/div>\n
        \n
        \n

        AutoCAD Command: STRETCH<\/p>\n<\/header>\n

        The STRETCH command is used to stretch drawing objects either larger or smaller.<\/div>\n
        \n

        Shortcut: S<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Modify Toolbar<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Modify Pull-down<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Home Ribbon<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
        \n

        AutoCAD Command: SCALE<\/p>\n<\/header>\n

        \n

        The SCALE command is used to scale drawing objects, around a base point, either larger or smaller.<\/p>\n

        Shortcut: SC<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Modify Toolbar<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Modify Pull-down<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Home Ribbon<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        MUST KNOW: <\/strong>The STRETCH command requires the user to use a crossing or cross polygon window to select the objects. It moves the objects that are totally inside the window and stretches the objects that cross the window. A crossing or cross polygon window MUST be used at all times with the STRETCH command.<\/div>\n

        WORKALONG:\u00a0Stretching and Scaling Objects<\/h1>\n

        Step 1<\/h2>\n

        Start a new drawing using the template: 2D Layout English<\/span>.<\/p>\n

        Step 2<\/h2>\n

        Save and name the drawing: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 24-1<\/span>.<\/p>\n

        Step 3<\/h2>\n

        On layer: Object<\/span>, draw the object shown in the figure. (Figure Step 3)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 4<\/h2>\n

        Enter the STRETCH command, as shown below, to stretch the object longer. (Figure Step 4A and 4B)<\/p>\n

        Command: STRETCH<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select objects to stretch by crossing-window or crossing-polygon…<\/p>\n

        Select objects:<\/p>\n

        Specify opposite corner: 4 found<\/p>\n

        (Use a crossing window and locate it as shown in the figure. You MUST use a crossing window in the STRETCH command.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Select objects:<\/p>\n

        Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: 0,0<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify second point or <use first point as displacement>: @1,0<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (The lines that the crossing window cross are stretched 1 unit longer in the positive X direction. The lines totally inside the crossing window are moved 1 unit in the positive X direction.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 4A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 4B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong>Objects that cross the crossing window are stretched 1 inch longer and the objects that are totally inside the crossing window are moved 1 inch to the right.<\/div>\n

        Step 5<\/h2>\n

        Enter the STRETCH command, as shown below, to stretch the object higher. (Figure Step 5A and 5B)<\/p>\n

        Command: STRETCH<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select objects to stretch by crossing-window or crossing-polygon…<\/p>\n

        Select objects:<\/p>\n

        Specify opposite corner: 4 found<\/p>\n

        (Use a crossing window and locate it as shown in the figure)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Select objects:<\/p>\n

        Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: 0,0<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify second point or <use first point as displacement>: @0,1.5<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (The lines that the crossing window cross are stretched 1.5 units in the positive Y direction and the lines and circles that are totally inside the crossing window are moved 1.5 units in the positive Y direction.)<\/span><\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 5A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 5B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 6<\/h2>\n

        Enter the STRETCH command, as shown below, to stretch the object. (Figure Step 6A, 6B, and 6C)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 6A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 6B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 6C<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Command: STRETCH<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select objects to stretch by crossing-window or crossing-polygon…<\/p>\n

        Select objects:<\/p>\n

        Specify opposite corner: 3 found<\/p>\n

        (Use a crossing window and locate it as shown in the figure.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Select objects:<\/p>\n

        Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: (end) <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        (Snap to the end of the line.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Specify second point or <use first point as displacement>: @1,0<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (The lines that the crossing window crosses are stretched 1 unit, one longer and one shorter. The three lines inside the crossing window are moved 1 unit in the positive X direction.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 6A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 6B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 6C<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong>As you can see, lines can stretched longer or shorter.<\/div>\n

        Step 7<\/h2>\n

        Using what you already learned, use the STRETCH command to stretch the object to match Figure Step 7A. See Figure Step 7B for the location of the cross polygon window that you have to use. (Figure Step 7A, 7B, and 7C)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 7A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 7B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 7C<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 8<\/h2>\n

        Using what you already learned, use the STRETCH command to stretch the object to match Figure Step 8A. See Figure Step 8B for the location of the cross polygon window that you have to use. (Figure Step 8A, 8B, and 8C)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 8A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 8B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 8C<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 9<\/h2>\n

        Using what you already learned, use the MIRROR command to mirror the object to match Figure Step 9A. (Figure Step 9A and 9B)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 9A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 9B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 10<\/h2>\n

        Enter the SCALE command, as shown below, to scale the object on the right by a scale factor of 0.5. (Figure Step 10A, 10B, and 10C)<\/p>\n

        Command: SCALE<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select objects:<\/p>\n

        Specify opposite corner: 13 found<\/p>\n

        (Select the objects to be scaled in a window.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Select objects:<\/p>\n

        Specify base point: (end)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        (Snap to the end of bottom left line to establish the base point. This point will remain at the same location and the remainder of the object will be scaled.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Specify scale factor or [Copy\/Reference] <1.0000>: 0.5<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Scale the object by a scale factor of one-half.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 10A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 10B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 10C<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong>You must be careful when using a scale factor. When you apply a scale factor of 0.5, you are scaling the object by one-half the height and one-half the width. Therefore, the object will be one-quarter of the size it was before the scale. The opposite happens when you scale the object larger. For example, when you apply the scale factor of 2, it scales the object 2 times the width and 2 times the height making the object 4 times its size before the scale.<\/div>\n

        Step 11<\/h2>\n

        On layer: Construction<\/span>, enable Ortho mode and draw two lines. Snap to the endpoints of existing lines, as shown in the figure, drawing one vertical line and one horizontal line. The length of the lines is not important but they must intersect. (Figure Step 11)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 11<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 12<\/h2>\n

        Enter the SCALE command, as shown below, to scale using the Reference option. (Figure Step 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, and 12E)<\/p>\n

        Command: SCALE<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select objects:<\/p>\n

        Specify opposite corner: 13 found<\/p>\n

        (Select the object on the right using a window as shown Figure Step 12A.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Select objects:<\/p>\n

        Specify base point: (end)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        (Snap to the end of the line for the base point.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Specify scale factor or [Copy\/Reference] <1.5000>: R<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Use a Reference.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Specify reference length <1.0000>: (end)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Specify second point: (end)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

        (Specifying a reference length.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Specify new length or [Points] <1.0000>: (end)<\/span> <\/em><\/p>\n

        (Specifying the new length of <\/em>the reference length.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 12A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 12B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 12C<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 12D<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 12E<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong>This example instructs AutoCAD to measure the distance between the two endpoints. It then calculates the scale factor using the distance between the locations selected.<\/div>\n

        Step 13<\/h2>\n

        Save and close the drawing.<\/p>\n

        WORKALONG: Rotating and Scaling Objects<\/h1>\n

        Step 1<\/h2>\n

        Start a new drawing using the template: 2D Layout English<\/span>.<\/p>\n

        Step 2<\/h2>\n

        Save and name the drawing: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 24-2<\/span>.<\/p>\n

        Step 3<\/h2>\n

        On layer: Object<\/span>, draw the object shown in the figure. (Figure Step 3)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 4<\/h2>\n

        On layer: Construction<\/span>, draw a line from center of the large circle to the center of the medium circle as shown in the figure. (Figure Step 4).<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 5<\/h2>\n

        Using the ROTATE command, rotate the large circle, using the Reference option, to line up the quad lines with the construction line. (Figure Step 5).<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 5<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 6<\/h2>\n

        Using the ROTATE command, rotate the medium size circle, using the Reference option, to line up the quad lines with the construction line. (Figure Step 6).<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 6<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 7<\/h2>\n

        Using the MOVE command, move the small circle snapping the bottom quad to the intersection of the medium circle and the construction line. (Figure Step 7)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 7<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 8<\/h2>\n

        Using the ROTATE command, rotate the small circle, using the Reference option, to line up the quad lines with the construction line. (Figure Step 8)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 9<\/h2>\n

        Using the SCALE command, scale the small circle, using the Reference option, to fit exactly between the other two circles. (Figure Step 9)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 9<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 10<\/h2>\n

        Freeze layer: Construction<\/span>. Your completed drawing should appear as shown in the figure. (Figure Step 10)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 10<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 11<\/h2>\n

        Save and close the drawing.<\/p>\n

        Key Principles<\/h1>\n
        \n
        \n

        Key Principles in Module 24<\/p>\n<\/header>\n

        \n
          \n
        1. The STRETCH command requires that a crossing or cross polygon window be used to select the objects. It moves the objects that are totally inside the window and stretches the objects that cross the window. You MUST use a crossing or cross polygon window at all times with the STRETCH command.<\/li>\n
        2. The SCALE command can scale an object either larger or smaller by using a scale factor or a reference and let AutoCAD calculate the scale factor. The objects to be scaled is scaled around a base point. The base point is the only location that does not change as the objects are scaled around it.<\/li>\n
        3. A scale factor of 0.5 scales the object by one-half its height and one-half its width and therefore scales the object one-quarter of its original size.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

          Lab Exercise 24-1<\/h1>\n

          Time allowed: 45 minutes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
          Drawing Name<\/th>\nTemplate<\/th>\nUnits<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
          AutoCAD 2D Lab 24-1<\/td>\n2D Layout English<\/td>\nInches<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          Step 1<\/h2>\n

          On layer: Object<\/span>, draw the object shown in the figure. (Figure Step 1A and 1B)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Step 1A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \"\"
          Figure Step 1B
          Completed Drawing<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Step 2<\/h2>\n

          Set the insertion units and insert the key. Check your drawing for accuracy.<\/p>\n

          Step 3<\/h2>\n

          Copy the completed object 7 inches in the positive X direction. (Figure Step 3)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Step 3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Step 4<\/h2>\n

          Using the STRETCH command only, edit the object on the right to match the figure. (Figure Step 4A and 4B)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Step 4A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \"\"
          Figure Step 4B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          AUTHOR’S CONSTRUCTION HINTS:<\/strong> Do your best to complete the lab exercise drawing without using the following hints. If you get stuck and cannot complete it on your own, use the following hints to help you.<\/div>\n

          Hint 1<\/h2>\n

          To draw the arc at the top, draw a construction line by snapping the first point to the center of the circle and the second point snapping it perpendicular to the inclined line. Draw a circle, on layer: Object<\/span>, snapping to the center of the circle for the center point and the end of the construction line for the radius. Trim the circle. (Figure Hint 1)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Hint 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          AUTHOR’S COMMENTS<\/strong>: A line drawn from the center of the circle perpendicular to the inclined line locates the tangent point and the radius for the arc.<\/div>\n

          Hint 2<\/h2>\n

          See the following steps to edit the object using the STRETCH command.<\/p>\n

          Step 1<\/h2>\n

          Stretch the object 1 inch in the positive Y direction. (Figure Hint 2 – Step 1)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Hint 2 – Step 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Step 2<\/h2>\n

          Stretch the right side of the slot 0.25 inches towards the center. (Figure Hint 2 – Step 2)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Hint 2 – Step 2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Step 3<\/h2>\n

          Stretch the left side of the slot 0.25 inches towards the center. (Figure Hint 2 – Step 3)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Hint 2 – Step 3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Step 4<\/h2>\n

          Draw construction lines using the dimensioned drawing in Step 1 as a reference. (Figure Hint 2 – Step 4)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Hint 2 – Step 4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Step 5<\/h2>\n

          Stretch the bottom of the slot using the construction lines to snap to. Do the same for the top of the slot. (Figure Hint 2 – Step 5)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Hint 2 – Step 5<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Lab Exercise 24-2<\/h1>\n

          Time allowed: 60 minutes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
          Drawing Name<\/th>\nTemplate<\/th>\nUnits<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
          AutoCAD 2D Lab 24-2<\/td>\n2D Layout English<\/td>\nInches<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          Step 1<\/h2>\n

          On layer: Object<\/span>, draw the object shown in the figures. This object will be referred to as the original object in this lab exercise. (Figure Step 1A and 1B)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Step 1A
          Completed Drawing<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \"\"
          Figure Step 1B Dimensioned Drawing<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Step 2<\/h2>\n

          Copy and scale the original object in steps A to H: (Figure Step 2)<\/p>\n

          A Copy the center to X4,Y9. Scale the inside array only. Use the scale factor of 1.5. Use the center as base point.<\/p>\n

          B Copy the center to X4,Y13. Scale the whole object at a scale factor of 0.5. Use the center as base point.<\/p>\n

          C Copy the center to X9,Y13. Scale the outside array only. Use a scale factor of 1.25 Use the center as base point.<\/p>\n

          D Copy the center to X10,Y8.<\/p>\n

          E Copy the center to X16.75,Y6.7. Scale the whole object at a scale factor of 2. Use the center as base point.<\/p>\n

          F Copy the center to X16.5,Y13.5. Scale the inside array only at a scale factor of 3. Scale the outside array at a scale factor of 0.5. Use the center as the base point.<\/p>\n

          G Copy the object and scale it to fit exactly between the existing objects B and C. Scale it to fit exactly between the midpoint on the arcs. Use the Reference option do not use math.<\/p>\n

          AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong>Draw a construction line between the centers of B and C.<\/div>\n

          H Copy the object and scale it to fit exactly between the closest distance between the two existing objects D and E. Rotate the object so the midpoints of the arcs are touching the existing objects. Use the Reference option. Do not use math.<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Step 2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \n

          AUTHOR’S CONSTRUCTION HINTS: <\/strong>Do your best to complete the lab exercise drawing without using the following hints. If you get stuck and cannot complete it on your own, use the following hints to help you.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

          Hint 1<\/h2>\n

          Using the dimensioned drawing, complete the following steps:<\/p>\n

          Step 1<\/h2>\n

          Draw 2 lines and an the arc.<\/p>\n

          Step 2<\/h2>\n

          Array them 16 times.<\/p>\n

          Step 3<\/h2>\n

          Deleted unwanted objects and insert two 0.05 radius fillets.<\/p>\n

          Step 4<\/h2>\n

          Deleted the unnecessary objects.<\/p>\n

          Step 5<\/h2>\n

          Array it 16 times.<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Hint 1 – Step 1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Figure Hint 1 – Step 2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \"\"
          Figure Hint 1 – Step 3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Figure Hint 1 – Step 4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \"\"
          Figure Hint 1- Step 5<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Hint 2<\/h2>\n

          Draw construction lines from center to center of the objects to help you complete the drawing. (Figure Hint 2)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Hint 2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"author":90,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1269","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":1053,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1269","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/90"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1269\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1270,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1269\/revisions\/1270"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/1053"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1269\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1269"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1269"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1269"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1269"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}