{"id":44,"date":"2024-05-28T16:33:43","date_gmt":"2024-05-28T20:33:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenousdigitalliteracies\/chapter\/first-nations-governance\/"},"modified":"2024-07-29T13:41:52","modified_gmt":"2024-07-29T17:41:52","slug":"first-nations-governance","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/indigenousdigitalliteracies\/chapter\/first-nations-governance\/","title":{"raw":"First Nations Governance Practices","rendered":"First Nations Governance Practices"},"content":{"raw":"

First Nations principles of ownership, control, access, and possession (OCAP\u00ae)<\/h1>\nThe First Nations principles of OCAP\u00ae[footnote]OCAP\u00ae is a registered trademark of the First Nations Information Governance Centre (FNIGC) (https:\/\/fnigc.ca\/ocap-training\/).[\/footnote] are a set of standards that establish how First Nations data should be collected, protected, used, or shared. They are the de facto standard for how to conduct research with First Nations.\n\nOCAP\u00ae asserts that First Nations alone have control over data collection processes in their communities and that they own and control how this information can be stored, interpreted, used, or shared.\n
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Learner notes<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

\n\nNote that the term \u201cFirst Nations\u201d and not<\/strong> \u201cIndigenous\u201d was used intentionally, as OCAP\u00ae is the preferred governance model of many First Nations. OCAP\u00ae principles are a set of standards for First Nations information governance that support a First Nations path to data sovereignty.\n\nSource and recommended reading: The First Nations Principles of OCAP\u00ae - The First Nations Information Governance Centre (fnigc.ca)<\/a>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\nThe First Nations Information Governance Centre developed the First Nations Principles of OCAP\u00ae. They are the most widely used protocols for Knowledges and data governance within a First Nations context, and they promote Indigenous data sovereignty. OCAP\u00ae is a set of principles aimed at protecting mainly First Nations ownership, jurisdiction, and information. Many First Nations and other Indigenous communities across Canada have adopted OCAP\u00ae to govern the ethical conduct of research that takes place on their lands and about their people because OCAP\u00ae can be adapted to individual community needs.\n
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Learner notes<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

\n\nOCAP\u00ae is a useful model that can be adapted to individual community needs. OCAP\u00ae cannot be a single standard for all Indigenous Peoples, but the principles can be adapted and used by Indigenous communities as they see fit. Indigenous Peoples want to see mandatory training on OCAP\u00ae in post-secondary institutions for researchers and students who intend to conduct research with Indigenous Peoples. It is also worth noting that the Assembly of First Nations drafted a framework to outline principles that build off the First Nations Principles of OCAP\u00ae.\n\nSource and recommended reading:\n
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  1. Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada: Calls to Action [PDF]<\/a>. 2015.<\/li>\n \t
  2. United Nations. United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples [PDF]<\/a>. 2018.<\/li>\n \t
  3. First Nations Information Governance Centre. The First Nations principles of OCAP\u00ae<\/a>. Accessed October 18, 2019<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    Why the First Nations Principles of OCAP\u00ae?<\/h2>\nOCAP\u00ae principles can help guide ethical ways of working with First Nations who choose to share their data, information, and cultural knowledge. OCAP\u00ae principles reflect First Nations commitments to use and share information in a way that brings benefits to communities while minimizing harm.\n
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    Learner notes<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n

    \n\nThe principles of OCAP\u00ae go beyond federal and provincial government privacy legislation, as privacy legislation is normally based in the dominant culture\u2019s ways of seeing and moving in the world.\n\nSource and recommended reading: Balancing the Narrative: Communications Guidelines for Indigenous-led Conservation [PDF] (ipcaknowledgebasket.ca)<\/a>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\nIn other words, OCAP\u00ae can inform how First Nations data should be collected, protected, used, or shared. OCAP\u00ae asserts that First Nations have control over data collection processes in their communities, and that they own and control how this information can be used and by whom.\n\nGovernance principles are intended to help reduce the potential harms associated with the use or misuse of any information about an Indigenous community, including harms that are:\n