{"id":65,"date":"2018-06-19T18:18:30","date_gmt":"2018-06-19T18:18:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=65"},"modified":"2020-10-15T21:34:52","modified_gmt":"2020-10-15T21:34:52","slug":"language","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/chapter\/language\/","title":{"raw":"Language","rendered":"Language"},"content":{"raw":"Languages contain and reflect unique and distinctive ways of understanding and relating to the world around us, and they are central to understanding expressions of Indigenous identity and community. In British Columbia, there are 34 distinct and diverse languages spoken across the province as well as the M\u00e9tis languages Michif and Chinook jargon. To see the distribution of languages, please see the Museum of Anthropology <a href=\"http:\/\/moa.ubc.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Resources-BCFirstNations_Languages.pdf\"><em>BC First Nations Languages<\/em>\u00a0map [PDF]<\/a>[footnote]<em>BC First Nations Languages<\/em> map: http:\/\/moa.ubc.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Resources-BCFirstNations_Languages.pdf[\/footnote](version 4, 2011).\r\n\r\nGreat harm was caused to Indigenous languages by the assimilative policies of residential schooling and other forms of colonialism. Decades of damaging policies resulted in a significant decline in speakers of many Indigenous languages, to the point that many languages in Canada currently have no living fluent speakers. Today many Indigenous communities are working to revitalize their languages. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.firstvoices.com\/\">First Voices<\/a>[footnote]First Voices: https:\/\/fv.nuxeocloud.com\/[\/footnote] through the First Peoples\u2019 Cultural Council supports language revitalization through an online archive and teaching resource.","rendered":"<p>Languages contain and reflect unique and distinctive ways of understanding and relating to the world around us, and they are central to understanding expressions of Indigenous identity and community. In British Columbia, there are 34 distinct and diverse languages spoken across the province as well as the M\u00e9tis languages Michif and Chinook jargon. To see the distribution of languages, please see the Museum of Anthropology <a href=\"http:\/\/moa.ubc.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Resources-BCFirstNations_Languages.pdf\"><em>BC First Nations Languages<\/em>\u00a0map [PDF]<\/a><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"BC First Nations Languages map: http:\/\/moa.ubc.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Resources-BCFirstNations_Languages.pdf\" id=\"return-footnote-65-1\" href=\"#footnote-65-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a>(version 4, 2011).<\/p>\n<p>Great harm was caused to Indigenous languages by the assimilative policies of residential schooling and other forms of colonialism. Decades of damaging policies resulted in a significant decline in speakers of many Indigenous languages, to the point that many languages in Canada currently have no living fluent speakers. Today many Indigenous communities are working to revitalize their languages. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.firstvoices.com\/\">First Voices<\/a><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"First Voices: https:\/\/fv.nuxeocloud.com\/\" id=\"return-footnote-65-2\" href=\"#footnote-65-2\" aria-label=\"Footnote 2\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[2]<\/sup><\/a> through the First Peoples\u2019 Cultural Council supports language revitalization through an online archive and teaching resource.<\/p>\n<hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-65-1\"><em>BC First Nations Languages<\/em> map: http:\/\/moa.ubc.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Resources-BCFirstNations_Languages.pdf <a href=\"#return-footnote-65-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-65-2\">First Voices: https:\/\/fv.nuxeocloud.com\/ <a href=\"#return-footnote-65-2\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 2\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":95,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-65","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":54,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/65","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/95"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/65\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":310,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/65\/revisions\/310"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/54"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/65\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=65"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=65"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenizationfrontlineworkers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=65"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}