{"id":2153,"date":"2014-09-29T21:32:38","date_gmt":"2014-09-29T21:32:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=2153"},"modified":"2019-07-08T18:00:03","modified_gmt":"2019-07-08T18:00:03","slug":"biography-26","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/chapter\/biography-26\/","title":{"raw":"Biography","rendered":"Biography"},"content":{"raw":"[caption id=\"attachment_1070\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"362\"]<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2014\/08\/George_Orwell_press_photo.jpg\"><img class=\"wp-image-1070 size-full\" alt=\"George Orwell\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2014\/08\/George_Orwell_press_photo.jpg\" height=\"503\" width=\"362\" \/><\/a> <a name=\"Figure1\"><\/a>Figure 1: George Orwell.[\/caption]\r\n\r\nEric Arthur Blair, born in India on June 25, 1903, and known by his pen name, George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist, and critic. His work is marked by lucid prose, awareness of social injustice, opposition to totalitarianism, and commitment to democratic socialism.\r\n\r\nCommonly ranked as one of the most influential English writers of the 20th century, and as one of the most important chroniclers of English culture of his generation, Orwell wrote literary criticism, poetry, fiction, and polemical journalism. He is best known for the dystopian novel <em>Nineteen Eighty-Four<\/em> (1949) and the allegorical novella <em>Animal Farm<\/em> (1945). His book <em>Homage to Catalonia<\/em> (1938), an account of his experiences in the Spanish Civil War, is widely acclaimed, as are his numerous essays on politics, literature, language, and culture. In 2008, <em>The Times<\/em> ranked him second on a list of the 50 greatest British writers since 1945.\r\n\r\nOrwell's work continues to influence popular and political culture, and the term Orwellian \u2014 descriptive of totalitarian or authoritarian social practices \u2014 has entered the language together with several of his neologisms, including \"cold war,\" \"Big Brother,\" \"thought police,\" \"Room 101,\" \"doublethink,\" and \"thought crime.\"\r\n\r\nGeorge Orwell died on January 21, 1950, in London, England.\r\n\r\nFrom <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Orwell\">Wikipedia<\/a>","rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_1070\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1070\" style=\"width: 362px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2014\/08\/George_Orwell_press_photo.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1070 size-full\" alt=\"George Orwell\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2014\/08\/George_Orwell_press_photo.jpg\" height=\"503\" width=\"362\" srcset=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2014\/08\/George_Orwell_press_photo.jpg 362w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2014\/08\/George_Orwell_press_photo-215x300.jpg 215w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2014\/08\/George_Orwell_press_photo-65x90.jpg 65w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2014\/08\/George_Orwell_press_photo-225x312.jpg 225w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2014\/08\/George_Orwell_press_photo-350x486.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 362px) 100vw, 362px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1070\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a name=\"Figure1\" id=\"Figure1\"><\/a>Figure 1: George Orwell.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Eric Arthur Blair, born in India on June 25, 1903, and known by his pen name, George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist, and critic. His work is marked by lucid prose, awareness of social injustice, opposition to totalitarianism, and commitment to democratic socialism.<\/p>\n<p>Commonly ranked as one of the most influential English writers of the 20th century, and as one of the most important chroniclers of English culture of his generation, Orwell wrote literary criticism, poetry, fiction, and polemical journalism. He is best known for the dystopian novel <em>Nineteen Eighty-Four<\/em> (1949) and the allegorical novella <em>Animal Farm<\/em> (1945). His book <em>Homage to Catalonia<\/em> (1938), an account of his experiences in the Spanish Civil War, is widely acclaimed, as are his numerous essays on politics, literature, language, and culture. In 2008, <em>The Times<\/em> ranked him second on a list of the 50 greatest British writers since 1945.<\/p>\n<p>Orwell&#8217;s work continues to influence popular and political culture, and the term Orwellian \u2014 descriptive of totalitarian or authoritarian social practices \u2014 has entered the language together with several of his neologisms, including &#8220;cold war,&#8221; &#8220;Big Brother,&#8221; &#8220;thought police,&#8221; &#8220;Room 101,&#8221; &#8220;doublethink,&#8221; and &#8220;thought crime.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>George Orwell died on January 21, 1950, in London, England.<\/p>\n<p>From <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Orwell\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"media-attributions clear\" prefix:cc=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/ns#\" prefix:dc=\"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/\"><h2>Media Attributions<\/h2><ul><li about=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:George_Orwell_press_photo.jpg\"><a rel=\"cc:attributionURL\" href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:George_Orwell_press_photo.jpg\" property=\"dc:title\">George_Orwell_press_photo<\/a>  &copy;  Branch of the National Union of Journalists (BNUJ)    is licensed under a  <a rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/\">Public Domain<\/a> license<\/li><\/ul><\/div>","protected":false},"author":17,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-2153","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":1064,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2153","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2153\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2609,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2153\/revisions\/2609"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/1064"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2153\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2153"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=2153"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=2153"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/englishliterature\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=2153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}