{"id":1647,"date":"2024-09-26T18:30:00","date_gmt":"2024-09-26T22:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/chapter\/introduction-7-2\/"},"modified":"2024-10-01T18:24:36","modified_gmt":"2024-10-01T22:24:36","slug":"introduction-7","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/chapter\/introduction-7\/","title":{"raw":"7.1 Introduction","rendered":"7.1 Introduction"},"content":{"raw":"The elimination of waste products from the body is a basic need. It is also a natural process, and most healthy people have regular fecal and urinary elimination habits. When people become dependent on others for care, elimination habits are often disrupted, and control can be lost. As HCA students, you will become familiar with alternative ways of assisting clients with their elimination needs.\r\n\r\nWhen assisting clients with urinary and bowel elimination, it is important to understand what type of care activity is required to help the client meet their needs. There are two types of care activities:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Tasks: care activities that HCAs are educated and trained to perform as part of their assigned HCA role (for example, assisting a client to use the toilet).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Restricted activities: higher-risk care activities outlined in health professional regulations that an HCA cannot perform without authorization (delegation) by a regulated health professional, such as a registered nurse (for example, giving a rectal suppository or enema). Restricted activities are not considered HCA tasks.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Learning Objectives<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Upon completion of this unit<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">, the successful student will be able to:<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Describe the guidelines for maintaining normal urinary and bowel elimination.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: left;\">List the required observations for urine and bowel movements.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: left;\">List factors affecting urinary and bowel elimination.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Describe the care required by clients experiencing elimination problems (catheters, suppositories, enemas, ostomies).<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Describe procedures for collecting urine and stool specimens.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Terms to Know<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"586\"]Bedpan[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"403\"]Bladder[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"483\"]Colostomy[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"551\"]Condom catheter[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"438\"]Constipation[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"433\"]Defecation[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"436\"]Diarrhea[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"459\"]Excreted[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1028\"]Fecal impaction[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"437\"]Fecal incontinence[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"434\"]Feces[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"452\"]Flatulence[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"481\"]Flatus[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"418\"]Foreskin[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"550\"]Frequency[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"485\"]Ileostomy[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"601\"]Indwelling catheter[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1913\"]Meatus[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"435\"]Stool[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"482\"]Ostomy[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1029\"]Peristalsis[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"423\"]Shaft[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">[pb_glossary id=\"417\"]Uncircumcised[\/pb_glossary]<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"549\"]Urgency[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"507\"]Urinal[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"451\"]Urinate[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"553\"]Urinary incontinence[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"552\"]Urinary catheter[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"556\"]Void[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<p>The elimination of waste products from the body is a basic need. It is also a natural process, and most healthy people have regular fecal and urinary elimination habits. When people become dependent on others for care, elimination habits are often disrupted, and control can be lost. As HCA students, you will become familiar with alternative ways of assisting clients with their elimination needs.<\/p>\n<p>When assisting clients with urinary and bowel elimination, it is important to understand what type of care activity is required to help the client meet their needs. There are two types of care activities:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tasks: care activities that HCAs are educated and trained to perform as part of their assigned HCA role (for example, assisting a client to use the toilet).<\/li>\n<li>Restricted activities: higher-risk care activities outlined in health professional regulations that an HCA cannot perform without authorization (delegation) by a regulated health professional, such as a registered nurse (for example, giving a rectal suppository or enema). Restricted activities are not considered HCA tasks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Learning Objectives<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Upon completion of this unit<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">, the successful student will be able to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Describe the guidelines for maintaining normal urinary and bowel elimination.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">List the required observations for urine and bowel movements.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">List factors affecting urinary and bowel elimination.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Describe the care required by clients experiencing elimination problems (catheters, suppositories, enemas, ostomies).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Describe procedures for collecting urine and stool specimens.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Terms to Know<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ul>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_586\">Bedpan<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_403\">Bladder<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_483\">Colostomy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_551\">Condom catheter<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_438\">Constipation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_433\">Defecation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_436\">Diarrhea<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_459\">Excreted<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_1028\">Fecal impaction<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_437\">Fecal incontinence<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_434\">Feces<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_452\">Flatulence<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_481\">Flatus<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_418\">Foreskin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_550\">Frequency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_485\">Ileostomy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_601\">Indwelling catheter<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_1913\">Meatus<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_435\">Stool<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_482\">Ostomy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_1029\">Peristalsis<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_423\">Shaft<\/a><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_417\">Uncircumcised<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_549\">Urgency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_507\">Urinal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_451\">Urinate<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_553\">Urinary incontinence<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_552\">Urinary catheter<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1647_556\">Void<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"glossary\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\" id=\"definition\">definition<\/span><template id=\"term_1647_586\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_586\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A container into which bowel or bladder elimination may occur. These devices are helpful for people who have mobility issues and have difficulty getting out of bed.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_403\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_403\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A muscular organ which stores urine.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_483\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_483\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A surgically created artificial opening between the colon and the abdominal wall.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_551\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_551\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A soft, flexible sheath that is placed over the penis and connected to tubing leading to a drainage bag. It is used to manage urinary incontinence.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_438\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_438\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Condition in which a person has delayed or infrequent bowel movements, and the stool is hard, dry, and difficult to pass.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_433\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_433\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The process of eliminating waste from the digestive tract.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_436\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_436\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Frequent and loose bowel movements that are often watery.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_459\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_459\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Eliminated or removed from the body.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_1028\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_1028\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Hard, dry stool that stays in the rectum.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_437\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_437\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The inability to control defecation.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_434\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_434\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Body waste material discharged through the anus.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_452\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_452\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Excessive flatus or gas in the intestinal tract.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_481\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_481\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Gas passed through the anus.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_418\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_418\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The outer skin that covers the end of the penis and can be retracted.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_550\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_550\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Refers to how often a person voids over 24 hours.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_485\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_485\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A surgically created artificial opening between the ileum (final section of the small intestine) and the abdominal wall.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_601\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_601\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A urinary tube (catheter) that is left in the bladder to drain urine. It is held in place by a water-filled balloon, which prevents it from falling out.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_1913\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_1913\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Urinary opening.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_435\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_435\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Feces excreted from the colon.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_482\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_482\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A surgically created artificial opening in the abdomen for elimination of feces or urine.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_1029\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_1029\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Muscular contractions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_423\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_423\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The long part of the penis.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_417\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_417\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A person who has not had the foreskin of the penis removed.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_549\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_549\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The feeling of needing to urinate.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_507\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_507\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A container or receptacle into which the client urinates. Handheld urinals are available to assist clients who have mobility issues.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_451\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_451\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>To empty urine from the bladder.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_553\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_553\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Loss of bladder control.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_552\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_552\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A tube inserted into the bladder through the urethra to drain urine.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1647_556\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1647_556\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>To empty urine from the bladder.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><\/div>","protected":false},"author":123,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[50],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1647","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":153,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1647","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/123"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1647\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1914,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1647\/revisions\/1914"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/153"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1647\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1647"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1647"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1647"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1647"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}