{"id":7989,"date":"2021-06-08T21:58:46","date_gmt":"2021-06-08T21:58:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/back-matter\/appendix-standard-reduction-potentials-by-value\/"},"modified":"2021-10-27T16:48:57","modified_gmt":"2021-10-27T16:48:57","slug":"appendix-standard-reduction-potentials-by-value","status":"publish","type":"back-matter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/back-matter\/appendix-standard-reduction-potentials-by-value\/","title":{"raw":"Appendix E: Standard Reduction Potentials by Value","rendered":"Appendix E: Standard Reduction Potentials by Value"},"content":{"raw":"<table style=\"width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0px\" cellpadding=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"col\" valign=\"top\">Standard Cathode (Reduction) Half-Reaction<\/th>\r\n<th scope=\"col\" valign=\"top\">Standard Reduction Potential E\u00b0 (volts)<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Li<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Li(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20133.040<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ba<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ba(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.92<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Rb<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Rb (<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-2.98<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">K<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0K(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-2.93<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cs<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Cs(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-2.92<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ba<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e-\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Ba(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-2.91<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Sr<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e-\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Sr(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-2.89<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e-\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Ca(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.84<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Na<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Na(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.713<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Mg(OH)<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Mg(<i>s<\/i>) + 2OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.687<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">La<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0La(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.38<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Mg<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Mn(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-2.356<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ce<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ce(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.336<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Al(OH)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Al(<i>s<\/i>) + 4OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.310<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">AlF<sub>6<\/sub><sup>3\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Al(<i>s<\/i>) + 6F<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.07<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Be<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Be(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.99<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">B(OH)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0B(<i>s<\/i>) + 4OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.811<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">U<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0U(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.66<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Al<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq) + 3e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Al(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.676<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SiF<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Si(<i>s<\/i>) + 6F<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.37<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Zn(CN)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Zn(<i>s<\/i>) + 4CN<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.34<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Zn(OH)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Zn(<i>s<\/i>) + 4OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.285<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Mn<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Mn(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.17<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">V<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0V(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.13<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2SO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0S<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.13<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Zn(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Zn(<i>s<\/i>) + 4NH<sub>3<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.04<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">O<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0(aq) + e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0O<sub>2<\/sub><sup>-<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-1.0<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cd(CN)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Cd(<i>s<\/i>) + 4CN<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.943<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MoO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 6<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21ccMo(<i>s<\/i>) + 8OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.913<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SiO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Si(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.909<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0SO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>+ 2OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.936<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cr<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Cr(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.90<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">B(OH)<sub>3<\/sub>\u00a0+ 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0B(<i>s<\/i>) + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.890<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + 2OH<sup>-<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.828<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Zn<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Zn(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.7618<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Co(OH)<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Co(<i>s<\/i>) + 2OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.746<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cr<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq) + 3e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Cr(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.424<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ni(OH)<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ni(<i>s<\/i>) + 2OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.72<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ag<sub>2<\/sub>S(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02Ag(<i>s<\/i>) + S<sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.71<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Se(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Se<sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.67 in 1 M NaOH<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cd(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Cd(<i>s<\/i>) + 4NH<sub>3<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.622<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2SO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21ccS<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.576 in 1 M NaOH<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">U<sup>4+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0U<sup>3+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.52<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SiO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 8H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 8<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0SiH<sub>4<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.516<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Sb + 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0SbH<sub>3<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.510<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">H<sub>3<\/sub>PO<sub>3<\/sub>+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>3<\/sub>PO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.50<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ni(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ni(<i>s<\/i>) + 6NH<sub>3<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.49<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2CO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>4<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.481<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cr<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Cr<sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.424<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Fe<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Fe(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.44<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">S(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0S<sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.407<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cd<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Cd(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.4030<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ag(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>2<\/sub><sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ag(<i>s<\/i>) + 2NH<sub>3<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.373<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ti<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ti<sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.37<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">PbSO<sub>4<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Pb(<i>s<\/i>) + SO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.356<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Co<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Co(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.277<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2SO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0S<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.25<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">N<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 5H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0N<sub>2<\/sub>H<sub>5<\/sub><sup>+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.23<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">H<sub>3<\/sub>PO<sub>4<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>3<\/sub>PO<sub>3<\/sub>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.28<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ni<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Ni(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.257<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">V<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0V<sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.255<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">As + 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0AsH<sub>3<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.225<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">CO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0HCO<sub>2<\/sub>H<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.20<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Mo<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Mo(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.2<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Sn<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Sn(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.19 in 1 M HCl<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ti<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ti(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.163<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MoO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Mo(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.152<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">AgI(<i>s<\/i>) +\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ag(<i>s<\/i>) + I<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.152<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Sn<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Sn(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.14<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Pb<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Pb(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.126<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">CrO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc2Cr(OH)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.13 in 1 M NaOH<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">WO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0W(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.119<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Se(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>Se(<i>g<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.115<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">CO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0CO(<i>g<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.106<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">WO<sub>3<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 6H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0W(<i>s<\/i>) + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.090<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Hg<sub>2<\/sub>I<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02Hg(<i>l<\/i>) + 2I<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.0405<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Fe<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq) + 3e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Fe(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.037<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.00<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">P(<i>s<\/i>,white) + 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0PH<sub>3<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.06<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">AgBr(<i>s<\/i>) +\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ag(<i>s<\/i>) + Br<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.071<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">S<sub>4<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc2S<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.080<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Co(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21ccCo(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.1<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ru(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ru(<i>s<\/i>) + Ru(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.10<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">S(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>S<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.144<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Sn<sup>4+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Sn<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.154<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cu<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Cu<sup>+<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.159<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">UO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21ccUO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.16<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Co(OH)<sub>3<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) +\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Co(OH)<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.17<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>-<\/sup>(aq) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l) + 2e-\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0ClO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>-<\/sup>(aq) + 2OH<sup>-<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.17<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.172<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">BiCl<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Bi(<i>s<\/i>) + 4Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.199<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SbO<sup>+\u00a0<\/sup>+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Sb(<i>s<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.212<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">AgCl(s) + e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Ag(s) + Cl<sup>-<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.2223<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HCHO + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0CH<sub>3<\/sub>OH<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.2323<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HAsO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0As(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.240<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ru<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ru<sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.249<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">IO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>+ 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 6<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0I<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.257<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Hg<sub>2<\/sub>Cl<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02Hg(<i>l<\/i>) + 2Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.2682<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">UO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21ccU<sup>4+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.27<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Bi<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Bi(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.317<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">UO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0U<sup>4+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.327<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">VO<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21ccV<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.337<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cu<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Cu(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.3419<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>-<\/sup>(aq) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0ClO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>-<\/sup>(aq) + 2OH<sup>-<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.35<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Fe(CN)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>3\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Fe(CN)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>4\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.356<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">O<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a04OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.401<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) +\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0\u00bdCl<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.421 in 1 M NaOH<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0Ag<sub>2<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>4<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02Ag(<i>s<\/i>) + C<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.47<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cu<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Cu(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.52<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">I<sub>2<\/sub>(s) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02I<sup>-<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.5355<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">I<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a03I<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.536<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ga<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ga(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.56<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cu<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0CuCl(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.559<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">S<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>3<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.569<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">H<sub>3<\/sub>AsO<sub>4<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0HAsO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.560<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>-<\/sup>(aq) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0ClO<sup>-<\/sup>(aq) + 2OH<sup>-<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.59<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MnO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0MnO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.60<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Sb<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>5<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 6H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02SbO<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.605<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">PtCl<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0PtCl<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2-<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.68<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">RuO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ru(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.68<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">O<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.695<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">PtCl<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Pt(<i>s<\/i>) + 4Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.73<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">H<sub>2<\/sub>SeO<sub>3<\/sub>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Se(<i>s<\/i>) + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.74<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Tl<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Tl(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.742<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Fe<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Fe<sup>2+<\/sup><sub>(aq)<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.771<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Hg<sub>2<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02Hg(l)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.7960<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ag<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + e-\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Ag(s)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.7996<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Hg<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Hg(l)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.8535<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cu<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ I<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0CuI(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.86<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ru(CN)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>3\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ru(<i>s<\/i>) + Ru(CN)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>4\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.86<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.890 in 1 M NaOH<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2Hg<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Hg<sub>2<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.911<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HgO(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Hg(<i>l<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.926<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">NO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0<i>H<\/i>NO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.94<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MnO<sub>2<\/sub>(s) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Mn<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0(aq) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(I)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.95<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">NO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>-<\/sup>(aq) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 3e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0NO(g) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.96<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HIO + H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0I<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.985<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HNO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0NO(<i>g<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.996<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">VO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0 +<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0VO<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.000<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">AuCl<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Au(<i>s<\/i>) + 4Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.002<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">NO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0(g) + H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0(aq) + e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0HNO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0(aq)<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.07<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Br<sub>2<\/sub>(l) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02Br<sup>-<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.087<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Fe(phen)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Fe(phen)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.147<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SeO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>3\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>SeO<sub>3<\/sub>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.151<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0ClO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.175<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0HClO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.181<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">IO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 5<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0\u00bdI<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.195<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Pt<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Pt(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.2<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0ClO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.201<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">O<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 4e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.229<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MnO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Mn<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.23<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Tl<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Tl<sup>+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.77 in 1 M HCl<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2HNO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0N<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>g<\/i>) + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.297<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HOBr + H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Br<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.341<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">Cr<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>7<\/sub><sup>2-<\/sup>(aq) + 14H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 6e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02Cr<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq) + 7H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.36<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cr<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>7<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 14H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02Cr<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 7H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.36<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cl<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02Cl<sup>-<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.396<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Au<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Au<sup>+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.36<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Hg<sub>2<\/sub>Br<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02Hg(<i>l<\/i>) + 2Br<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.392<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ce<sup>4+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Ce<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.44<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">PbO<sub>2<\/sub>(s) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Pb<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.46<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">BrO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Br<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.478<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Mn<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Mn<sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.5<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MnO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>-<\/sup>(aq) + 8H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 5e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Mn<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 4H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.51<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">BrO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 5<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0\u00bdBr<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>l<\/i>) + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.5<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Au<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Au(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.52<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2NO(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0N<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>g<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.59<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HOBr + H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0\u00bdBr<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.604<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HClO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0HOCl + H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.64<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">PbO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4<i>S<\/i>O<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0PbSO<sub>4<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.690<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MnO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0MnO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.70<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ce<sup>4+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ce<sup>3+<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.72<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">N<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0N<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.77<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub>(aq) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.763<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Au<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Au(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.83<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Co<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Co<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.92<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">S<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>8<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc2SO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.96<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">O<sub>3<\/sub>(g) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>\u2212<\/sup> \u21cc O<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2.07<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">BaO(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ba(<i>s<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2.365<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">F<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + 2e<sup>\u2212<\/sup> \u21cc\u00a02F<sup>\u2212<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2.87<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">F<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02HF<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">3.053<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nFrom\u00a0<a title=\"UC Davis Chem Wiki\" href=\"http:\/\/chemwiki.ucdavis.edu\/Reference\/Reference_Tables\/Electrochemistry_Tables\/P2%3A_Standard_Reduction_Potentials_by_Value\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UC Davis Chem Wiki<\/a> (Creative Commons licence): UC Davis GeoWiki by University of California, Davis. <a title=\"CC-BY-NC-SA-3.0\" href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/us\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CC-BY-NC-SA-3.0<\/a>\r\n\r\nOriginal source materials: Bard, A. J.; Parsons, B.; Jordon, J., eds.\u00a0<em>Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solutions<\/em>, Dekker: New York, 1985; Milazzo, G.; Caroli, S.; Sharma, V. K.\u00a0<em>Tables of Standard Electrode Potentials<\/em>, Wiley: London, 1978; Swift, E. H.; Butler, E. A.\u00a0<em>Quantitative Measurements and Chemical Equilibria<\/em>, Freeman: New York, 1972.","rendered":"<table style=\"width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px; border-spacing: 0pxpx;\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\" valign=\"top\">Standard Cathode (Reduction) Half-Reaction<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\" valign=\"top\">Standard Reduction Potential E\u00b0 (volts)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Li<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Li(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20133.040<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ba<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ba(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.92<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Rb<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Rb (<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-2.98<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">K<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0K(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-2.93<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cs<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Cs(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-2.92<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ba<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e-\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Ba(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-2.91<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Sr<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e-\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Sr(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-2.89<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e-\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Ca(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.84<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Na<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Na(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.713<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Mg(OH)<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Mg(<i>s<\/i>) + 2OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.687<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">La<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0La(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.38<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Mg<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Mn(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-2.356<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ce<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ce(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.336<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Al(OH)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Al(<i>s<\/i>) + 4OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.310<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">AlF<sub>6<\/sub><sup>3\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Al(<i>s<\/i>) + 6F<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20132.07<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Be<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Be(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.99<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">B(OH)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0B(<i>s<\/i>) + 4OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.811<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">U<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0U(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.66<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Al<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq) + 3e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Al(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.676<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SiF<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Si(<i>s<\/i>) + 6F<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.37<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Zn(CN)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Zn(<i>s<\/i>) + 4CN<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.34<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Zn(OH)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Zn(<i>s<\/i>) + 4OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.285<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Mn<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Mn(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.17<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">V<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0V(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2SO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0S<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Zn(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Zn(<i>s<\/i>) + 4NH<sub>3<\/sub><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20131.04<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">O<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0(aq) + e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0O<sub>2<\/sub><sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-1.0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cd(CN)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Cd(<i>s<\/i>) + 4CN<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.943<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MoO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 6<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21ccMo(<i>s<\/i>) + 8OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.913<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SiO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Si(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.909<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0SO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>+ 2OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.936<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cr<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Cr(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.90<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">B(OH)<sub>3<\/sub>\u00a0+ 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0B(<i>s<\/i>) + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.890<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + 2OH<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.828<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Zn<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Zn(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.7618<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Co(OH)<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Co(<i>s<\/i>) + 2OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.746<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cr<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq) + 3e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Cr(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.424<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ni(OH)<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ni(<i>s<\/i>) + 2OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.72<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ag<sub>2<\/sub>S(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02Ag(<i>s<\/i>) + S<sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.71<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Se(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Se<sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.67 in 1 M NaOH<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cd(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Cd(<i>s<\/i>) + 4NH<sub>3<\/sub><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.622<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2SO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21ccS<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.576 in 1 M NaOH<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">U<sup>4+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0U<sup>3+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.52<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SiO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 8H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 8<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0SiH<sub>4<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.516<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Sb + 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0SbH<sub>3<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.510<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">H<sub>3<\/sub>PO<sub>3<\/sub>+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>3<\/sub>PO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ni(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ni(<i>s<\/i>) + 6NH<sub>3<\/sub><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2CO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>4<\/sub><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.481<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cr<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Cr<sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.424<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Fe<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Fe(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.44<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">S(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0S<sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.407<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cd<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Cd(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.4030<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ag(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>2<\/sub><sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ag(<i>s<\/i>) + 2NH<sub>3<\/sub><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.373<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ti<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ti<sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.37<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">PbSO<sub>4<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Pb(<i>s<\/i>) + SO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.356<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Co<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Co(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.277<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2SO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0S<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">N<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 5H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0N<sub>2<\/sub>H<sub>5<\/sub><sup>+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">H<sub>3<\/sub>PO<sub>4<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>3<\/sub>PO<sub>3<\/sub>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.28<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ni<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Ni(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.257<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">V<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0V<sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.255<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">As + 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0AsH<sub>3<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.225<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">CO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0HCO<sub>2<\/sub>H<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Mo<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Mo(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Sn<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Sn(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.19 in 1 M HCl<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ti<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ti(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.163<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MoO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Mo(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.152<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">AgI(<i>s<\/i>) +\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ag(<i>s<\/i>) + I<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.152<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Sn<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Sn(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.14<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Pb<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Pb(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.126<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">CrO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc2Cr(OH)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.13 in 1 M NaOH<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">WO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0W(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.119<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Se(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>Se(<i>g<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.115<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">CO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0CO(<i>g<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.106<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">WO<sub>3<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 6H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0W(<i>s<\/i>) + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.090<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Hg<sub>2<\/sub>I<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02Hg(<i>l<\/i>) + 2I<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u20130.0405<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Fe<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq) + 3e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Fe(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.037<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.00<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">P(<i>s<\/i>,white) + 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0PH<sub>3<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.06<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">AgBr(<i>s<\/i>) +\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ag(<i>s<\/i>) + Br<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.071<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">S<sub>4<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc2S<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.080<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Co(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21ccCo(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ru(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ru(<i>s<\/i>) + Ru(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">S(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.144<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Sn<sup>4+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Sn<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.154<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cu<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Cu<sup>+<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.159<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">UO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21ccUO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.16<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Co(OH)<sub>3<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) +\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Co(OH)<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.17<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l) + 2e-\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0ClO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq) + 2OH<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.17<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.172<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">BiCl<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Bi(<i>s<\/i>) + 4Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.199<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SbO<sup>+\u00a0<\/sup>+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Sb(<i>s<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.212<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">AgCl(s) + e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Ag(s) + Cl<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.2223<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HCHO + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0CH<sub>3<\/sub>OH<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.2323<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HAsO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0As(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.240<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ru<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ru<sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.249<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">IO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>+ 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 6<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0I<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.257<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Hg<sub>2<\/sub>Cl<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02Hg(<i>l<\/i>) + 2Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.2682<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">UO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21ccU<sup>4+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.27<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Bi<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Bi(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.317<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">UO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0U<sup>4+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.327<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">VO<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21ccV<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.337<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cu<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Cu(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.3419<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0ClO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq) + 2OH<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Fe(CN)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>3\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Fe(CN)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>4\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.356<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">O<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a04OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.401<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) +\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0\u00bdCl<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.421 in 1 M NaOH<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0Ag<sub>2<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>4<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02Ag(<i>s<\/i>) + C<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.47<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cu<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Cu(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.52<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">I<sub>2<\/sub>(s) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02I<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.5355<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">I<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a03I<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.536<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ga<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ga(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">-0.56<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cu<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0CuCl(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.559<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">S<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>3<\/sub><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.569<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">H<sub>3<\/sub>AsO<sub>4<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0HAsO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.560<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0ClO<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq) + 2OH<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.59<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MnO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0MnO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Sb<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>5<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 6H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02SbO<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.605<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">PtCl<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0PtCl<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2-<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.68<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">RuO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ru(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.68<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">O<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.695<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">PtCl<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Pt(<i>s<\/i>) + 4Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.73<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">H<sub>2<\/sub>SeO<sub>3<\/sub>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Se(<i>s<\/i>) + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.74<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Tl<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Tl(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.742<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Fe<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Fe<sup>2+<\/sup><sub>(aq)<\/sub><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.771<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Hg<sub>2<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02Hg(l)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.7960<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ag<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + e-\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Ag(s)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.7996<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Hg<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Hg(l)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.8535<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cu<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ I<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0CuI(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.86<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ru(CN)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>3\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ru(<i>s<\/i>) + Ru(CN)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>4\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.86<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2OH<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.890 in 1 M NaOH<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2Hg<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Hg<sub>2<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.911<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HgO(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Hg(<i>l<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.926<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">NO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0<i>H<\/i>NO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.94<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MnO<sub>2<\/sub>(s) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Mn<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0(aq) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(I)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.95<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">NO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 3e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0NO(g) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.96<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HIO + H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0I<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.985<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HNO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0NO(<i>g<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.996<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">VO<sub>2<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0 +<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0VO<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">AuCl<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Au(<i>s<\/i>) + 4Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">NO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0(g) + H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0(aq) + e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0HNO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0(aq)<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.07<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Br<sub>2<\/sub>(l) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02Br<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.087<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Fe(phen)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Fe(phen)<sub>6<\/sub><sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.147<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">SeO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>3\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>SeO<sub>3<\/sub>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.151<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0ClO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.175<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0HClO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.181<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">IO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 5<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0\u00bdI<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.195<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Pt<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Pt(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ClO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0ClO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.201<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">O<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 4e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.229<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MnO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Mn<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Tl<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Tl<sup>+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0.77 in 1 M HCl<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2HNO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0N<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>g<\/i>) + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.297<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HOBr + H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Br<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.341<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">Cr<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>7<\/sub><sup>2-<\/sup>(aq) + 14H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 6e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02Cr<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq) + 7H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cr<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>7<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 14H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02Cr<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 7H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cl<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02Cl<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.396<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Au<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Au<sup>+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Hg<sub>2<\/sub>Br<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02Hg(<i>l<\/i>) + 2Br<sup>\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.392<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ce<sup>4+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Ce<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.44<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">PbO<sub>2<\/sub>(s) + 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Pb<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.46<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">BrO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Br<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.478<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Mn<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Mn<sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MnO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq) + 8H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 5e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Mn<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq) + 4H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.51<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">BrO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 6H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 5<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0\u00bdBr<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>l<\/i>) + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Au<sup>3+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Au(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.52<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2NO(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0N<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>g<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.59<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HOBr + H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0\u00bdBr<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.604<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HClO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0HOCl + H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.64<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">PbO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 4<i>S<\/i>O<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0PbSO<sub>4<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.690<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">MnO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 4H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+3<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0MnO<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.70<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ce<sup>4+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ce<sup>3+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.72<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">N<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0N<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.77<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub>(aq) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a02H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.763<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Au<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+\u00a0<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Au(<i>s<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.83<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Co<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq) + e<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0\u21cc\u00a0Co<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.92<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">S<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>8<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc2SO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1.96<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">O<sub>3<\/sub>(g) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>\u2212<\/sup> \u21cc O<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2.07<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">BaO(<i>s<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a0Ba(<i>s<\/i>) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(<i>l<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2.365<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">F<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + 2e<sup>\u2212<\/sup> \u21cc\u00a02F<sup>\u2212<\/sup>(aq)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2.87<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">F<sub>2<\/sub>(<i>g<\/i>) + 2H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0+ 2<i>e<\/i><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u21cc\u00a02HF<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">3.053<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>From\u00a0<a title=\"UC Davis Chem Wiki\" href=\"http:\/\/chemwiki.ucdavis.edu\/Reference\/Reference_Tables\/Electrochemistry_Tables\/P2%3A_Standard_Reduction_Potentials_by_Value\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UC Davis Chem Wiki<\/a> (Creative Commons licence): UC Davis GeoWiki by University of California, Davis. <a title=\"CC-BY-NC-SA-3.0\" href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/us\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CC-BY-NC-SA-3.0<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Original source materials: Bard, A. J.; Parsons, B.; Jordon, J., eds.\u00a0<em>Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solutions<\/em>, Dekker: New York, 1985; Milazzo, G.; Caroli, S.; Sharma, V. K.\u00a0<em>Tables of Standard Electrode Potentials<\/em>, Wiley: London, 1978; Swift, E. H.; Butler, E. A.\u00a0<em>Quantitative Measurements and Chemical Equilibria<\/em>, Freeman: New York, 1972.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":90,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"back-matter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-7989","back-matter","type-back-matter","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/7989","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/back-matter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/90"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/7989\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9046,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/7989\/revisions\/9046"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/7989\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7989"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"back-matter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter-type?post=7989"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=7989"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=7989"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}