{"id":1769,"date":"2024-09-26T18:31:40","date_gmt":"2024-09-26T22:31:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/chapter\/introduction-9-2\/"},"modified":"2024-10-02T17:58:49","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T21:58:49","slug":"introduction-9","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/chapter\/introduction-9\/","title":{"raw":"9.1 Introduction","rendered":"9.1 Introduction"},"content":{"raw":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\">This unit covers care activities such as assisting with oxygen therapy and vital signs, and measuring height and weight. While administering oxygen is a restricted activity, as a Health Care Assistant you may be asked to care for clients receiving oxygen therapy. As an HCA you may also need to measure vital signs, such as taking a client's temperature or pulse or measuring their respiratory rate. Vital signs must be accurately measured because they tell us a great deal about a client's condition.<\/p>\r\nWhen assisting with oxygen therapy and vital signs, it is important to understand what type of care activity is required to help the client meet their needs and whether that care activity is within your HCA role. Remember, there are two types of care activities:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Tasks: care activities that HCAs are educated and trained to perform as part of their assigned HCA role. For example, measuring temperature, pulse, respiratory rates, and height and weight are all tasks.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Restricted activities: higher-risk care activities outlined in health professional regulations that an HCA cannot perform without authorization (delegation) by a regulated health professional, such as a registered nurse. Restricted activities are not considered HCA tasks. For example, administering oxygen is a restricted activity.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Learning Objectives<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<span class=\"TrackChangeTextInsertion TrackedChange SCXW12409334 BCX9\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW12409334 BCX9\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW12409334 BCX9\">Upon completion of this unit, the successful student will be able to:<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP TrackedChange SCXW12409334 BCX9\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true}\">\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Describe factors that affect oxygen needs.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Discuss the safe use of oxygen.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Identify oxygen concentrators, tanks (compressed oxygen) and liquate oxygen.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Demonstrate how to deal with oxygen tubing.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Describe vital signs.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Demonstrate the measurement and recording of vital signs.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Describe the importance of measuring height and weight.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Demonstrate the measurement and recording of height and weight.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Terms to Know<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1047\"]Alveoli[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1041\"]Anemia[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1064\"]Aorta[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1381\"]Apical pulse[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1046\"]Arteries[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1044\"]Asthma[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1056\"]Axillary[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1035\"]Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP)\u00a0[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1074\"]Blood pressure[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1061\"]Brachial[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1066\"]Bradycardia[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1048\"]Bronchial[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1062\"]Carotid[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1043\"]Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)\u00a0[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1036\"]Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)\u00a0[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1059\"]Dermal[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1076\"]Diastolic pressure[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1053\"]Febrile[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1045\"]Hemoglobin[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"424\"]Hyperthermia[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1051\"]Hypothalamus[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"581\"]Hypothermia[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1054\"]Oral[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1049\"]Oxygenation[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1037\"]Oxygen concentrator[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1072\"]Oxygen saturation[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1034\"]Peripheral vasoconstriction[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1033\"]Peripheral vasodilation[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1042\"]Pneumonia[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1050\"]Pulse[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1070\"]Pulse equality[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1069\"]Pulse force[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1073\"]Pulse oximeter[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1078\"]Pulse pressure[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1068\"]Pulse rate[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1067\"]Pulse rhythm[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1060\"]Radial pulse[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1058\"]Rectal[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1071\"]Respiration[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1077\"]Stroke volume[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1039\"]Supplemental oxygen[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1038\"]Suctioning[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1075\"]Systolic pressure[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1065\"]Tachycardia[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1052\"]Temperature[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[pb_glossary id=\"1057\"]Tympanic[\/pb_glossary]<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\">This unit covers care activities such as assisting with oxygen therapy and vital signs, and measuring height and weight. While administering oxygen is a restricted activity, as a Health Care Assistant you may be asked to care for clients receiving oxygen therapy. As an HCA you may also need to measure vital signs, such as taking a client&#8217;s temperature or pulse or measuring their respiratory rate. Vital signs must be accurately measured because they tell us a great deal about a client&#8217;s condition.<\/p>\n<p>When assisting with oxygen therapy and vital signs, it is important to understand what type of care activity is required to help the client meet their needs and whether that care activity is within your HCA role. Remember, there are two types of care activities:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tasks: care activities that HCAs are educated and trained to perform as part of their assigned HCA role. For example, measuring temperature, pulse, respiratory rates, and height and weight are all tasks.<\/li>\n<li>Restricted activities: higher-risk care activities outlined in health professional regulations that an HCA cannot perform without authorization (delegation) by a regulated health professional, such as a registered nurse. Restricted activities are not considered HCA tasks. For example, administering oxygen is a restricted activity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Learning Objectives<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><span class=\"TrackChangeTextInsertion TrackedChange SCXW12409334 BCX9\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW12409334 BCX9\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW12409334 BCX9\">Upon completion of this unit, the successful student will be able to:<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP TrackedChange SCXW12409334 BCX9\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Describe factors that affect oxygen needs.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the safe use of oxygen.<\/li>\n<li>Identify oxygen concentrators, tanks (compressed oxygen) and liquate oxygen.<\/li>\n<li>Demonstrate how to deal with oxygen tubing.<\/li>\n<li>Describe vital signs.<\/li>\n<li>Demonstrate the measurement and recording of vital signs.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the importance of measuring height and weight.<\/li>\n<li>Demonstrate the measurement and recording of height and weight.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Terms to Know<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1047\">Alveoli<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1041\">Anemia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1064\">Aorta<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1381\">Apical pulse<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1046\">Arteries<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1044\">Asthma<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1056\">Axillary<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1035\">Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP)\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1074\">Blood pressure<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1061\">Brachial<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1066\">Bradycardia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1048\">Bronchial<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1062\">Carotid<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1043\">Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1036\">Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1059\">Dermal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1076\">Diastolic pressure<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1053\">Febrile<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1045\">Hemoglobin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_424\">Hyperthermia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1051\">Hypothalamus<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_581\">Hypothermia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1054\">Oral<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1049\">Oxygenation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1037\">Oxygen concentrator<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1072\">Oxygen saturation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1034\">Peripheral vasoconstriction<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1033\">Peripheral vasodilation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1042\">Pneumonia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1050\">Pulse<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1070\">Pulse equality<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1069\">Pulse force<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1073\">Pulse oximeter<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1078\">Pulse pressure<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1068\">Pulse rate<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1067\">Pulse rhythm<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1060\">Radial pulse<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1058\">Rectal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1071\">Respiration<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1077\">Stroke volume<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1039\">Supplemental oxygen<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1038\">Suctioning<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1075\">Systolic pressure<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1065\">Tachycardia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1052\">Temperature<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_1769_1057\">Tympanic<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"glossary\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\" id=\"definition\">definition<\/span><template id=\"term_1769_1047\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1047\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Small sacs at the bottom of the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occur.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1041\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1041\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A deficiency in red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to the body\u2019s tissues. Anemia can cause fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1064\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1064\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The main artery that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1381\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1381\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The pulse found on the chest at the bottom tip or apex of the heart.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1046\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1046\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Blood vessels that bring oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body cells and tissues.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1044\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1044\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A condition that affects the airways of the lungs, causing them to become narrower and making it difficult to breathe.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1056\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1056\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Relating to the armpit.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1035\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1035\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A machine that\u2019s similar to a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device but has two pressure settings: one during inhalation and a lower setting during exhalation.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1074\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1074\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The amount of force exerted by the blood against artery walls.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1061\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1061\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The pulse found on the inner aspect of the upper arm.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1066\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1066\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A slow heart rate, less than 60 beats per minute.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1048\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1048\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Passageways that connect the trachea to the lungs.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1062\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1062\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Two main arteries that carry blood to the head and neck.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1043\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1043\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A chronic lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis contribute to COPD.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1036\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1036\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A device used for people who are able to breathe spontaneously on their own but need help in keeping their airway unobstructed while they sleep.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1059\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1059\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Relating to the skin.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1076\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1076\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1053\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1053\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>To have a body temperature of higher than 38\u00b0C.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1045\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1045\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A protein found in red blood cells that combines with oxygen to carry to cells and tissues of the body.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_424\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_424\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A condition in which the core body temperature is excessively higher than normal.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1051\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1051\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The portion of the brain that maintains the body\u2019s internal balance (homeostasis).<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_581\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_581\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A condition in which the core body temperature drops below 35\u00b0C.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1054\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1054\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Relating to the mouth.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1049\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1049\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The addition of oxygen to the human body.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1037\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1037\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A device that takes in air from the room and filters out nitrogen.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1072\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1072\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A measure of how much hemoglobin is bound to oxygen compared to how much remains unbound.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1034\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1034\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Narrowing of the blood vessels in the extremities, such as the hands and feet.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1033\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1033\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Widening of the blood vessels in the extremities, such as the hands and feet.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1042\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1042\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>An infection of the lungs caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1050\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1050\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The beat of the heart that is felt at an artery as blood passes through.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1070\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1070\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Refers to whether the pulse force is similar on both sides of the body.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1069\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1069\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The strength of the pulse felt by your fingers.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1073\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1073\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>An electronic device that measures oxygen saturation.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1078\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1078\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1068\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1068\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The number of pulsations felt over an artery in one minute.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1067\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1067\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The pattern of the pulse felt by your fingers.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1060\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1060\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The pulse found in the radial artery between the wrist bone and the tendon on the thumb side of the wrist.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1058\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1058\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Relating to the rectum, the last several centimetres of the large intestine.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1071\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1071\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The process of inhalation and exhalation that moves oxygen to the cells and removes carbon dioxide.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1077\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1077\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The amount of blood pumped out of the left bentricle of the heart during each contraction.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1039\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1039\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Providing extra or additional oxygen.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1038\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1038\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A method of removing mucous from the mouth and\/or lungs.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1075\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1075\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1065\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1065\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A fast heart rate, over 100 beats per minute.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1052\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1052\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>The degree of hear or cold in an object or a human body.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_1769_1057\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_1769_1057\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>Relating to the eardrum.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><\/div>","protected":false},"author":123,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[50],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1769","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":282,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1769","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/123"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1769\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1939,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1769\/revisions\/1939"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/282"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1769\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1769"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1769"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1769"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1769"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}