{"id":744,"date":"2021-02-09T12:05:39","date_gmt":"2021-02-09T17:05:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/chapter\/offsetting-objects\/"},"modified":"2021-11-03T16:43:28","modified_gmt":"2021-11-03T20:43:28","slug":"offsetting-objects","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/chapter\/offsetting-objects\/","title":{"raw":"Module 15: Offsetting Objects","rendered":"Module 15: Offsetting Objects"},"content":{"raw":"
\n

Learning Outcomes<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

\n\nWhen you have completed this module, you will be able to:\n
    \n \t
  1. Apply the OFFSET command to insert objects parallel to existing objects.<\/li>\n \t
  2. Apply the ID command to establish temporary reference locations.<\/li>\n \t
  3. Describe and apply the object snap mode Perpendicular.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    Offsetting<\/h1>\nThe OFFSET command allows you to create a drawing object parallel to an existing drawing object at a specified distance from the original object. OFFSET is a powerful command and if used when applicable, will change the way you construct objects and improve your drawing productivity. The drawing objects lines, circles, and arcs can be offset plus many others that you will be learning later in the book.\n
    \n

    AutoCAD Command: OFFSET<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

    \n\nThe OFFSET command is used to create a drawing object parallel to an existing drawing object at a specified distance from the original object.\n\nShortcut: O<\/strong>\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_694\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"429\"]\"\" Modify Toolbar[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_694\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"219\"]\"\" Modify Pull-down[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_694\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"293\"]\"\" Home Ribbon[\/caption]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n

    AutoCAD Command: ID<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

    \n\nThe ID command is used to return the coordinate location for a point in Model or Paper space.\n\nShortcut: none\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_698\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"336\"]\"\" Inquiry Toolbar[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_698\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"388\"]\"\" Tools Pull-down[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_698\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"315\"]\"\" Home Ribbon[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_698\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"686\"]\"\" Figure 15-1
    Object Snap Mode - Perpendicular[\/caption]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    MUST KNOW:<\/strong> Using the ID command to set a reference point or the lastpoint is a useful drawing tool. Once you pick an ID point, ignore the actual coordinates. On the next command, use an @ to locate a coordinate location from the ID point.<\/div>\n

    WORKALONG: Offsetting Objects<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

    Step 1<\/h2>\nStart a new drawing using the template: 2D English.<\/span>\n

    Step 2<\/h2>\nSave and name the drawing: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 15-1<\/span>. (Figure Step 2)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"600\"]\"\" Figure Step 2[\/caption]\n

    Step 3<\/h2>\nCreate the layers: Object<\/span> and Construction<\/span>. Set layer: Construction<\/span> as the current layer.\n
    MUST KNOW: <\/strong>When a drawing object is offset, the newly constructed offset drawing object will reside on the same layer as the original object, regardless of the current layer. If you want the newly created object to be on a different layer than the original object, you will have to change it's properties after it is offset.<\/div>\n

    Step 4<\/h2>\nEnter the LINE command, as shown below, to create the outline of the object. (Figure Step 4)\n\nCommand: L<\/strong>\n\nSpecify first point: 4,4<\/strong>\n\nSpecify next point or [Undo]: @-2.5,0<\/strong>\n\nSpecify next point or [Undo]: @0,5.5<\/strong>\n\nSpecify next point or [Close\/Undo]: @4.5,0<\/strong>\n\nSpecify next point or [Close\/Undo]: @0,-2.5<\/strong>\n\nSpecify next point or [Close\/Undo]: @-2,0<\/strong>\n\nSpecify next point or [Close\/Undo]: C<\/strong>\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"172\"]\"\" Figure Step 4[\/caption]\n

    Step 5<\/h2>\nEnter the commands, as shown below, to draw the circles and fillets. (Figure Step 5A and 5B)\n\nCommand: C<\/strong>\n\nSpecify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: (mid) <\/em>P1<\/strong>\n\nSpecify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.1000>: (end) <\/em>P2 <\/strong>\n\n(When possible, it is always better to show AutoCAD a distance rather then entering it on the keyboard.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nCommand: C<\/strong>\n\nSpecify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: (mid)<\/span> <\/em>P1<\/strong>\n\nSpecify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.7500>: D <\/strong>\n\nSpecify diameter of circle <1.5000>: 1 <\/strong>\n\nCommand: F<\/strong>\n\nCurrent settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 0.0000\n\nSelect first object or [Undo\/Polyline\/Radius\/Trim\/Multiple]: R<\/strong>\n\nSpecify fillet radius <0.0000>: 0.75<\/strong>\n\nSelect first object or [Undo\/Polyline\/Radius\/Trim\/Multiple]: P3<\/strong>\n\nSelect second object or shift-select to apply corner: P4 <\/strong>\n\nCommand: F<\/strong>\n\nCurrent settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 0.7500\n\nSelect first object or [Undo\/Polyline\/Radius\/Trim\/Multiple]: R<\/strong>\n\nSpecify fillet radius <0.7500>: 0.5<\/strong>\n\nSelect first object or [Undo\/Polyline\/Radius\/Trim\/Multiple]: P5<\/strong>\n\nSelect second object or shift-select to apply corner: P6<\/strong>\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"240\"]\"\" Figure Step 5A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"218\"]\"\" Figure Step 5B[\/caption]\n

    Step 6<\/h2>\nUse the TRIM command to trim the circle. (Figure Step 6)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"219\"]\"\" Figure Step 6[\/caption]\n

    Step 7<\/h2>\nEnter the OFFSET commands, as shown below. (Figure Step 7)\n\nCommand: OFFSET<\/strong>\n\nCurrent settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source OFFSETGAPTYPE=0\n\nSpecify offset distance or [Through\/Erase\/Layer] <Through>: 0.5<\/strong>\n\n(Set the offset distance.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P10<\/strong>\n\n(Select the object to offset.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P11<\/strong>\n\n(Select which side of the object to offset it on.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P12<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P13<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>:P14<\/strong>\n\nCommand: OFFSET<\/strong>\n\nCurrent settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source OFFSETGAPTYPE=0\n\nSpecify offset distance or [Through\/Erase\/Layer] <0.5000>: 1.5<\/strong>\n\n(Set the offset distance.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P14<\/strong>\n\n(Select the object to offset.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>:P15<\/strong>\n\n(Select which side of the object to offset it on.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>:\n\nCommand: OFFSET<\/strong>\n\nCurrent settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source OFFSETGAPTYPE=0\n\nSpecify offset distance or [Through\/Erase\/Layer] <1.5000>: 2.75<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P16<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo]\n\n<Exit>:P17<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>:\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"319\"]\"\" Figure Step 7[\/caption]\n

    Step 8<\/h2>\nUsing the FILLET command, insert a 0.5 radius fillet on all four corners. (Figure Step 8)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"245\"]\"\" Figure Step 8[\/caption]\n

    Step 9<\/h2>\nEnter the OFFSET command, as shown below. (Figure Step 9)\n\nCommand: O<\/strong>\n\nCurrent settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source\n\nOFFSETGAPTYPE=0\n\nSpecify offset distance or [Through\/Erase\/Layer] <Through>: 0.5<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P26<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P27<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P28<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P29<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P30<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P31<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>:\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"232\"]\"\" Figure Step 9[\/caption]\n

    Step 10<\/h2>\nUsing what you already learned, trim the lines to finish the bottom cutout. (Figure Step 10A and 10B)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"213\"]\"\" Figure Step 10A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"214\"]\"\" Figure Step 10B[\/caption]\n

    Step 11<\/h2>\nEnter the OFFSET command, as shown below, to offset the inside feature. (Figure Step 11A and 11B)\n\nCommand: O<\/strong>\n\nCurrent settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source OFFSETGAPTYPE=0\n\nSpecify offset distance or [Through\/Erase\/Layer] <Through>: 0.25<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P32<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P34<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P35<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P36<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P37<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P38<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P39<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P40<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>:\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"291\"]\"\" Figure Step 11A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"291\"]\"\" Figure Step 11B[\/caption]\n\n
    USER TIP: <\/strong>It is faster to draw circles than it is to draw arcs. To improve your drawing speed, when an arc is required draw a circle instead. Then trim the circle to complete the required arc.<\/div>\n

    Step 12<\/h2>\nUse the ID command to establish a lastpoint. Enter the CIRCLE command immediately following to insert the four circles using the lastpoint as a reference. (Figure Step 12)\n\nCommand: ID<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point: (end) <\/em>P41<\/strong>\n\nX = 1.5000\n\nY = 4.000\n\nZ = 0.0000\n\n(The ID command establishes a known reference point or an @ or lastpoint.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nCommand: C<\/strong>\n\nCIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: @0.75,1.25<\/strong>\n\n(Now the @ can be used to measure the center of the circle from the end of the line selected in the ID command.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSpecify radius of circle or [Diameter]: D<\/strong>\n\nSpecify diameter of circle: 0.25 <\/strong>\n\nCommand: C<\/strong>\n\nCIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: @1,0 <\/strong>\n\nSpecify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.1250>: (Accept the default.)<\/span> <\/em>\n\nCommand: C<\/strong>\n\nCIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: @0,1 <\/strong>\n\nSpecify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.1250>: (Accept the default.) <\/em><\/span>\n\nCommand: C<\/strong>\n\nCIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: @-1,0<\/strong>\n\nSpecify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.1250>: (Accept the default.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nCommand:\n
    \n\nAUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong>Using the ID command to set a reference point is a very useful tool for you. Once you pick an ID point, ignore the actual coordinates. On the next command, use an @ to locate a coordinate location from the ID point. Make sure you understand the concept.\n\n<\/div>\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"274\"]\"\" Figure Step 12[\/caption]\n

    Step 13<\/h2>\nChange the layer of the objects that you want to reside on layer: Object<\/span>.\n

    Step 14<\/h2>\nFreeze layer: Construction<\/span> and your drawing should appear as shown in the figure. (Figure Step 14)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"266\"]\"\" Figure Step 14[\/caption]\n

    Step 15<\/h2>\nSave and close the drawing.\n

    WORKALONG: Drawing Construction Techniques<\/h1>\n

    Step 1<\/h2>\nStart a new drawing using the template: 2D English<\/span>.\n

    Step 2<\/h2>\nSave and name the drawing: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 15-2<\/span>. (Figure Step 2)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"600\"]\"\" Figure Step 2[\/caption]\n

    Step 3<\/h2>\nCreate the layers: Object<\/span> and Construction<\/span>. Set layer: Construction<\/span> as the current layer.\n

    Step 4<\/h2>\nUsing Figure Step 2 as an reference, draw lines to construct the perimeter of the object. (Figure Step 4)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"347\"]\"\" Figure Step 4[\/caption]\n

    Step 5<\/h2>\nUsing what you already learned, trim the lines to complete the outline. (Figure Step 5)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"271\"]\"\" Figure Step 5[\/caption]\n

    Step 6<\/h2>\nEnter the ID command, as shown below, to establish a lastpoint. Draw the circle using the reference point you established with the ID command. (Figure Step 6)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"252\"]\"\" Figure Step 6[\/caption]\n\nCommand: ID<\/strong>\n\npecify point: (end) <\/em><\/span>P1<\/strong>\n\nX = 2.0000\n\nY = 5.5000\n\nZ = 0.0000\n\n(The lastpoint or the @ being established.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nCommand: C<\/strong>\n\nSpecify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: @1,1.5<\/strong>\n\n(The center of the circle is now located using the reference point established in the ID command above. These commands must be entered back to back.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSpecify radius of circle or [Diameter] <2.6770>: D <\/strong>\n\nSpecify diameter of circle <5.3539>: 1\u00a0 <\/strong>\n\nCommand:\n

    Step 7<\/h2>\nEnter the OFFSET command, as shown below, to insert the inside offsets. (Figure Step 7)\n\nCommand: O<\/strong>\n\n(Shortcut for the OFFSET command)<\/em><\/span>\n\nCurrent settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source OFFSETGAPTYPE=0\n\nSpecify offset distance or [Through\/Erase\/Layer] <0.00>: 0.75<\/strong>\n\n(Setting the offset distance.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P2<\/strong>\n\nSpecify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P3<\/strong>\n\n(First the object is selected (P2) and then the side of the object (P3) to place the offset. The location for P3 can be anywhere as long as it is above the line to be offset.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSelect object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>:\n\n(With what you already learned, finish the other two offsets as shown in Figure Step 7.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"295\"]\"\" Figure Step 7[\/caption]\n

    Step 8<\/h2>\nEnter the CIRCLE command, as shown below, to insert a circle by snapping its center to the intersection of the offset lines. (Figure Step 8)\n\nCommand: C<\/strong>\n\nSpecify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: (int) <\/em><\/span>P8<\/strong>\n\n(Snap to locate the center of the circle at the intersection of the two offset lines.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSpecify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.5000>: .25<\/strong>\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"263\"]\"\" Figure Step 8[\/caption]\n

    Step 9<\/h2>\nDraw a line between the centers of the circles. (Figure Step 9)\n\nCommand: L<\/strong>\n\nSpecify first point: (cen) <\/em><\/span>P9<\/strong>\n\nSpecify next point or [Undo]: (cen) <\/em><\/span>P10<\/strong>\n\n(Draw a construction line by snapping to center point of the circles.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSpecify next point or [Undo]:\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"263\"]\"\" Figure Step 9[\/caption]\n

    Step 10<\/h2>\nExtend the construction line to the circle`s circumference. (Figure Step 10A and 10B)\n\nCommand: EX<\/strong>\n\nCurrent settings: Projection=UCS, Edge=Extend\n\nSelect boundary edges ...\n\nSelect objects or <select all>: P11 <\/strong>1 found\n\nSelect objects:\n\n(Press enter or space.)<\/em><\/span>\n\nSelect object to extend or shift-select to trim or\n\n[Fence\/Crossing\/Project\/Edge\/Undo]: P12<\/strong>\n\nSelect object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Fence\/Crossing\/Project\/Edge\/Undo]:\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"263\"]\"\" Figure Step 10A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"308\"]\"\" Figure Step 10B[\/caption]\n\n
    AUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong>The construction line was drawn from center to center and then extended to the circumference of the circle to locate the tangent point for the arc to be inserted. A line between centers locates the tangent point of the arcs.<\/div>\n

    Step 11<\/h2>\nDraw a circle snapping to the center of the large circle for its center location and snapping to the intersection of the construction line and the lower circumference of the small circle for the radius. (Figure Step 11)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"278\"]\"\" Figure Step 11[\/caption]\n\n
    AUTHOR'S COMMENTS:\u00a0<\/strong>If possible, always show AutoCAD a measurement instead of entering the number on the keyboard. Always snap to exiting geometry when you do this.<\/div>\n

    Step 12<\/h2>\nUsing the same principle that you learned in Step 11, insert the other two circles. Ensure that you snap one circle to the center of the small circle and the other to the intersection of the tangent line and circle circumference. (Figure Step 12A and 12B)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]\"\" Figure Step 12A[\/caption]\n\n
    AUTHOR'S COMMENTS:<\/strong> Circles were used rather then arcs because it is easier to draw circles than arcs. Once the circle is drawn, it can easily be trimmed to complete the arc. This is a much faster drawing technique.<\/div>\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]\"\" Figure Step 12B[\/caption]\n\n
    AUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong>In Step 11 and 12, you are showing AutoCAD the radius of the circles by snapping to the intersection of the construction line and circle. Whenever you can, always show AutoCAD and distance rather then typing it on the keyboard.<\/div>\n

    Step 13<\/h2>\nDraw a circle locating its center at the intersection of the large circle's centerline and the horizontal construction line. (Figure Step 13)\n\nCommand: C<\/strong>\n\nSpecify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: (int) P15<\/strong>\n\nSpecify radius of circle or [Diameter]: .25<\/strong>\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"392\"]\"\" Figure Step 13[\/caption]\n

    Step 14<\/h2>\nUsing what you already learned, trim the circles to complete the slot. (Figure Step 14)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"363\"]\"\" Figure Step 14[\/caption]\n

    Step 15<\/h2>\nEnter the LINE command, as shown below, to draw a line from the center of the larger circle and snapping perpendicular to the inclined line. (Figure Step 15)\n\nCommand: L<\/strong>\n\nSpecify first point: (cen) P16<\/strong>\n\nSpecify next point or [Undo]: perp <\/strong>to P17<\/strong>\n\n(It is much faster to type in the osnap mode perp then setting it in Autosnap.)<\/span><\/em>\n\nSpecify next point or [Undo]:\n\nCommand:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"356\"]\"\" Figure Step 15[\/caption]\n

    Step 16<\/h2>\nUsing what you already learned, offset the lines to create top feature. (Figure Step 16)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"312\"]\"\" Figure Step 16[\/caption]\n

    Step 17<\/h2>\nTrim the lines to complete the top cutout. (Figure Step 17)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"325\"]\"\" Figure Step 17[\/caption]\n

    Step 18<\/h2>\nChange the layer of the objects to layer: Object<\/span>. Freeze layer: Construction<\/span> to complete the drawing. (Figure Step 18)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"296\"]\"\" Figure Step 18[\/caption]\n

    Step 19<\/h2>\nSave and close the drawing.\n

    Key Principles<\/h1>\n
    \n

    Key Principles in Module 15<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

    \n
      \n \t
    1. The OFFSET command is a very useful command. When used at the right times, it will improve your drawing speed and change the way you construct objects in AutoCAD.<\/li>\n \t
    2. When a drawing object is offset, the newly constructed offset drawing object will reside on the same layer as the original object, regardless of the current layer.<\/li>\n \t
    3. The ID command can be used to established a known reference point or an @. The reference point can then be used, in the next command, to measure from.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      Lab Exercise 15-1<\/h1>\nTime allowed: 40 minutes.\n\n\n\n\n
      Drawing Name<\/th>\nTemplate<\/th>\nUnits<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      AutoCAD 2D Lab 15-1<\/td>\n2D English<\/td>\nInches<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
      Layering Scheme<\/span><\/span><\/caption>\n
      Layer Name<\/th>\nObjects on Layer<\/th>\nColor<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      Construction<\/td>\nConstruction objects<\/td>\n253<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Object<\/td>\nAll objects<\/td>\nRed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      Step 1<\/h2>\nDraw the object shown in the figure using the layering scheme. (Figure Step 1A and 1B)\n\n\"\"\n
      \n\nAUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong>Do not delete the construction lines.\n\n<\/div>\n \n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"341\"]\"\" Figure Step 1B Completed Drawing[\/caption]\n

      Step 2<\/h2>\nSet the insertion units and check the drawing's accuracy.\n

      Step 3<\/h2>\nTurn layer: Key<\/span> off and freeze layer: Construction<\/span>.\n

      Step 4<\/h2>\nSave and close the drawing.\n
      \n\nAUTHOR'S CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES: <\/strong>The following steps are the construction technique suggested by the author to help you learn how to construct objects using AutoCAD. It is only the suggested method and if you can complete the drawing accurately using a different construction technique, that is what is important. You may want to compare your construction technique with the authors.\n\n<\/div>\n\"\"\n
      AUTHOR'S CONSTRUCTION HINTS: <\/strong>Do your best to complete the lab exercise drawing without using the following hints. If you get stuck and cannot complete it on your own, use the following hints to help you.<\/div>\n

      Hint 1<\/h2>\nDraw the line perpendicular to inclined line and then offset the inclined line. Draw a circle with its center located at the intersection of the lines. Offset the perpendicular line using the radius of the circle as the distance and trim. (Figure Hint 1)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"575\"]\"\" Figure Hint 1[\/caption]\n

      Hint 2<\/h2>\nInsert offset lines as construction lines to locate the centers of the three circles. Then draw the lines tangent to the circles. (Figure Hint 2)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"120\"]\"\" Figure Hint 2[\/caption]\n

      Hint 3<\/h2>\nThe figure shows the construction lines. (Figure Hint 3)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"439\"]\"\" Figure Hint 3[\/caption]\n

      Lab Exercise 15-2<\/h1>\nTime allowed: 60 minutes.\n\n\n\n\n
      Drawing Name<\/th>\nTemplate<\/th>\nUnits<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      AutoCAD 2D Lab 15-2<\/td>\n2D Metric<\/td>\nMillimeters<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
      Layering Scheme<\/span><\/caption>\n
      Layer Name<\/th>\nObjects on Layer<\/th>\nColor<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      Construction<\/td>\nConstruction objects<\/td>\n253<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Object<\/td>\nAll objects<\/td>\nRed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      Step 1<\/h2>\nDraw the object shown in the figure using the layering scheme. (Figure Step 1A and 1B)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"600\"]\"\" Figure Step 1A[\/caption]\n\n
      \n\nAUTHOR'S COMMENTS: <\/strong>Do not delete the construction lines.\n\n<\/div>\n

      Step 2<\/h2>\nSet the insertion units and check the drawing's accuracy.\n

      Step 3<\/h2>\nTurn layer Key<\/span> off and freeze layer Construction<\/span>.\n

      Step 4<\/h2>\nSave and close the drawing.\n
      \n\nAUTHOR'S CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES: <\/strong>The following steps are the construction technique suggested by the author to help you learn how to construct objects using AutoCAD. It is only the suggested method and if you can complete the drawing accurately using a different construction technique, that is what is important. You may want to compare your construction technique with the authors.\n\n<\/div>\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"212\"]\"\" Figure Step 1B
      Completed Drawing[\/caption]\n\n\"\"\n
      AUTHOR'S CONSTRUCTION HINTS: <\/strong>Do your best to complete the lab exercise drawing without using the following hint. If you get stuck and cannot complete it on your own, use the following hint to help you.<\/div>\n

      Hint 1<\/h2>\nSee the figure and the following seven steps:\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"600\"]\"\" Figure Step 1[\/caption]\n

      Step 1<\/h2>\nDraw a construction line from the center of the bottom circle to the center of the upper circle.\n

      Step 2<\/h2>\nExtend the line to the upper circumference of the circle.\n

      Step 3<\/h2>\nDraw circles using the intersection of the tangent line and circle to show AutoCAD the radius.\n

      Step 4<\/h2>\nDraw the bottom circle at the intersection of the construction circle and line.\n

      Step 5<\/h2>\nTrim the circles.\n

      Step 6<\/h2>\nDraw the inner circles.\n

      Step 7<\/h2>\nOffset the arcs and trim to complete. (Figure Hint 1)\n

      Lab Exercise 15-3<\/h1>\nTime allowed: 40 minutes.\n\n\n\n\n
      Drawing Name<\/th>\nTemplate<\/th>\nUnits<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      AutoCAD 2D Lab 15-3<\/td>\n2D English<\/td>\nInches<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
      Layering Scheme<\/span><\/caption>\n
      Layer Name<\/th>\nObjects on Layer<\/th>\nColor<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
      Construction<\/td>\nConstruction objects<\/td>\n253<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Door<\/td>\nAll lines<\/td>\nBlue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      Step 1<\/h2>\nSet the LIMITS as follows:\n\nThe lower left corner to: 0.0,0.0\n\nThe upper right corner to: 100,150\n

      Step 2<\/h2>\nEnter the ZOOM Extents command.\n

      Step 3<\/h2>\nDraw the object shown in the figures using the layering scheme. (Figure Step 3A, 3B, and 3C)\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"500\"]\"\" Figure Step 3A[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"120\"]\"\" Figure Step 3B Exterior Door[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_743\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"150\"]\"\" Figure Step 3C
      Completed Drawing[\/caption]\n

      Step 4<\/h2>\nSet the insertion units and check your drawing with the key. Turn layer: Key<\/span> off and freeze layer: Construction<\/span>.\n

      Step 5<\/h2>\nSave and close the drawing.","rendered":"
      \n
      \n

      Learning Outcomes<\/p>\n<\/header>\n

      \n

      When you have completed this module, you will be able to:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Apply the OFFSET command to insert objects parallel to existing objects.<\/li>\n
      2. Apply the ID command to establish temporary reference locations.<\/li>\n
      3. Describe and apply the object snap mode Perpendicular.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

        Offsetting<\/h1>\n

        The OFFSET command allows you to create a drawing object parallel to an existing drawing object at a specified distance from the original object. OFFSET is a powerful command and if used when applicable, will change the way you construct objects and improve your drawing productivity. The drawing objects lines, circles, and arcs can be offset plus many others that you will be learning later in the book.<\/p>\n

        \n
        \n

        AutoCAD Command: OFFSET<\/p>\n<\/header>\n

        \n

        The OFFSET command is used to create a drawing object parallel to an existing drawing object at a specified distance from the original object.<\/p>\n

        Shortcut: O<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Modify Toolbar<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Modify Pull-down<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Home Ribbon<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
        \n

        AutoCAD Command: ID<\/p>\n<\/header>\n

        \n

        The ID command is used to return the coordinate location for a point in Model or Paper space.<\/p>\n

        Shortcut: none<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Inquiry Toolbar<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Tools Pull-down<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Home Ribbon<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure 15-1
        Object Snap Mode – Perpendicular<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        MUST KNOW:<\/strong> Using the ID command to set a reference point or the lastpoint is a useful drawing tool. Once you pick an ID point, ignore the actual coordinates. On the next command, use an @ to locate a coordinate location from the ID point.<\/div>\n

        WORKALONG: Offsetting Objects<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

        Step 1<\/h2>\n

        Start a new drawing using the template: 2D English.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Step 2<\/h2>\n

        Save and name the drawing: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 15-1<\/span>. (Figure Step 2)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 3<\/h2>\n

        Create the layers: Object<\/span> and Construction<\/span>. Set layer: Construction<\/span> as the current layer.<\/p>\n

        MUST KNOW: <\/strong>When a drawing object is offset, the newly constructed offset drawing object will reside on the same layer as the original object, regardless of the current layer. If you want the newly created object to be on a different layer than the original object, you will have to change it’s properties after it is offset.<\/div>\n

        Step 4<\/h2>\n

        Enter the LINE command, as shown below, to create the outline of the object. (Figure Step 4)<\/p>\n

        Command: L<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify first point: 4,4<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify next point or [Undo]: @-2.5,0<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify next point or [Undo]: @0,5.5<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify next point or [Close\/Undo]: @4.5,0<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify next point or [Close\/Undo]: @0,-2.5<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify next point or [Close\/Undo]: @-2,0<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify next point or [Close\/Undo]: C<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 5<\/h2>\n

        Enter the commands, as shown below, to draw the circles and fillets. (Figure Step 5A and 5B)<\/p>\n

        Command: C<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: (mid) <\/em>P1<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.1000>: (end) <\/em>P2 <\/strong><\/p>\n

        (When possible, it is always better to show AutoCAD a distance rather then entering it on the keyboard.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Command: C<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: (mid)<\/span> <\/em>P1<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.7500>: D <\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify diameter of circle <1.5000>: 1 <\/strong><\/p>\n

        Command: F<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 0.0000<\/p>\n

        Select first object or [Undo\/Polyline\/Radius\/Trim\/Multiple]: R<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify fillet radius <0.0000>: 0.75<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select first object or [Undo\/Polyline\/Radius\/Trim\/Multiple]: P3<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select second object or shift-select to apply corner: P4 <\/strong><\/p>\n

        Command: F<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 0.7500<\/p>\n

        Select first object or [Undo\/Polyline\/Radius\/Trim\/Multiple]: R<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify fillet radius <0.7500>: 0.5<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select first object or [Undo\/Polyline\/Radius\/Trim\/Multiple]: P5<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select second object or shift-select to apply corner: P6<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 5A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 5B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 6<\/h2>\n

        Use the TRIM command to trim the circle. (Figure Step 6)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 6<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 7<\/h2>\n

        Enter the OFFSET commands, as shown below. (Figure Step 7)<\/p>\n

        Command: OFFSET<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Current settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source OFFSETGAPTYPE=0<\/p>\n

        Specify offset distance or [Through\/Erase\/Layer] <Through>: 0.5<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Set the offset distance.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P10<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Select the object to offset.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P11<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Select which side of the object to offset it on.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P12<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P13<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>:P14<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Command: OFFSET<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Current settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source OFFSETGAPTYPE=0<\/p>\n

        Specify offset distance or [Through\/Erase\/Layer] <0.5000>: 1.5<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Set the offset distance.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P14<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Select the object to offset.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>:P15<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Select which side of the object to offset it on.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>:<\/p>\n

        Command: OFFSET<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Current settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source OFFSETGAPTYPE=0<\/p>\n

        Specify offset distance or [Through\/Erase\/Layer] <1.5000>: 2.75<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P16<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo]<\/p>\n

        <Exit>:P17<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>:<\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 7<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 8<\/h2>\n

        Using the FILLET command, insert a 0.5 radius fillet on all four corners. (Figure Step 8)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 9<\/h2>\n

        Enter the OFFSET command, as shown below. (Figure Step 9)<\/p>\n

        Command: O<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Current settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source<\/p>\n

        OFFSETGAPTYPE=0<\/p>\n

        Specify offset distance or [Through\/Erase\/Layer] <Through>: 0.5<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P26<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P27<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P28<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P29<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P30<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P31<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>:<\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 9<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 10<\/h2>\n

        Using what you already learned, trim the lines to finish the bottom cutout. (Figure Step 10A and 10B)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 10A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 10B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 11<\/h2>\n

        Enter the OFFSET command, as shown below, to offset the inside feature. (Figure Step 11A and 11B)<\/p>\n

        Command: O<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Current settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source OFFSETGAPTYPE=0<\/p>\n

        Specify offset distance or [Through\/Erase\/Layer] <Through>: 0.25<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P32<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P34<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P35<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P36<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P37<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P38<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P39<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P40<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P33<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>:<\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 11A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 11B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        USER TIP: <\/strong>It is faster to draw circles than it is to draw arcs. To improve your drawing speed, when an arc is required draw a circle instead. Then trim the circle to complete the required arc.<\/div>\n

        Step 12<\/h2>\n

        Use the ID command to establish a lastpoint. Enter the CIRCLE command immediately following to insert the four circles using the lastpoint as a reference. (Figure Step 12)<\/p>\n

        Command: ID<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point: (end) <\/em>P41<\/strong><\/p>\n

        X = 1.5000<\/p>\n

        Y = 4.000<\/p>\n

        Z = 0.0000<\/p>\n

        (The ID command establishes a known reference point or an @ or lastpoint.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Command: C<\/strong><\/p>\n

        CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: @0.75,1.25<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Now the @ can be used to measure the center of the circle from the end of the line selected in the ID command.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: D<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify diameter of circle: 0.25 <\/strong><\/p>\n

        Command: C<\/strong><\/p>\n

        CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: @1,0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.1250>: (Accept the default.)<\/span> <\/em><\/p>\n

        Command: C<\/strong><\/p>\n

        CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: @0,1 <\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.1250>: (Accept the default.) <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Command: C<\/strong><\/p>\n

        CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: @-1,0<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.1250>: (Accept the default.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \n

        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong>Using the ID command to set a reference point is a very useful tool for you. Once you pick an ID point, ignore the actual coordinates. On the next command, use an @ to locate a coordinate location from the ID point. Make sure you understand the concept.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 12<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 13<\/h2>\n

        Change the layer of the objects that you want to reside on layer: Object<\/span>.<\/p>\n

        Step 14<\/h2>\n

        Freeze layer: Construction<\/span> and your drawing should appear as shown in the figure. (Figure Step 14)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 14<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 15<\/h2>\n

        Save and close the drawing.<\/p>\n

        WORKALONG: Drawing Construction Techniques<\/h1>\n

        Step 1<\/h2>\n

        Start a new drawing using the template: 2D English<\/span>.<\/p>\n

        Step 2<\/h2>\n

        Save and name the drawing: AutoCAD 2D Workalong 15-2<\/span>. (Figure Step 2)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 3<\/h2>\n

        Create the layers: Object<\/span> and Construction<\/span>. Set layer: Construction<\/span> as the current layer.<\/p>\n

        Step 4<\/h2>\n

        Using Figure Step 2 as an reference, draw lines to construct the perimeter of the object. (Figure Step 4)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 5<\/h2>\n

        Using what you already learned, trim the lines to complete the outline. (Figure Step 5)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 5<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 6<\/h2>\n

        Enter the ID command, as shown below, to establish a lastpoint. Draw the circle using the reference point you established with the ID command. (Figure Step 6)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 6<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Command: ID<\/strong><\/p>\n

        pecify point: (end) <\/em><\/span>P1<\/strong><\/p>\n

        X = 2.0000<\/p>\n

        Y = 5.5000<\/p>\n

        Z = 0.0000<\/p>\n

        (The lastpoint or the @ being established.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Command: C<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: @1,1.5<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (The center of the circle is now located using the reference point established in the ID command above. These commands must be entered back to back.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <2.6770>: D <\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify diameter of circle <5.3539>: 1\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        Step 7<\/h2>\n

        Enter the OFFSET command, as shown below, to insert the inside offsets. (Figure Step 7)<\/p>\n

        Command: O<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Shortcut for the OFFSET command)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Current settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source OFFSETGAPTYPE=0<\/p>\n

        Specify offset distance or [Through\/Erase\/Layer] <0.00>: 0.75<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Setting the offset distance.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>: P2<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify point on side to offset or [Exit\/Multiple\/Undo] <Exit>: P3<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (First the object is selected (P2) and then the side of the object (P3) to place the offset. The location for P3 can be anywhere as long as it is above the line to be offset.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Select object to offset or [Exit\/Undo] <Exit>:<\/p>\n

        (With what you already learned, finish the other two offsets as shown in Figure Step 7.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 7<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 8<\/h2>\n

        Enter the CIRCLE command, as shown below, to insert a circle by snapping its center to the intersection of the offset lines. (Figure Step 8)<\/p>\n

        Command: C<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: (int) <\/em><\/span>P8<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Snap to locate the center of the circle at the intersection of the two offset lines.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.5000>: .25<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 9<\/h2>\n

        Draw a line between the centers of the circles. (Figure Step 9)<\/p>\n

        Command: L<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify first point: (cen) <\/em><\/span>P9<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify next point or [Undo]: (cen) <\/em><\/span>P10<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Draw a construction line by snapping to center point of the circles.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Specify next point or [Undo]:<\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 9<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 10<\/h2>\n

        Extend the construction line to the circle`s circumference. (Figure Step 10A and 10B)<\/p>\n

        Command: EX<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Current settings: Projection=UCS, Edge=Extend<\/p>\n

        Select boundary edges …<\/p>\n

        Select objects or <select all>: P11 <\/strong>1 found<\/p>\n

        Select objects:<\/p>\n

        (Press enter or space.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or<\/p>\n

        [Fence\/Crossing\/Project\/Edge\/Undo]: P12<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Fence\/Crossing\/Project\/Edge\/Undo]:<\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 10A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 10B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong>The construction line was drawn from center to center and then extended to the circumference of the circle to locate the tangent point for the arc to be inserted. A line between centers locates the tangent point of the arcs.<\/div>\n

        Step 11<\/h2>\n

        Draw a circle snapping to the center of the large circle for its center location and snapping to the intersection of the construction line and the lower circumference of the small circle for the radius. (Figure Step 11)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 11<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS:\u00a0<\/strong>If possible, always show AutoCAD a measurement instead of entering the number on the keyboard. Always snap to exiting geometry when you do this.<\/div>\n

        Step 12<\/h2>\n

        Using the same principle that you learned in Step 11, insert the other two circles. Ensure that you snap one circle to the center of the small circle and the other to the intersection of the tangent line and circle circumference. (Figure Step 12A and 12B)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 12A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS:<\/strong> Circles were used rather then arcs because it is easier to draw circles than arcs. Once the circle is drawn, it can easily be trimmed to complete the arc. This is a much faster drawing technique.<\/div>\n
        \"\"
        Figure Step 12B<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
        AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong>In Step 11 and 12, you are showing AutoCAD the radius of the circles by snapping to the intersection of the construction line and circle. Whenever you can, always show AutoCAD and distance rather then typing it on the keyboard.<\/div>\n

        Step 13<\/h2>\n

        Draw a circle locating its center at the intersection of the large circle’s centerline and the horizontal construction line. (Figure Step 13)<\/p>\n

        Command: C<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify center point for circle or [3P\/2P\/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: (int) P15<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: .25<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 13<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 14<\/h2>\n

        Using what you already learned, trim the circles to complete the slot. (Figure Step 14)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 14<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 15<\/h2>\n

        Enter the LINE command, as shown below, to draw a line from the center of the larger circle and snapping perpendicular to the inclined line. (Figure Step 15)<\/p>\n

        Command: L<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify first point: (cen) P16<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Specify next point or [Undo]: perp <\/strong>to P17<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (It is much faster to type in the osnap mode perp then setting it in Autosnap.)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

        Specify next point or [Undo]:<\/p>\n

        Command:<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 15<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 16<\/h2>\n

        Using what you already learned, offset the lines to create top feature. (Figure Step 16)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 16<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 17<\/h2>\n

        Trim the lines to complete the top cutout. (Figure Step 17)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 17<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 18<\/h2>\n

        Change the layer of the objects to layer: Object<\/span>. Freeze layer: Construction<\/span> to complete the drawing. (Figure Step 18)<\/p>\n

        \"\"
        Figure Step 18<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        Step 19<\/h2>\n

        Save and close the drawing.<\/p>\n

        Key Principles<\/h1>\n
        \n
        \n

        Key Principles in Module 15<\/p>\n<\/header>\n

        \n
          \n
        1. The OFFSET command is a very useful command. When used at the right times, it will improve your drawing speed and change the way you construct objects in AutoCAD.<\/li>\n
        2. When a drawing object is offset, the newly constructed offset drawing object will reside on the same layer as the original object, regardless of the current layer.<\/li>\n
        3. The ID command can be used to established a known reference point or an @. The reference point can then be used, in the next command, to measure from.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

          Lab Exercise 15-1<\/h1>\n

          Time allowed: 40 minutes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
          Drawing Name<\/th>\nTemplate<\/th>\nUnits<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
          AutoCAD 2D Lab 15-1<\/td>\n2D English<\/td>\nInches<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Layering Scheme<\/span><\/span><\/caption>\n
          Layer Name<\/th>\nObjects on Layer<\/th>\nColor<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
          Construction<\/td>\nConstruction objects<\/td>\n253<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Object<\/td>\nAll objects<\/td>\nRed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          Step 1<\/h2>\n

          Draw the object shown in the figure using the layering scheme. (Figure Step 1A and 1B)<\/p>\n

          \"\"<\/p>\n

          \n

          AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong>Do not delete the construction lines.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

           <\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Step 1B Completed Drawing<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Step 2<\/h2>\n

          Set the insertion units and check the drawing’s accuracy.<\/p>\n

          Step 3<\/h2>\n

          Turn layer: Key<\/span> off and freeze layer: Construction<\/span>.<\/p>\n

          Step 4<\/h2>\n

          Save and close the drawing.<\/p>\n

          \n

          AUTHOR’S CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES: <\/strong>The following steps are the construction technique suggested by the author to help you learn how to construct objects using AutoCAD. It is only the suggested method and if you can complete the drawing accurately using a different construction technique, that is what is important. You may want to compare your construction technique with the authors.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

          \"\"<\/p>\n

          AUTHOR’S CONSTRUCTION HINTS: <\/strong>Do your best to complete the lab exercise drawing without using the following hints. If you get stuck and cannot complete it on your own, use the following hints to help you.<\/div>\n

          Hint 1<\/h2>\n

          Draw the line perpendicular to inclined line and then offset the inclined line. Draw a circle with its center located at the intersection of the lines. Offset the perpendicular line using the radius of the circle as the distance and trim. (Figure Hint 1)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Hint 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Hint 2<\/h2>\n

          Insert offset lines as construction lines to locate the centers of the three circles. Then draw the lines tangent to the circles. (Figure Hint 2)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Hint 2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Hint 3<\/h2>\n

          The figure shows the construction lines. (Figure Hint 3)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Hint 3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Lab Exercise 15-2<\/h1>\n

          Time allowed: 60 minutes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
          Drawing Name<\/th>\nTemplate<\/th>\nUnits<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
          AutoCAD 2D Lab 15-2<\/td>\n2D Metric<\/td>\nMillimeters<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Layering Scheme<\/span><\/caption>\n
          Layer Name<\/th>\nObjects on Layer<\/th>\nColor<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
          Construction<\/td>\nConstruction objects<\/td>\n253<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Object<\/td>\nAll objects<\/td>\nRed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          Step 1<\/h2>\n

          Draw the object shown in the figure using the layering scheme. (Figure Step 1A and 1B)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Step 1A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \n

          AUTHOR’S COMMENTS: <\/strong>Do not delete the construction lines.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

          Step 2<\/h2>\n

          Set the insertion units and check the drawing’s accuracy.<\/p>\n

          Step 3<\/h2>\n

          Turn layer Key<\/span> off and freeze layer Construction<\/span>.<\/p>\n

          Step 4<\/h2>\n

          Save and close the drawing.<\/p>\n

          \n

          AUTHOR’S CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES: <\/strong>The following steps are the construction technique suggested by the author to help you learn how to construct objects using AutoCAD. It is only the suggested method and if you can complete the drawing accurately using a different construction technique, that is what is important. You may want to compare your construction technique with the authors.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Step 1B
          Completed Drawing<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          \"\"<\/p>\n

          AUTHOR’S CONSTRUCTION HINTS: <\/strong>Do your best to complete the lab exercise drawing without using the following hint. If you get stuck and cannot complete it on your own, use the following hint to help you.<\/div>\n

          Hint 1<\/h2>\n

          See the figure and the following seven steps:<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Step 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Step 1<\/h2>\n

          Draw a construction line from the center of the bottom circle to the center of the upper circle.<\/p>\n

          Step 2<\/h2>\n

          Extend the line to the upper circumference of the circle.<\/p>\n

          Step 3<\/h2>\n

          Draw circles using the intersection of the tangent line and circle to show AutoCAD the radius.<\/p>\n

          Step 4<\/h2>\n

          Draw the bottom circle at the intersection of the construction circle and line.<\/p>\n

          Step 5<\/h2>\n

          Trim the circles.<\/p>\n

          Step 6<\/h2>\n

          Draw the inner circles.<\/p>\n

          Step 7<\/h2>\n

          Offset the arcs and trim to complete. (Figure Hint 1)<\/p>\n

          Lab Exercise 15-3<\/h1>\n

          Time allowed: 40 minutes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
          Drawing Name<\/th>\nTemplate<\/th>\nUnits<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
          AutoCAD 2D Lab 15-3<\/td>\n2D English<\/td>\nInches<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Layering Scheme<\/span><\/caption>\n
          Layer Name<\/th>\nObjects on Layer<\/th>\nColor<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
          Construction<\/td>\nConstruction objects<\/td>\n253<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Door<\/td>\nAll lines<\/td>\nBlue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          Step 1<\/h2>\n

          Set the LIMITS as follows:<\/p>\n

          The lower left corner to: 0.0,0.0<\/p>\n

          The upper right corner to: 100,150<\/p>\n

          Step 2<\/h2>\n

          Enter the ZOOM Extents command.<\/p>\n

          Step 3<\/h2>\n

          Draw the object shown in the figures using the layering scheme. (Figure Step 3A, 3B, and 3C)<\/p>\n

          \"\"
          Figure Step 3A<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \"\"
          Figure Step 3B Exterior Door<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
          \"\"
          Figure Step 3C
          Completed Drawing<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

          Step 4<\/h2>\n

          Set the insertion units and check your drawing with the key. Turn layer: Key<\/span> off and freeze layer: Construction<\/span>.<\/p>\n

          Step 5<\/h2>\n

          Save and close the drawing.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":90,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-744","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":514,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/744","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/90"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/744\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":745,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/744\/revisions\/745"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/514"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/744\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=744"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=744"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=744"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/autocad2d\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=744"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}