{"id":19,"date":"2020-12-04T18:15:51","date_gmt":"2020-12-04T23:15:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/front-matter\/introduction\/"},"modified":"2024-09-26T18:21:22","modified_gmt":"2024-09-26T22:21:22","slug":"about-this-book","status":"publish","type":"front-matter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/front-matter\/about-this-book\/","title":{"raw":"About This Book","rendered":"About This Book"},"content":{"raw":"This open education resource (OER) textbook was designed around the laboratory manual used by the faculty at Thompson Rivers University (TRU) Health Care Assistant program (Christianson, T., &amp; Morris, K., Chardon, J., Flurey, L., &amp; Nordick, L.(2022). <i>TRU Health Care Assistant Program HEAL 1150 Healing 3: Personal Care and Assistance Course Manual.<\/i> Thompson Rivers University. It was enhanced with resources and materials from other OERs that are noted below.\r\n\r\nThe OER was updated in September 2024 and is founded on best practices related to the competencies and skills for Health Care Assistant (HCA) students, specifically in HCA programs following the British Columbia Provincial curriculum <a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcacurriculum\/\">Health Care Assistant Program Provincial Curriculum 2023<\/a>. However, the content covered within this textbook can be applied to most HCA program curriculum and offers students the opportunity to acquire personal care and assistance skills within the parameters of the HCA role. The content helps the student learn the theoretical principles and concepts along with understanding the steps of practical skills required to maintain and promote the comfort, safety and independence of individuals in community and facility contexts.\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">British Columbia Provincial Curriculum (2023) Educational Outcomes<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li><strong>Perform personal care skills in an organized manner ensuring the comfort and appropriate independence of the client:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>1.1 Organize and implement care according to client needs.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.2 Encourage independence of the client as much as possible.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.3 Encourage client communication and engagement during personal care.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.4 Maintain client privacy and dignity.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.5 Assist the client with personal hygiene and grooming.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.6 Assist the client with movement and ambulation.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.7 Use aids to promote comfort, relaxation, and sleep.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.8 Take and record vital signs accurately (temperature, pulse, respirations).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.9 Assist the client with eating and drinking.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.10 Assist the client with medication as per the client\u2019s care plan. (HCAs are not permitted to administer medication by any method without regulated health professional authorization).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.11 Provide specialized, sensitive care for the dying client in line with palliative care principles.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Apply an informed problem-solving process to the provision of care and assistance:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>2.1 Observe the client and situation.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2.2 Observe for changes in the client\u2019s health status.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2.3 Identify priorities for care within the care plan.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2.4 Use appropriate health care team members as resources to augment one\u2019s own problem-solving and decision-making.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2.5 Follow the care plan for each client.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2.6 Conduct caregiving or assisting activities.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2.7 Reflect on and evaluate effectiveness of care or assistance.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2.8 Carry out recording requirements.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2.9 Use creativity and flexibility when required to adapt care and assistance to a variety of contexts.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Provide personal care and assistance within the parameters of the HCA role:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>3.1 Comply with the legal parameters of practice for the HCA role.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>3.2 Collaborate with other members of the health care team.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>3.3 Use appropriate lines of communication.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>3.4 Demonstrate dependability, reliability, honesty, and integrity.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>3.5 Adhere to the client\u2019s activities of daily living (ADL) and care plan.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Provide care and assistance in ways that maintain safety for self and others in a variety of contexts:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>4.1 Wear safe and appropriate clothing, including identification.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4.2 Observe the environment prior to commencing care.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4.3 Adjust the environment, as appropriate, to ensure safety and promote efficiency.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4.4 Organize time and equipment for safety and efficiency.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4.5 Adhere to the principles of body mechanics.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4.6 Adhere to the principles of medical asepsis and infection-control practices.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4.7 Recognize and make wise choices in situations of potential risk to self or others.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4.8 Exhibit flexible and adaptable behaviour in a variety of contexts.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4.9 Recognize and respond appropriately to emergency situations.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Adaptations<\/h1>\r\nList of OERs used:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Alberta Health Services. (2022). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.albertahealthservices.ca\/assets\/info\/seniors\/if-sen-map-program-in-alberta.pdf\">Medication Assistance Program (MAP) manual<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA licence<\/a>, adapted with permission.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Alberta Health Services. (2016). <a href=\"https:\/\/pdf4pro.com\/cdn\/health-care-aide-role-in-medication-assistance-27c3.pdf\">Health care aide role in medication assistance: A Companion to the <\/a><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 14pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pdf4pro.com\/cdn\/health-care-aide-role-in-medication-assistance-27c3.pdf\">Alberta provincial continuing care Medication Assistance Program (MAP) manual<\/a><\/span>,<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 14pt;\"> adapted with permission.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Anderson, R., Rees, G., &amp; McCutcheon, J. (n.d.). <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/clinicalproceduresforsaferpatientcaretrubscn\/\">Clinical procedures for safer patient care - Thompson Rivers University Edition<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0 licence<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ernstmeyer, K., &amp; Christman, E. (Eds.) (2021). Nursing skills - Chippewa Valley Technical College. <a href=\"https:\/\/wtcs.pressbooks.pub\/nursingskills\/\">https:\/\/wtcs.pressbooks.pub\/nursingskills\/<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Girdi-Papp, M. (2022). Comparative Oral+ENT Biology. <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/cnx-org-col23864\/mode\/2up\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Comparative Oral+ENT Biology : Marcos Gridi-Papp : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive<\/a> . Chapter 20, p. 438-450.<a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0 licence<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Interior Health, Home Support Transformation. (2017). Community Health Worker medication competency program: Course manual. Unpublished with Permission to adapt.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>McLain, K., O'Hara-Leslie, E., &amp; Wade, A. (n.d.). Foundations for assisting in home care. <a href=\"https:\/\/milnepublishing.geneseo.edu\/home-health-aide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Foundations for Assisting in Home Care \u2013 Open Textbook (geneseo.edu)<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0 licence<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Provincial Infection Control Network of British Columbia [PICNet]. (2014). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.picnet.ca\/resources\/rescarebooklet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Infection control quick-reference guide for residential care facilities (Volume 2) [PDF]<\/a>. PHSA. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.picnet.ca\/practice-guidelines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PICNet Guidelines<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Unit 1<\/h2>\r\nNo OER used.\r\n<h2>Unit 2<\/h2>\r\nClinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Added \u201cterms to know\"<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Checklist 1 now Checklist 2.4.1 with no changes to attributions<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nProvincial Infection Control Network of British Columbia [PICNet]\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>2.2 - Infections used except \"vaccinations\"<\/li>\r\n \t<li>All attributions updated<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Eliminated Alcohol based hand rub section<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Unit 3<\/h2>\r\nAdapted from Clinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/ Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Reorganized section to have Musculoskeletal Injuries come after Principles of Body Mechanics.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added information re: maintaining proper body mechanics, Patient handling injury prevention and Musculoskeletal Injuries (potential health effects, prevention and treatment)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Deleted critical thinking exercises<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nFoundations for Assisting in Home Care \/ McLain,\u00a0Wade, &amp; O'Hara-Leslie\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Used \u201cMaintaining Proper Body Mechanics\u201d from Chapter 10 \u201c Care of the Home and Personal Belongings.\u201d Unit C \u201cWays to Be Safe and Save Energy and Time.\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Unit 4<\/h2>\r\nFoundations for Assisting in Home Care \u2013 Unit B \/ McLain,\u00a0Wade, &amp; O'Hara-Leslie\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Added \u201cTerms to Know\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed \u201cHome Health Aide\/Personal Care Aide\u201d to \u201cHealth care assistant\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Omitted procedure steps for tasks<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Unit 5<\/h2>\r\nAdapted from Occupational therapy Assistant Student Resource \u2013 Used \u201cPatient body Positions\u201d from slide #21; notes section and Clinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Some rephrasing of introductory paragraph and body position descriptions.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Removed information re: children and post-partum women.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Combined descriptions of bed positions from both OERs.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added pictures of position types.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nBedmaking Procedures adapted from Foundations for Assisting in Home Care \/ McLain, Wade, &amp; O'Hara-Leslie\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Procedures re-organized into a table format with \u2018Steps\u2019 and \u2018Rationale\u2019 columns.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Rationale added to some steps<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added procedure table re: \u2018How to Mitre a Corner\u201d with photos.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Videos added after procedure tables.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Unit 6<\/h2>\r\nComparative Oral+ENT Biology, Girdi-Papp\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Sections on swallowing and dysphagia simplified for the target audience<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nFoundations for Assisting in Home Care \/ McLain,\u00a0Wade, &amp; O'Hara-Leslie\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Added \u201cTerms to Know\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed \u201cHome Health Aide\/Personal Care Aide\u201d to \u201cHealth care assistant\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Formatted procedure steps into procedure tables throughout<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Unit 7<\/h2>\r\nMuch of this unit was adapted from Foundations for Assisting in Home Care\/McLain, Wade, &amp; O'Hara-Leslie\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Added \u201cTerms to Know\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added introductory sections: \u201cNormal Urinary Elimination\u201d, \u201cCharacteristics of Urine\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added \u201cGuidelines\u201d for assisting with urinary elimination.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed title to \u201cAssisting with Urinary Elimination\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed \u201cpatient\u201d to \u201cclient\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed \u201cHome Health Aide\/Personal Care Aide\u201d to Health Care Assistant.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added picture of assistive devices (Figure 7.2.2)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Procedures re-organized into a table format with \u2018Steps\u2019 and \u2018Rationale\u2019 columns.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added picture of condom catheter and urinary drainage bag (7.2.3,7.2.4)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added videos for each procedure<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Using a Bedpan<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Using a Urinal<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Applying a Condom Catheter<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Providing Perineal Care with an Indwelling Catheter<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Emptying a Urinary Drainage Bag<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added pictures (7.2.5, 7.2.6) depicting drainage bag position and emptying the drainage bag<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The statement \u201cif required by care plan\u201d added to procedure step \u201cLower the bed to its lowest setting and ensure side rails are raised\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed \u201cnurses\u201d to \u201cHealth Care Assistants\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nAdapted from Clinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care\/Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon \"Procedure: Administering a rectal suppository or enema\"\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Utilized checklist 47: Medication Administered Rectally<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed title to: Procedure: Medication Administered Rectally<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed \u201cpatient\u201d to \u201cclient\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Adapted some steps to be appropriate to HCA level<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Figure 7.3.7 has been replaced<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\"Procedure: Changing an Ostomy Appliance (flange and pouch)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed \u201cpatient\u201d to \u201cclient\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Information adapted to level of HCA role<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nSection 7.5 Ostomies: Adapted from Nursing Skills - Chippewa Valley Technical College\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>information adapted to level of HCA role<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Physical and emotional Assessment; Urostomy care removed<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Unit 8<\/h2>\r\nClinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/ Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Omitted learning Objectives 1-3<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added \u201cTerms to Know\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Omitted sub-section 3.23.2<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Omitted link to \u201cInterior Health Patient Handling Procedure: One person manual<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Omitted link to \u201cSafe Patient Handling Assessment Form from Winnipeg Health Region<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Checklist 1 now Checklist 2.4.1 with no changes to attributions<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Table 3.7 now Table 8.1.1 with bullet 7 omitted<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Checklist 24 now Checklist 8.2.1<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Checklist 27 now Checklist 8.3.1<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Table 3.5 now Table 8.5.1<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Checklist 26 now Checklist 8.6.2<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Table 3.4 now Table 8.7.1<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Table 3.6 now Table 8.9.1<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Updated links for PHSA courses<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Updated link for Mobility Decision Support Tool link<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Updated link for Lateral Transfer Sliding Board<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed \u201cresidential\u201d to \u201clong-term care<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added the sentence, \u201cIn British Columbia, the British Columbia Patient Safety and Learning System is used.\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nFoundations for Assisting in Home Care \/ McLain,\u00a0Wade, &amp; O'Hara-Leslie\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Changed \u201chome health aide\/personal care aide\u201d to \u201cHCA\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Unit 9<\/h2>\r\nSection 9.2 Adapted from Chapter 11 \u201cOxygen Therapy\u201d in Nursing Skills - Chippewa Valley Technical College\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Learning objectives deleted<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added 3 sentences Oxygen is considered a medication and, therefore, requires a prescription and continuous monitoring by the RN\/LPN to ensure its safe and effective use. As a Health Care Assistant, your role is to provide safe care to clients who are receiving oxygen therapy. Depending on your facility\/agency, you may be trained to provide oral suctioning and transfer a client\u2019s oxygen source from a liquid canister to an oxygen concentrator or portable cylinder<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nSection titled \u201cCautions with Oxygen Therapy \" adapted from Clinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/ Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Changed \u2018patient\u2019 to \u2018client\u2019<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0Table 9.2.1 Oxygen Safety Guidelines for Home and Hospital added in additional information regarding ordering of ABGs \u201cThis is not the responsibility of the Health Care Assistant\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Section 9.3<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Table 9.3.1 Adapted from Nursing Skills - Chippewa Valley Technical College<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Created from information in Chapter 11, section 11.3 \u201cOxygenation equipment\u201d.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cPatient\u201d changed to \u201cclient\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Table 9.3.2 Adapted from Clinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/ Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Title changed to \u201cTypes of Oxygen Tubing and Equipment<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cpatient\u201d changed to \u201cclient\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Figure 9.3.5 replaced \u201cnasal cannula\u201d figure<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Figure 9.3.6 replaced \u201csimple face mask\u201d figure<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Figure 9.3.7 replaced figure 5.1<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Figure 9.3.10 replaced Figure 5.2<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Figure 9.3.11 replaced figure 5.3<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Video added: Oxygen Therapy<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Section 9.4<\/h3>\r\nAdapted from Nursing Skills - Chippewa Valley Technical College\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Information removed linking to previous sections of textbook<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u2018patient\u2019 changed to \u2018client\u2019<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\"patient and\/or nurse\u201d changed to \u201cclient, nurse and\/or Health Care Assistant\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cBiPAP\u201d title changed to \u201cBilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Reference to image removed as image not utilized.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Video \u201cUsing a CPAP\u201d added<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Section 9.5<\/h3>\r\nAdapted from Vital Sign Measurement Across the Lifespan \u2013 2nd Canadian Edition\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u201cregistered Nurse\u201d changed to \u201cHealth Care Assistant\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Under \u201cInfection Prevention and Control\u201d content removed re: hand gel and handwashing \u2013 Instead, readers are directed to review this content in Unit 2: Infection control<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Videos and H5Ps removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cPain Assessment\u201d section removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cSignificance of Measurements\u201d section changed to acknowledge the role of the Health Care Assistant in vital sign measurement.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Section 9.6<\/h3>\r\nAdapted from Vital Sign Measurement Across the Lifespan \u2013 2nd Canadian Edition\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Figure 9.6.1 replaced figure 2.1<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cHealthcare provider\u201d changed to \u201cLPN\/RN\u201d or \u201cHealth Care Assistant\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>H5Ps removed or put at end of Section<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Reference to \u201cOER #2\u201d removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cPoints to Consider\u201d re: newborns and infants removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Clarification of the HCA role added .<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Summary changed to clarify the role of the Health Care Assistant and LPN\/RN in measuring temperature.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Section 9.7<\/h3>\r\nAdapted from Vital Sign Measurement Across the Lifespan \u2013 2nd Canadian Edition\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Reference to OER#1 and OER #2 removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cPoints to consider\u201d re-written to clarify role of HCA and LPN\/RN<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Information related to assessment of findings removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cHealth Care provider\u201d changed to \u201cHealth care Assistant\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Information re: use of doppler device removed<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Section 9.8<\/h3>\r\nAdapted from Vital Sign Measurement Across the Lifespan \u2013 2nd Canadian Edition\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Reference to OER#1 and OER #2 removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Wording changed to clarify role of HCA and LPN\/RN<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Clarification of HCA, LPN\/RN role added<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Section 9.10<\/h3>\r\nAdapted from Vital Sign Measurement Across the Lifespan \u2013 2nd Canadian Edition\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Reference to OER#1 and OER #2 removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Content related to infants and children removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Points to consider regarding SP02 and hypoxic tissue injury removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Reference to arterial lines removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Figure 4.1 replaced with figure 9.9.1<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Figure 4.2 replaced with figure 9.9.2<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Figure 4.3 removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Clarification of HCA, LPN\/RN role added<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cPoints to consider\u201d removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Chapter summary re-written to address changes made and HCA\/LPN\/RN role<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Section 9.10<\/h3>\r\nAdapted from Vital Sign Measurement Across the Lifespan \u2013 2nd Canadian Edition\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Reference to OER#1 and OER #2 removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Clarification of HCA, LPN\/RN role added<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Points to consider regarding taking BP in both arms for first time removed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Factors that Influence Blood Pressure section not included<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Most Information related to manual BP deleted.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Chapter summary re-written to reflect HCA\/LPN\/RN role<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Section 9.11<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nAdapted from Foundations for Assisting in Home Care \/ McLain, Wade, &amp; O'Hara-Leslie\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Changed Home Health Aide\/Personal Care Aide to Health Care Assistant<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added \u201cheight\u201d to introductory sentence<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed \u201cpatient\u201d to \u201cclient\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Procedure \u201cweighing a client\u201d changed to a table<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Added procedure \u201cMeasuring a client\u2019s height in bed\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nBody Mass Index section adapted from Nursing Skills - Chippewa Valley Technical College\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Figure 1.2.4 replaced with Figure 9.11.1<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Explanation of BMI table changed to fit kg\/metres.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Unit 10<\/h2>\r\nClinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/ Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Added \u201cTerms to Know\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cWhile the HCA does not need to know the exact purpose of the tube, you should know the location of the tube to understand what to expect\u201d was added.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Unit 11<\/h2>\r\nAdapted from Foundations for Assisting in Home Care \/ McLain, Wade, &amp; O'Hara-Leslie\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Changed Home Health Aide\/Personal Care Aide to Health Care Assistant<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Chapter re-arranged<\/li>\r\n \t<li>U.S. statistics re: unintentional injuries replaced with Canadian statistics.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Community resources section added<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Unit 12<\/h2>\r\nInterior Health. (2017). Interior Health Home Health Unregulated Care Provider\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Updated image attributes with Creative Commons Licensed images<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed \u201cCommunity Health Worker\/CHW\u201d to \u201cHealth care assistant\/HCA\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Definitions used with definitions added<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Team involved changed\u00a0\u201cLPN supervisor\u201d to \u201csupervisor\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nAlberta Health Services, Medication Competency program. Adapted with permission.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u201cunregulated health care provider\u201d changed to \u201cHealth Care Assistant\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed the \u201c7 Rights\u201d to \u201c6 Critical Rights\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Used the Examples 1 &amp; 2 Attributes<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Medication Record \u2013 changed \u201cregulated health care provider\u201d to \u201cnurse\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changed \u201cHS Service Plan\u201d to \u201ccare plan\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Additional quiz questions added<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","rendered":"<p>This open education resource (OER) textbook was designed around the laboratory manual used by the faculty at Thompson Rivers University (TRU) Health Care Assistant program (Christianson, T., &amp; Morris, K., Chardon, J., Flurey, L., &amp; Nordick, L.(2022). <i>TRU Health Care Assistant Program HEAL 1150 Healing 3: Personal Care and Assistance Course Manual.<\/i> Thompson Rivers University. It was enhanced with resources and materials from other OERs that are noted below.<\/p>\n<p>The OER was updated in September 2024 and is founded on best practices related to the competencies and skills for Health Care Assistant (HCA) students, specifically in HCA programs following the British Columbia Provincial curriculum <a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcacurriculum\/\">Health Care Assistant Program Provincial Curriculum 2023<\/a>. However, the content covered within this textbook can be applied to most HCA program curriculum and offers students the opportunity to acquire personal care and assistance skills within the parameters of the HCA role. The content helps the student learn the theoretical principles and concepts along with understanding the steps of practical skills required to maintain and promote the comfort, safety and independence of individuals in community and facility contexts.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">British Columbia Provincial Curriculum (2023) Educational Outcomes<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Perform personal care skills in an organized manner ensuring the comfort and appropriate independence of the client:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>1.1 Organize and implement care according to client needs.<\/li>\n<li>1.2 Encourage independence of the client as much as possible.<\/li>\n<li>1.3 Encourage client communication and engagement during personal care.<\/li>\n<li>1.4 Maintain client privacy and dignity.<\/li>\n<li>1.5 Assist the client with personal hygiene and grooming.<\/li>\n<li>1.6 Assist the client with movement and ambulation.<\/li>\n<li>1.7 Use aids to promote comfort, relaxation, and sleep.<\/li>\n<li>1.8 Take and record vital signs accurately (temperature, pulse, respirations).<\/li>\n<li>1.9 Assist the client with eating and drinking.<\/li>\n<li>1.10 Assist the client with medication as per the client\u2019s care plan. (HCAs are not permitted to administer medication by any method without regulated health professional authorization).<\/li>\n<li>1.11 Provide specialized, sensitive care for the dying client in line with palliative care principles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Apply an informed problem-solving process to the provision of care and assistance:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>2.1 Observe the client and situation.<\/li>\n<li>2.2 Observe for changes in the client\u2019s health status.<\/li>\n<li>2.3 Identify priorities for care within the care plan.<\/li>\n<li>2.4 Use appropriate health care team members as resources to augment one\u2019s own problem-solving and decision-making.<\/li>\n<li>2.5 Follow the care plan for each client.<\/li>\n<li>2.6 Conduct caregiving or assisting activities.<\/li>\n<li>2.7 Reflect on and evaluate effectiveness of care or assistance.<\/li>\n<li>2.8 Carry out recording requirements.<\/li>\n<li>2.9 Use creativity and flexibility when required to adapt care and assistance to a variety of contexts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Provide personal care and assistance within the parameters of the HCA role:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>3.1 Comply with the legal parameters of practice for the HCA role.<\/li>\n<li>3.2 Collaborate with other members of the health care team.<\/li>\n<li>3.3 Use appropriate lines of communication.<\/li>\n<li>3.4 Demonstrate dependability, reliability, honesty, and integrity.<\/li>\n<li>3.5 Adhere to the client\u2019s activities of daily living (ADL) and care plan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Provide care and assistance in ways that maintain safety for self and others in a variety of contexts:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>4.1 Wear safe and appropriate clothing, including identification.<\/li>\n<li>4.2 Observe the environment prior to commencing care.<\/li>\n<li>4.3 Adjust the environment, as appropriate, to ensure safety and promote efficiency.<\/li>\n<li>4.4 Organize time and equipment for safety and efficiency.<\/li>\n<li>4.5 Adhere to the principles of body mechanics.<\/li>\n<li>4.6 Adhere to the principles of medical asepsis and infection-control practices.<\/li>\n<li>4.7 Recognize and make wise choices in situations of potential risk to self or others.<\/li>\n<li>4.8 Exhibit flexible and adaptable behaviour in a variety of contexts.<\/li>\n<li>4.9 Recognize and respond appropriately to emergency situations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Adaptations<\/h1>\n<p>List of OERs used:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Alberta Health Services. (2022). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.albertahealthservices.ca\/assets\/info\/seniors\/if-sen-map-program-in-alberta.pdf\">Medication Assistance Program (MAP) manual<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA licence<\/a>, adapted with permission.<\/li>\n<li>Alberta Health Services. (2016). <a href=\"https:\/\/pdf4pro.com\/cdn\/health-care-aide-role-in-medication-assistance-27c3.pdf\">Health care aide role in medication assistance: A Companion to the <\/a><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 14pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pdf4pro.com\/cdn\/health-care-aide-role-in-medication-assistance-27c3.pdf\">Alberta provincial continuing care Medication Assistance Program (MAP) manual<\/a><\/span>,<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 14pt;\"> adapted with permission.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Anderson, R., Rees, G., &amp; McCutcheon, J. (n.d.). <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/clinicalproceduresforsaferpatientcaretrubscn\/\">Clinical procedures for safer patient care &#8211; Thompson Rivers University Edition<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0 licence<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Ernstmeyer, K., &amp; Christman, E. (Eds.) (2021). Nursing skills &#8211; Chippewa Valley Technical College. <a href=\"https:\/\/wtcs.pressbooks.pub\/nursingskills\/\">https:\/\/wtcs.pressbooks.pub\/nursingskills\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Girdi-Papp, M. (2022). Comparative Oral+ENT Biology. <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/cnx-org-col23864\/mode\/2up\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Comparative Oral+ENT Biology : Marcos Gridi-Papp : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive<\/a> . Chapter 20, p. 438-450.<a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0 licence<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Interior Health, Home Support Transformation. (2017). Community Health Worker medication competency program: Course manual. Unpublished with Permission to adapt.<\/li>\n<li>McLain, K., O&#8217;Hara-Leslie, E., &amp; Wade, A. (n.d.). Foundations for assisting in home care. <a href=\"https:\/\/milnepublishing.geneseo.edu\/home-health-aide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Foundations for Assisting in Home Care \u2013 Open Textbook (geneseo.edu)<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0 licence<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Provincial Infection Control Network of British Columbia [PICNet]. (2014). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.picnet.ca\/resources\/rescarebooklet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Infection control quick-reference guide for residential care facilities (Volume 2) [PDF]<\/a>. PHSA. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.picnet.ca\/practice-guidelines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PICNet Guidelines<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Unit 1<\/h2>\n<p>No OER used.<\/p>\n<h2>Unit 2<\/h2>\n<p>Clinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Added \u201cterms to know&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>Checklist 1 now Checklist 2.4.1 with no changes to attributions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Provincial Infection Control Network of British Columbia [PICNet]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>2.2 &#8211; Infections used except &#8220;vaccinations&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>All attributions updated<\/li>\n<li>Eliminated Alcohol based hand rub section<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Unit 3<\/h2>\n<p>Adapted from Clinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/ Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reorganized section to have Musculoskeletal Injuries come after Principles of Body Mechanics.<\/li>\n<li>Added information re: maintaining proper body mechanics, Patient handling injury prevention and Musculoskeletal Injuries (potential health effects, prevention and treatment)<\/li>\n<li>Deleted critical thinking exercises<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Foundations for Assisting in Home Care \/ McLain,\u00a0Wade, &amp; O&#8217;Hara-Leslie<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Used \u201cMaintaining Proper Body Mechanics\u201d from Chapter 10 \u201c Care of the Home and Personal Belongings.\u201d Unit C \u201cWays to Be Safe and Save Energy and Time.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Unit 4<\/h2>\n<p>Foundations for Assisting in Home Care \u2013 Unit B \/ McLain,\u00a0Wade, &amp; O&#8217;Hara-Leslie<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Added \u201cTerms to Know\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Changed \u201cHome Health Aide\/Personal Care Aide\u201d to \u201cHealth care assistant\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Omitted procedure steps for tasks<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Unit 5<\/h2>\n<p>Adapted from Occupational therapy Assistant Student Resource \u2013 Used \u201cPatient body Positions\u201d from slide #21; notes section and Clinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Some rephrasing of introductory paragraph and body position descriptions.<\/li>\n<li>Removed information re: children and post-partum women.<\/li>\n<li>Combined descriptions of bed positions from both OERs.<\/li>\n<li>Added pictures of position types.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bedmaking Procedures adapted from Foundations for Assisting in Home Care \/ McLain, Wade, &amp; O&#8217;Hara-Leslie<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Procedures re-organized into a table format with \u2018Steps\u2019 and \u2018Rationale\u2019 columns.<\/li>\n<li>Rationale added to some steps<\/li>\n<li>Added procedure table re: \u2018How to Mitre a Corner\u201d with photos.<\/li>\n<li>Videos added after procedure tables.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Unit 6<\/h2>\n<p>Comparative Oral+ENT Biology, Girdi-Papp<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sections on swallowing and dysphagia simplified for the target audience<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Foundations for Assisting in Home Care \/ McLain,\u00a0Wade, &amp; O&#8217;Hara-Leslie<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Added \u201cTerms to Know\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Changed \u201cHome Health Aide\/Personal Care Aide\u201d to \u201cHealth care assistant\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Formatted procedure steps into procedure tables throughout<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Unit 7<\/h2>\n<p>Much of this unit was adapted from Foundations for Assisting in Home Care\/McLain, Wade, &amp; O&#8217;Hara-Leslie<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Added \u201cTerms to Know\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Added introductory sections: \u201cNormal Urinary Elimination\u201d, \u201cCharacteristics of Urine\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Added \u201cGuidelines\u201d for assisting with urinary elimination.<\/li>\n<li>Changed title to \u201cAssisting with Urinary Elimination\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Changed \u201cpatient\u201d to \u201cclient\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Changed \u201cHome Health Aide\/Personal Care Aide\u201d to Health Care Assistant.<\/li>\n<li>Added picture of assistive devices (Figure 7.2.2)<\/li>\n<li>Procedures re-organized into a table format with \u2018Steps\u2019 and \u2018Rationale\u2019 columns.<\/li>\n<li>Added picture of condom catheter and urinary drainage bag (7.2.3,7.2.4)<\/li>\n<li>Added videos for each procedure<\/li>\n<li>Using a Bedpan<\/li>\n<li>Using a Urinal<\/li>\n<li>Applying a Condom Catheter<\/li>\n<li>Providing Perineal Care with an Indwelling Catheter<\/li>\n<li>Emptying a Urinary Drainage Bag<\/li>\n<li>Added pictures (7.2.5, 7.2.6) depicting drainage bag position and emptying the drainage bag<\/li>\n<li>The statement \u201cif required by care plan\u201d added to procedure step \u201cLower the bed to its lowest setting and ensure side rails are raised\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Changed \u201cnurses\u201d to \u201cHealth Care Assistants\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Adapted from Clinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care\/Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon &#8220;Procedure: Administering a rectal suppository or enema&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Utilized checklist 47: Medication Administered Rectally<\/li>\n<li>Changed title to: Procedure: Medication Administered Rectally<\/li>\n<li>Changed \u201cpatient\u201d to \u201cclient\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Adapted some steps to be appropriate to HCA level<\/li>\n<li>Figure 7.3.7 has been replaced<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Procedure: Changing an Ostomy Appliance (flange and pouch)<\/li>\n<li>Changed \u201cpatient\u201d to \u201cclient\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Information adapted to level of HCA role<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Section 7.5 Ostomies: Adapted from Nursing Skills &#8211; Chippewa Valley Technical College<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>information adapted to level of HCA role<\/li>\n<li>Physical and emotional Assessment; Urostomy care removed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Unit 8<\/h2>\n<p>Clinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/ Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Omitted learning Objectives 1-3<\/li>\n<li>Added \u201cTerms to Know\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Omitted sub-section 3.23.2<\/li>\n<li>Omitted link to \u201cInterior Health Patient Handling Procedure: One person manual<\/li>\n<li>Omitted link to \u201cSafe Patient Handling Assessment Form from Winnipeg Health Region<\/li>\n<li>Checklist 1 now Checklist 2.4.1 with no changes to attributions<\/li>\n<li>Table 3.7 now Table 8.1.1 with bullet 7 omitted<\/li>\n<li>Checklist 24 now Checklist 8.2.1<\/li>\n<li>Checklist 27 now Checklist 8.3.1<\/li>\n<li>Table 3.5 now Table 8.5.1<\/li>\n<li>Checklist 26 now Checklist 8.6.2<\/li>\n<li>Table 3.4 now Table 8.7.1<\/li>\n<li>Table 3.6 now Table 8.9.1<\/li>\n<li>Updated links for PHSA courses<\/li>\n<li>Updated link for Mobility Decision Support Tool link<\/li>\n<li>Updated link for Lateral Transfer Sliding Board<\/li>\n<li>Changed \u201cresidential\u201d to \u201clong-term care<\/li>\n<li>Added the sentence, \u201cIn British Columbia, the British Columbia Patient Safety and Learning System is used.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Foundations for Assisting in Home Care \/ McLain,\u00a0Wade, &amp; O&#8217;Hara-Leslie<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Changed \u201chome health aide\/personal care aide\u201d to \u201cHCA\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Unit 9<\/h2>\n<p>Section 9.2 Adapted from Chapter 11 \u201cOxygen Therapy\u201d in Nursing Skills &#8211; Chippewa Valley Technical College<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Learning objectives deleted<\/li>\n<li>Added 3 sentences Oxygen is considered a medication and, therefore, requires a prescription and continuous monitoring by the RN\/LPN to ensure its safe and effective use. As a Health Care Assistant, your role is to provide safe care to clients who are receiving oxygen therapy. Depending on your facility\/agency, you may be trained to provide oral suctioning and transfer a client\u2019s oxygen source from a liquid canister to an oxygen concentrator or portable cylinder<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Section titled \u201cCautions with Oxygen Therapy &#8221; adapted from Clinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/ Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Changed \u2018patient\u2019 to \u2018client\u2019<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0Table 9.2.1 Oxygen Safety Guidelines for Home and Hospital added in additional information regarding ordering of ABGs \u201cThis is not the responsibility of the Health Care Assistant\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Section 9.3<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Table 9.3.1 Adapted from Nursing Skills &#8211; Chippewa Valley Technical College<\/li>\n<li>Created from information in Chapter 11, section 11.3 \u201cOxygenation equipment\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>\u201cPatient\u201d changed to \u201cclient\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Table 9.3.2 Adapted from Clinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/ Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon<\/li>\n<li>Title changed to \u201cTypes of Oxygen Tubing and Equipment<\/li>\n<li>\u201cpatient\u201d changed to \u201cclient\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Figure 9.3.5 replaced \u201cnasal cannula\u201d figure<\/li>\n<li>Figure 9.3.6 replaced \u201csimple face mask\u201d figure<\/li>\n<li>Figure 9.3.7 replaced figure 5.1<\/li>\n<li>Figure 9.3.10 replaced Figure 5.2<\/li>\n<li>Figure 9.3.11 replaced figure 5.3<\/li>\n<li>Video added: Oxygen Therapy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Section 9.4<\/h3>\n<p>Adapted from Nursing Skills &#8211; Chippewa Valley Technical College<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Information removed linking to previous sections of textbook<\/li>\n<li>\u2018patient\u2019 changed to \u2018client\u2019<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;patient and\/or nurse\u201d changed to \u201cclient, nurse and\/or Health Care Assistant\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u201cBiPAP\u201d title changed to \u201cBilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP)<\/li>\n<li>Reference to image removed as image not utilized.<\/li>\n<li>Video \u201cUsing a CPAP\u201d added<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Section 9.5<\/h3>\n<p>Adapted from Vital Sign Measurement Across the Lifespan \u2013 2nd Canadian Edition<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cregistered Nurse\u201d changed to \u201cHealth Care Assistant\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Under \u201cInfection Prevention and Control\u201d content removed re: hand gel and handwashing \u2013 Instead, readers are directed to review this content in Unit 2: Infection control<\/li>\n<li>Videos and H5Ps removed<\/li>\n<li>\u201cPain Assessment\u201d section removed<\/li>\n<li>\u201cSignificance of Measurements\u201d section changed to acknowledge the role of the Health Care Assistant in vital sign measurement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Section 9.6<\/h3>\n<p>Adapted from Vital Sign Measurement Across the Lifespan \u2013 2nd Canadian Edition<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Figure 9.6.1 replaced figure 2.1<\/li>\n<li>\u201cHealthcare provider\u201d changed to \u201cLPN\/RN\u201d or \u201cHealth Care Assistant\u201d<\/li>\n<li>H5Ps removed or put at end of Section<\/li>\n<li>Reference to \u201cOER #2\u201d removed<\/li>\n<li>\u201cPoints to Consider\u201d re: newborns and infants removed<\/li>\n<li>Clarification of the HCA role added .<\/li>\n<li>Summary changed to clarify the role of the Health Care Assistant and LPN\/RN in measuring temperature.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Section 9.7<\/h3>\n<p>Adapted from Vital Sign Measurement Across the Lifespan \u2013 2nd Canadian Edition<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reference to OER#1 and OER #2 removed<\/li>\n<li>\u201cPoints to consider\u201d re-written to clarify role of HCA and LPN\/RN<\/li>\n<li>Information related to assessment of findings removed<\/li>\n<li>\u201cHealth Care provider\u201d changed to \u201cHealth care Assistant\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Information re: use of doppler device removed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Section 9.8<\/h3>\n<p>Adapted from Vital Sign Measurement Across the Lifespan \u2013 2nd Canadian Edition<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reference to OER#1 and OER #2 removed<\/li>\n<li>Wording changed to clarify role of HCA and LPN\/RN<\/li>\n<li>Clarification of HCA, LPN\/RN role added<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Section 9.10<\/h3>\n<p>Adapted from Vital Sign Measurement Across the Lifespan \u2013 2nd Canadian Edition<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reference to OER#1 and OER #2 removed<\/li>\n<li>Content related to infants and children removed<\/li>\n<li>Points to consider regarding SP02 and hypoxic tissue injury removed<\/li>\n<li>Reference to arterial lines removed<\/li>\n<li>Figure 4.1 replaced with figure 9.9.1<\/li>\n<li>Figure 4.2 replaced with figure 9.9.2<\/li>\n<li>Figure 4.3 removed<\/li>\n<li>Clarification of HCA, LPN\/RN role added<\/li>\n<li>\u201cPoints to consider\u201d removed<\/li>\n<li>Chapter summary re-written to address changes made and HCA\/LPN\/RN role<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Section 9.10<\/h3>\n<p>Adapted from Vital Sign Measurement Across the Lifespan \u2013 2nd Canadian Edition<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reference to OER#1 and OER #2 removed<\/li>\n<li>Clarification of HCA, LPN\/RN role added<\/li>\n<li>Points to consider regarding taking BP in both arms for first time removed<\/li>\n<li>Factors that Influence Blood Pressure section not included<\/li>\n<li>Most Information related to manual BP deleted.<\/li>\n<li>Chapter summary re-written to reflect HCA\/LPN\/RN role<\/li>\n<li>Section 9.11<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Adapted from Foundations for Assisting in Home Care \/ McLain, Wade, &amp; O&#8217;Hara-Leslie<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Changed Home Health Aide\/Personal Care Aide to Health Care Assistant<\/li>\n<li>Added \u201cheight\u201d to introductory sentence<\/li>\n<li>Changed \u201cpatient\u201d to \u201cclient\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Procedure \u201cweighing a client\u201d changed to a table<\/li>\n<li>Added procedure \u201cMeasuring a client\u2019s height in bed\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Body Mass Index section adapted from Nursing Skills &#8211; Chippewa Valley Technical College<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Figure 1.2.4 replaced with Figure 9.11.1<\/li>\n<li>Explanation of BMI table changed to fit kg\/metres.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Unit 10<\/h2>\n<p>Clinical Procedures for Safe Patient Care \/ Anderson, Doyle, &amp; McCutcheon<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Added \u201cTerms to Know\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u201cWhile the HCA does not need to know the exact purpose of the tube, you should know the location of the tube to understand what to expect\u201d was added.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Unit 11<\/h2>\n<p>Adapted from Foundations for Assisting in Home Care \/ McLain, Wade, &amp; O&#8217;Hara-Leslie<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Changed Home Health Aide\/Personal Care Aide to Health Care Assistant<\/li>\n<li>Chapter re-arranged<\/li>\n<li>U.S. statistics re: unintentional injuries replaced with Canadian statistics.<\/li>\n<li>Community resources section added<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Unit 12<\/h2>\n<p>Interior Health. (2017). Interior Health Home Health Unregulated Care Provider<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Updated image attributes with Creative Commons Licensed images<\/li>\n<li>Changed \u201cCommunity Health Worker\/CHW\u201d to \u201cHealth care assistant\/HCA\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Definitions used with definitions added<\/li>\n<li>Team involved changed\u00a0\u201cLPN supervisor\u201d to \u201csupervisor\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Alberta Health Services, Medication Competency program. Adapted with permission.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cunregulated health care provider\u201d changed to \u201cHealth Care Assistant\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Changed the \u201c7 Rights\u201d to \u201c6 Critical Rights\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Used the Examples 1 &amp; 2 Attributes<\/li>\n<li>Medication Record \u2013 changed \u201cregulated health care provider\u201d to \u201cnurse\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Changed \u201cHS Service Plan\u201d to \u201ccare plan\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Additional quiz questions added<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"author":123,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"front-matter-type":[14],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-19","front-matter","type-front-matter","status-publish","hentry","front-matter-type-introduction"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter\/19","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/front-matter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/123"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter\/19\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1527,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter\/19\/revisions\/1527"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter\/19\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"front-matter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter-type?post=19"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=19"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/hcalabtheoryandpractice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=19"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}