{"id":1353,"date":"2021-03-01T17:13:57","date_gmt":"2021-03-01T22:13:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/chapter\/multiview-drawings\/"},"modified":"2021-11-03T16:45:30","modified_gmt":"2021-11-03T20:45:30","slug":"multiview-drawings","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/chapter\/multiview-drawings\/","title":{"raw":"Module 27: Multiview Drawings","rendered":"Module 27: Multiview Drawings"},"content":{"raw":"
\n

Learning Outcomes<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

\n\nWhen you have completed this module, you will be able to:\n
    \n \t
  1. Describe a multiview drawing, the glass box principle, the three standard views, object lines, and hidden lines.<\/li>\n \t
  2. From a 3D pictorial of an object, draw a multiview drawing using the three standard views.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\nNOTE: If you understand multiview drawings, hidden lines, and can draw the three standard views of an object skip this module and go directly to Module 28.<\/strong><\/span>\n

    Multiview Drawing<\/h1>\nThe drafting and design world uses a system of representing a three- dimensional object by drawing two-dimensional views. It is called a multiview drawing<\/em><\/span>. To explain this system of drawing, the 3D wireframe model shown in Figure 27-1 will be used. To draw a two- dimensional view of one side of the object, place a imaginary plane parallel to its side and project the view of the model (perpendicular) onto the plane. This is called orthographic projection<\/em><\/span>. Imagine the plane to a sheet of glass. See Figure 27-2.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"153\"]\"\" Figure 27-1
    Three Dimensional Wireframe Model[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"247\"]\"\" Figure 27-2
    Projecting the Two-Dimensional View[\/caption]\n

    The Glass Box Principle<\/h2>\nTo carry this principal further, place a plane on each side of the object for a total of six planes or sheets of glass to form a glass box. See Figure 27-3. Picture unfolding the glass box onto a flat two-dimensional plane as shown in Figure 27-4.\n\nAll six views are now visible at the same time. The six views are named Top, Front, Right Side, Left Side, Rear, and Bottom.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"226\"]\"\" Figure 27-3
    The Glass Box Principle[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"500\"]\"\" Figure 27-4
    The Glass Box Unfolded[\/caption]\n

    The Three Standard Views<\/h2>\nIn almost all objects, three views are adequate to describe it. In fact, there are many models that only need two views and some that only need one view to describe them.\n\nThe three standard views are the Top<\/em><\/span>,<\/span> Front<\/em><\/span>, and Right Side<\/em><\/span>. They must be drawn in the positions shown in Figure 27-5 and must align.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]\"\" Figure 27-5
    The Three Standard Views[\/caption]\n

    Picking the Standard Three Views<\/h2>\nThe three standard views are always selected as shown in Figure 27-6.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"365\"]\"\" Figure 27-6
    Picking the Three Standard Views[\/caption]\n

    Drawing the Views<\/h2>\nUsually it is best to draw the view with the most irregular shape first and then project lines to the other two views. For the object in Figure 27-7, the front view should be drawn first and then the top and right side views are projected.\n\nNotice how the views aligned. Figure 27-7 shows two different methods of projecting lines from the top view to the right side view or vise versa.\n\nThe distance between the views is not important and can be easily adjusted in AutoCAD using the MOVE command. In most cases, the distances are adjusted to accommodate dimensions and notes.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]\"\" Figure 27-7
    Two Methods for View Layout and Alignment[\/caption]\n

    Drafting Lesson: Object and Hidden Lines<\/h1>\nLines and features that can be seen in the views are drawn with continuous or solid lines. They are called object lines<\/em><\/span>. Even though they are called object lines, they can be circular in shape. To completely describe a model in a multiview drawing, you must also show all lines or features that are hidden in that view. They are called hidden lines <\/em><\/span>and their linetype is dashed. Study the multiview drawing below and take note how the holes going through the object are shown with hidden lines. See Figures 27-8 and 27-9.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"286\"]\"\" Figure 27-8
    The Model[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"433\"]\"\" Figure 27-9
    The Multiview Drawing of the Model[\/caption]\n

    WORKALONG: Drawing Multiviews<\/h1>\n

    Step 1<\/h2>\nStart a new drawing using the template: 2D Layout English<\/span>.\n

    Step 2<\/h2>\nSave and name the drawing: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 27-1<\/span>.\n

    Step 3<\/h2>\nSet the insert units to inches. Open the Insert dialogue box and insert the block: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 27-1<\/span>. (Figure Step 3)\n

    Step 4<\/h2>\nUsing The EXPLODE command, as shown below, explode the block you just inserted. Command: EXPLODE<\/strong>\n\nSelect objects: 1found\n\n(Select the grid)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSelect objects:\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"279\"]\"\" Figure Step 3[\/caption]\n

    Step 5<\/h2>\nLock layers: Grid<\/span> and Border Lines<\/span>. (Figure Step 5)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"301\"]\"\" Figure Step 5[\/caption]\n\n
    AUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong>By locking the Grid and Border Line layers, the drawing objects on those layers cannot be accidentally moved or deleted while you are completing the drawing.<\/div>\n

    Step 6<\/h2>\nDraw in the upper left area. On layer Object<\/span>, using the isometric drawing as the object to draw, draw the outline of the Front view of the model. (Figure Step 6A and 6B)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"226\"]\"\" Figure Step 6A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"250\"]\"\" Figure Step 6B[\/caption]\n\n
    AUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong>One grid on the isometric drawing is equal to one grid on the drawing. Draw the outline of the view. Do not worry about the lines on the inside of the object.\n<\/strong><\/div>\n

    Step 7<\/h2>\nDraw the outline of the Right Side view of the object. (Figure Step 7)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"250\"]\"\" Figure Step 7[\/caption]\n\n
    AUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong><\/strong>The lines of the right side view must line up horizontally with the Front view.<\/div>\n

    Step 8<\/h2>\nDraw the outline of the Top view of the object. (Figure Step 8)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"250\"]\"\" Figure Step 8[\/caption]\n\n
    AUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong>The lines of the Top view must line up vertically with the front view.<\/div>\n

    Step 9<\/h2>\nAdd the interior object lines in all views. (Figure Step 9)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"250\"]\"\" Figure Step 9[\/caption]\n

    Step 10<\/h2>\nOn layer: Hidden<\/span>, draw the hidden lines. In this drawing, only one line is required. (Figure Step 10)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"250\"]\"\" Figure Step 10[\/caption]\n

    Step 11<\/h2>\nOn layer: Text<\/span>, add the text 27-1 under the multiview drawing. Use text style: 2D Modules<\/span> at a height of 0.5 inches. (Figure Step 11)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"500\"]\"\" Figure Step 11[\/caption]\n

    Step 12<\/h2>\nSave and close the drawing.\n

    Key Principles<\/h1>\n
    \n

    Key Principles in Module 27<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

    \n
      \n \t
    1. The drafting and design world uses a system of representing a three-dimensional object by drawing two-dimensional views, called a multiview drawing.<\/li>\n \t
    2. The three standard views of a multiview drawing are the top, front, and right side.<\/li>\n \t
    3. When drawing a multiview drawing, the top, front and right side views of an object must be drawn in the correct position and must The distance between the views is not important.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      Lab Exercise 27-1<\/h1>\nTime allowed: 40 minutes.\n

      Step 1<\/h2>\nOpen drawing: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 27-1<\/span>. Using the SAVEAS command, save with the name: AutoCAD 2D Lab 27-1<\/span>. (Figure Step 1)\n

      Step 2<\/h2>\nOn layer: Object<\/span> and Hidden<\/span>, draw a multiview drawing using the standard three views of each of the five objects in Figure 27-2 to 27-6.\n

      Step 3<\/h2>\nCheck your answer in Figure 27-7. Do not look at the answer until you have completed your drawings.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"500\"]\"\" Figure Step 1[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"197\"]\"\" 27-2[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"218\"]\"\" 27-3[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"194\"]\"\" 27-4[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"239\"]\"\" 27-5[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"215\"]\"\" 27-6[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1352\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"560\"]\"\" Figure 27-7 Answers[\/caption]","rendered":"
      \n
      \n

      Learning Outcomes<\/p>\n<\/header>\n

      \n

      When you have completed this module, you will be able to:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Describe a multiview drawing, the glass box principle, the three standard views, object lines, and hidden lines.<\/li>\n
      2. From a 3D pictorial of an object, draw a multiview drawing using the three standard views.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

        NOTE: If you understand multiview drawings, hidden lines, and can draw the three standard views of an object skip this module and go directly to Module 28.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

        Multiview Drawing<\/h1>\n

        The drafting and design world uses a system of representing a three- dimensional object by drawing two-dimensional views. It is called a multiview drawing<\/em><\/span>. To explain this system of drawing, the 3D wireframe model shown in Figure 27-1 will be used. To draw a two- dimensional view of one side of the object, place a imaginary plane parallel to its side and project the view of the model (perpendicular) onto the plane. This is called orthographic projection<\/em><\/span>. Imagine the plane to a sheet of glass. See Figure 27-2.<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure 27-1
        Three Dimensional Wireframe Model<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure 27-2
        Projecting the Two-Dimensional View<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        The Glass Box Principle<\/h2>\n

        To carry this principal further, place a plane on each side of the object for a total of six planes or sheets of glass to form a glass box. See Figure 27-3. Picture unfolding the glass box onto a flat two-dimensional plane as shown in Figure 27-4.<\/p>\n

        All six views are now visible at the same time. The six views are named Top, Front, Right Side, Left Side, Rear, and Bottom.<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure 27-3
        The Glass Box Principle<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure 27-4
        The Glass Box Unfolded<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        The Three Standard Views<\/h2>\n

        In almost all objects, three views are adequate to describe it. In fact, there are many models that only need two views and some that only need one view to describe them.<\/p>\n

        The three standard views are the Top<\/em><\/span>,<\/span> Front<\/em><\/span>, and Right Side<\/em><\/span>. They must be drawn in the positions shown in Figure 27-5 and must align.<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure 27-5
        The Three Standard Views<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Picking the Standard Three Views<\/h2>\n

        The three standard views are always selected as shown in Figure 27-6.<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure 27-6
        Picking the Three Standard Views<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Drawing the Views<\/h2>\n

        Usually it is best to draw the view with the most irregular shape first and then project lines to the other two views. For the object in Figure 27-7, the front view should be drawn first and then the top and right side views are projected.<\/p>\n

        Notice how the views aligned. Figure 27-7 shows two different methods of projecting lines from the top view to the right side view or vise versa.<\/p>\n

        The distance between the views is not important and can be easily adjusted in AutoCAD using the MOVE command. In most cases, the distances are adjusted to accommodate dimensions and notes.<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure 27-7
        Two Methods for View Layout and Alignment<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Drafting Lesson: Object and Hidden Lines<\/h1>\n

        Lines and features that can be seen in the views are drawn with continuous or solid lines. They are called object lines<\/em><\/span>. Even though they are called object lines, they can be circular in shape. To completely describe a model in a multiview drawing, you must also show all lines or features that are hidden in that view. They are called hidden lines <\/em><\/span>and their linetype is dashed. Study the multiview drawing below and take note how the holes going through the object are shown with hidden lines. See Figures 27-8 and 27-9.<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure 27-8
        The Model<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure 27-9
        The Multiview Drawing of the Model<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        WORKALONG: Drawing Multiviews<\/h1>\n

        Step 1<\/h2>\n

        Start a new drawing using the template: 2D Layout English<\/span>.<\/p>\n

        Step 2<\/h2>\n

        Save and name the drawing: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 27-1<\/span>.<\/p>\n

        Step 3<\/h2>\n

        Set the insert units to inches. Open the Insert dialogue box and insert the block: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 27-1<\/span>. (Figure Step 3)<\/p>\n

        Step 4<\/h2>\n

        Using The EXPLODE command, as shown below, explode the block you just inserted. Command: EXPLODE<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select objects: 1found<\/p>\n

        (Select the grid)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Select objects:<\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 5<\/h2>\n

        Lock layers: Grid<\/span> and Border Lines<\/span>. (Figure Step 5)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 5<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong>By locking the Grid and Border Line layers, the drawing objects on those layers cannot be accidentally moved or deleted while you are completing the drawing.<\/div>\n

        Step 6<\/h2>\n

        Draw in the upper left area. On layer Object<\/span>, using the isometric drawing as the object to draw, draw the outline of the Front view of the model. (Figure Step 6A and 6B)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 6A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 6B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong>One grid on the isometric drawing is equal to one grid on the drawing. Draw the outline of the view. Do not worry about the lines on the inside of the object.
        \n<\/strong><\/div>\n

        Step 7<\/h2>\n

        Draw the outline of the Right Side view of the object. (Figure Step 7)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 7<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong><\/strong>The lines of the right side view must line up horizontally with the Front view.<\/div>\n

        Step 8<\/h2>\n

        Draw the outline of the Top view of the object. (Figure Step 8)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong>The lines of the Top view must line up vertically with the front view.<\/div>\n

        Step 9<\/h2>\n

        Add the interior object lines in all views. (Figure Step 9)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 9<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 10<\/h2>\n

        On layer: Hidden<\/span>, draw the hidden lines. In this drawing, only one line is required. (Figure Step 10)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 10<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 11<\/h2>\n

        On layer: Text<\/span>, add the text 27-1 under the multiview drawing. Use text style: 2D Modules<\/span> at a height of 0.5 inches. (Figure Step 11)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 11<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 12<\/h2>\n

        Save and close the drawing.<\/p>\n

        Key Principles<\/h1>\n
        \n
        \n

        Key Principles in Module 27<\/p>\n<\/header>\n

        \n
          \n
        1. The drafting and design world uses a system of representing a three-dimensional object by drawing two-dimensional views, called a multiview drawing.<\/li>\n
        2. The three standard views of a multiview drawing are the top, front, and right side.<\/li>\n
        3. When drawing a multiview drawing, the top, front and right side views of an object must be drawn in the correct position and must The distance between the views is not important.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

          Lab Exercise 27-1<\/h1>\n

          Time allowed: 40 minutes.<\/p>\n

          Step 1<\/h2>\n

          Open drawing: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 27-1<\/span>. Using the SAVEAS command, save with the name: AutoCAD 2D Lab 27-1<\/span>. (Figure Step 1)<\/p>\n

          Step 2<\/h2>\n

          On layer: Object<\/span> and Hidden<\/span>, draw a multiview drawing using the standard three views of each of the five objects in Figure 27-2 to 27-6.<\/p>\n

          Step 3<\/h2>\n

          Check your answer in Figure 27-7. Do not look at the answer until you have completed your drawings.<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Step 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \"\"
          27-2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \"\"
          27-3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \"\"
          27-4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \"\"
          27-5<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \"\"
          27-6<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \"\"
          Figure 27-7 Answers<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"author":90,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1353","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":1327,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1353","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/90"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1353\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1354,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1353\/revisions\/1354"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/1327"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1353\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1353"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1353"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1353"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1353"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}