{"id":260,"date":"2013-11-21T18:58:43","date_gmt":"2013-11-21T18:58:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/?post_type=chapter&p=260"},"modified":"2016-11-21T21:22:33","modified_gmt":"2016-11-21T21:22:33","slug":"chapter-11-personality","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/chapter\/chapter-11-personality\/","title":{"raw":"12. Personality","rendered":"12. Personality"},"content":{"raw":"
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Identical Twins Reunited after 35 Years<\/h3>\r\nPaula Bernstein and Elyse Schein were identical twins who were adopted into separate families immediately after their births in 1968. It was only at the age of 35 that the twins were reunited and discovered how similar they were to each other.\r\n\r\nPaula Bernstein grew up in a happy home in suburban New York. She loved her adopted parents and older brother and even wrote an article titled \u201cWhy I Don\u2019t Want to Find My Birth Mother.\u201d Elyse\u2019s childhood, also a happy one, was followed by university and then film school abroad.\r\n\r\nIn 2003, 35 years after she was adopted, Elyse, acting on a whim, inquired about her biological family at the adoption agency. The response came back: \u201cYou were born on October 9, 1968, at 12:51 p.m., the younger of twin girls. You\u2019ve got a twin sister Paula, and she\u2019s looking for you.\u201d\r\n\r\n\u201cOh my God, I\u2019m a twin<\/em>! Can you believe this? Is this really happening?\u201d Elyse cried.\r\n\r\nElyse dialed Paula\u2019s phone number: \u201cIt\u2019s almost like I\u2019m hearing my own voice in a recorder back at me,\u201d she said.\r\n\r\n\u201cIt\u2019s funny because I feel like in a way I was talking to an old, close friend I never knew I had\u2026we had an immediate intimacy, and yet, we didn\u2019t know each other at all,\u201d Paula said.\r\n\r\nThe two women met for the first time at a caf\u00e9 for lunch and talked until the late evening.\r\n\r\n\u201cWe had 35 years to catch up on,\u201d said Paula. \u201cHow do you start asking somebody, \u2018What have you been up to since we shared a womb together?\u2019 Where do you start?\u201d\r\n\r\nWith each new detail revealed, the twins learned about their remarkable similarities. They\u2019d both gone to graduate school in film. They both loved to write, and they had both edited their high school yearbooks. They have similar taste in music.\r\n\r\n\u201cI think, you know, when we met it was undeniable that we were twins. Looking at this person, you are able to gaze into your own eyes and see yourself from the outside. This identical individual has the exact same DNA and is essentially your clone. We don\u2019t have to imagine,\u201d Paula said.\r\n\r\nNow they finally feel like sisters.\r\n\r\n\u201cBut it\u2019s perhaps even closer than sisters,\u201d Elyse said, \u201cbecause we\u2019re also twins.\u201d\r\n\r\nThe twins, who both now live in Brooklyn, combined their writing skills to write a book called Identical Strangers<\/em> about their childhoods and their experience of discovering an identical twin in their mid-30s (Spilius, 2007; Kuntzman, 2007).\r\n\r\nYou can learn more about the experiences of Paula Bernstein and Elyse Schein by viewing this video:<\/em>\r\n\r\nWatch: \"Elyse and Paula\" [YouTube]<\/a>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nOne of the most fundamental tendencies of human beings is to size up other people. We say that Bill is fun, that Marian is adventurous, or that Frank is dishonest. When we make these statements, we mean that we believe that these people have stable individual characteristics \u2014 their personalities<\/em>. Personality<\/strong> is defined as an individual\u2019s consistent patterns of feeling, thinking, and behaving<\/em> (John, Robins, & Pervin, 2008).\r\n\r\nThe tendency to perceive personality is a fundamental part of human nature, and a most adaptive one. If we can draw accurate generalizations about what other people are normally like, we can predict how they will behave in the future, and this can help us determine how they are likely to respond in different situations. Understanding personality can also help us better understand psychological disorders and the negative behavioural outcomes they may produce. In short, personality matters because it guides behaviour.\r\n\r\nIn this chapter we will consider the wide variety of personality traits found in human beings. We\u2019ll consider how and when personality influences our behaviour, and how well we perceive the personalities of others. We will also consider how psychologists measure personality, and the extent to which personality is caused by nature versus nurture. The fundamental goal of personality psychologists is to understand what makes people different from each other (the study of individual differences), but they also find that people who share genes (as do Paula Bernstein and Elyse Schein) have a remarkable similarity in personality.\r\n

References<\/h2>\r\nJohn, O. P., Robins, R. W., & Pervin, L. A. (2008).\u00a0Handbook of personality psychology: Theory and research<\/i>\u00a0(3rd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.\r\n\r\nKuntzman, G. (2007, October 6). Separated twins Paula Bernstein and Elyse Schein<\/a>.\u00a0The Brooklyn Paper<\/em>. Retrieved from\u00a0http:\/\/www.brooklynpaper.com\/stories\/30\/39\/30_39twins.html\r\n\r\nSpilius, A. (2007, October 27). Identical twins reunited after 35 years<\/a>.\u00a0Telegraph.<\/em>\u00a0Retrieved from\u00a0http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/1567542\/Identical-twins-reunited-after-35-years.html.","rendered":"
\n

Identical Twins Reunited after 35 Years<\/h3>\n

Paula Bernstein and Elyse Schein were identical twins who were adopted into separate families immediately after their births in 1968. It was only at the age of 35 that the twins were reunited and discovered how similar they were to each other.<\/p>\n

Paula Bernstein grew up in a happy home in suburban New York. She loved her adopted parents and older brother and even wrote an article titled \u201cWhy I Don\u2019t Want to Find My Birth Mother.\u201d Elyse\u2019s childhood, also a happy one, was followed by university and then film school abroad.<\/p>\n

In 2003, 35 years after she was adopted, Elyse, acting on a whim, inquired about her biological family at the adoption agency. The response came back: \u201cYou were born on October 9, 1968, at 12:51 p.m., the younger of twin girls. You\u2019ve got a twin sister Paula, and she\u2019s looking for you.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cOh my God, I\u2019m a twin<\/em>! Can you believe this? Is this really happening?\u201d Elyse cried.<\/p>\n

Elyse dialed Paula\u2019s phone number: \u201cIt\u2019s almost like I\u2019m hearing my own voice in a recorder back at me,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s funny because I feel like in a way I was talking to an old, close friend I never knew I had\u2026we had an immediate intimacy, and yet, we didn\u2019t know each other at all,\u201d Paula said.<\/p>\n

The two women met for the first time at a caf\u00e9 for lunch and talked until the late evening.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe had 35 years to catch up on,\u201d said Paula. \u201cHow do you start asking somebody, \u2018What have you been up to since we shared a womb together?\u2019 Where do you start?\u201d<\/p>\n

With each new detail revealed, the twins learned about their remarkable similarities. They\u2019d both gone to graduate school in film. They both loved to write, and they had both edited their high school yearbooks. They have similar taste in music.<\/p>\n

\u201cI think, you know, when we met it was undeniable that we were twins. Looking at this person, you are able to gaze into your own eyes and see yourself from the outside. This identical individual has the exact same DNA and is essentially your clone. We don\u2019t have to imagine,\u201d Paula said.<\/p>\n

Now they finally feel like sisters.<\/p>\n

\u201cBut it\u2019s perhaps even closer than sisters,\u201d Elyse said, \u201cbecause we\u2019re also twins.\u201d<\/p>\n

The twins, who both now live in Brooklyn, combined their writing skills to write a book called Identical Strangers<\/em> about their childhoods and their experience of discovering an identical twin in their mid-30s (Spilius, 2007; Kuntzman, 2007).<\/p>\n

You can learn more about the experiences of Paula Bernstein and Elyse Schein by viewing this video:<\/em><\/p>\n

Watch: “Elyse and Paula” [YouTube]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

One of the most fundamental tendencies of human beings is to size up other people. We say that Bill is fun, that Marian is adventurous, or that Frank is dishonest. When we make these statements, we mean that we believe that these people have stable individual characteristics \u2014 their personalities<\/em>. Personality<\/strong> is defined as an individual\u2019s consistent patterns of feeling, thinking, and behaving<\/em> (John, Robins, & Pervin, 2008).<\/p>\n

The tendency to perceive personality is a fundamental part of human nature, and a most adaptive one. If we can draw accurate generalizations about what other people are normally like, we can predict how they will behave in the future, and this can help us determine how they are likely to respond in different situations. Understanding personality can also help us better understand psychological disorders and the negative behavioural outcomes they may produce. In short, personality matters because it guides behaviour.<\/p>\n

In this chapter we will consider the wide variety of personality traits found in human beings. We\u2019ll consider how and when personality influences our behaviour, and how well we perceive the personalities of others. We will also consider how psychologists measure personality, and the extent to which personality is caused by nature versus nurture. The fundamental goal of personality psychologists is to understand what makes people different from each other (the study of individual differences), but they also find that people who share genes (as do Paula Bernstein and Elyse Schein) have a remarkable similarity in personality.<\/p>\n

References<\/h2>\n

John, O. P., Robins, R. W., & Pervin, L. A. (2008).\u00a0Handbook of personality psychology: Theory and research<\/i>\u00a0(3rd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.<\/p>\n

Kuntzman, G. (2007, October 6). Separated twins Paula Bernstein and Elyse Schein<\/a>.\u00a0The Brooklyn Paper<\/em>. Retrieved from\u00a0http:\/\/www.brooklynpaper.com\/stories\/30\/39\/30_39twins.html<\/p>\n

Spilius, A. (2007, October 27). Identical twins reunited after 35 years<\/a>.\u00a0Telegraph.<\/em>\u00a0Retrieved from\u00a0http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/1567542\/Identical-twins-reunited-after-35-years.html.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-260","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":451,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/260","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/260\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4672,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/260\/revisions\/4672"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/451"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/260\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=260"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=260"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=260"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductiontopsychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=260"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}