{"id":577,"date":"2016-01-11T20:00:21","date_gmt":"2016-01-11T20:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistryclone\/chapter\/end-of-chapter-material-25\/"},"modified":"2020-04-20T16:35:25","modified_gmt":"2020-04-20T16:35:25","slug":"end-of-chapter-9-material","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistryclone\/chapter\/end-of-chapter-9-material\/","title":{"raw":"End-of-Chapter Material","rendered":"End-of-Chapter Material"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n
\r\n
\r\n

Additional Exercises<\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n \t
  1. \r\n
    \r\n

    Explain why iron and copper have the same Lewis electron dot diagram when they have different numbers of electrons.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  2. \r\n
    \r\n

    Name two ions with the same Lewis electron dot diagram as the Cl\u2212<\/sup> ion.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  3. \r\n
    \r\n

    Based on the known trends, what ionic compound from the first column of the periodic table and the next-to-last column of the periodic table should have the highest lattice energy?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  4. \r\n
    \r\n

    Based on the known trends, what ionic compound from the first column of the periodic table and the next-to-last column of the periodic table should have the lowest lattice energy?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  5. \r\n
    \r\n

    P2<\/sub> is not a stable form of phosphorus, but if it were, what would be its likely Lewis electron dot diagram?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  6. \r\n
    \r\n

    Se2<\/sub> is not a stable form of selenium, but if it were, what would be its likely Lewis electron dot diagram?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  7. \r\n
    \r\n

    What are the Lewis electron dot diagrams of SO2<\/sub>, SO3<\/sub>, and SO4<\/sub>2\u2212<\/sup>?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  8. \r\n
    \r\n

    What are the Lewis electron dot diagrams of PO3<\/sub>3\u2212<\/sup> and PO4<\/sub>3\u2212<\/sup>?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  9. \r\n
    \r\n

    Which bond do you expect to be more polar\u2014an O\u2013H bond or an N\u2013H bond?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  10. \r\n
    \r\n

    Which bond do you expect to be more polar\u2014an O\u2013F bond or an S\u2013O bond?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  11. \r\n
    \r\n

    Use bond energies to estimate the energy change of this reaction.<\/p>\r\nC3<\/sub>H8<\/sub> +\u00a05 O2<\/sub> \u2192\u00a03 CO2<\/sub> +\u00a04 H2<\/sub>O<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  12. \r\n
    \r\n

    Use bond energies to estimate the energy change of this reaction.<\/p>\r\nN2<\/sub>H4<\/sub> +\u00a0O2<\/sub> \u2192\u00a0N2<\/sub> +\u00a02 H2<\/sub>O<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  13. \r\n
    \r\n

    Ethylene (C2<\/sub>H4<\/sub>) has two central atoms. Determine the geometry around each central atom and the shape of the overall molecule.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  14. \r\n

    Hydrogen peroxide (H2<\/sub>O2<\/sub>) has two central atoms. Determine the geometry around each central atom and the shape of the overall molecule.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  15. \r\n

    Determine the molecular dipole moments for the following molecules:<\/p>\r\n\"dipole_moment_questions\"<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t

  16. \r\n

    What is the hybridization in the central atom of:<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

    a) \u00a0HCN<\/p>\r\n

    b) \u00a0NH4<\/sub><\/p>\r\nc) \u00a0TeBr2<\/sub>\r\n

    17. \u00a0Draw the molecular orbital electron configuration energy diagram of He2<\/sub>\u00a0and determine the bond order.<\/p>\r\n

    18. \u00a0Draw the\u00a0molecular orbital electron configuration energy diagram of O2<\/sub>\u00a0and determine the bond order.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

    \r\n

    Answers<\/h3>\r\n
    1.\u00a0<\/strong>Iron has d<\/em> electrons that typically are not shown on Lewis electron dot diagrams.<\/div>\r\n
    \r\n\r\n3.\u00a0<\/strong>LiF5.<\/strong>\r\n

    It would be like N2<\/sub>:<\/p>\r\n

    \"P-P\"<\/a><\/p>\r\n7.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\"S-O\"<\/a>\r\n\r\n9.\u00a0<\/strong>an O\u2013H bond\r\n\r\n11.\u00a0<\/strong>\u22122,000 kJ\r\n\r\n13.\u00a0<\/strong>trigonal planar about both central C atoms\r\n\r\n15.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\"dipole_moment_solutions\"<\/a>\r\n\r\n17.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\"He2_MO_config_001\"<\/a>\r\nbond order = 0\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

    <\/div>","rendered":"
    \n
    \n
    \n

    Additional Exercises<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \n

      Explain why iron and copper have the same Lewis electron dot diagram when they have different numbers of electrons.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n
      \n

      Name two ions with the same Lewis electron dot diagram as the Cl\u2212<\/sup> ion.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n
      \n

      Based on the known trends, what ionic compound from the first column of the periodic table and the next-to-last column of the periodic table should have the highest lattice energy?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n
      \n

      Based on the known trends, what ionic compound from the first column of the periodic table and the next-to-last column of the periodic table should have the lowest lattice energy?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

    5. \n
      \n

      P2<\/sub> is not a stable form of phosphorus, but if it were, what would be its likely Lewis electron dot diagram?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

    6. \n
      \n

      Se2<\/sub> is not a stable form of selenium, but if it were, what would be its likely Lewis electron dot diagram?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

    7. \n
      \n

      What are the Lewis electron dot diagrams of SO2<\/sub>, SO3<\/sub>, and SO4<\/sub>2\u2212<\/sup>?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

    8. \n
      \n

      What are the Lewis electron dot diagrams of PO3<\/sub>3\u2212<\/sup> and PO4<\/sub>3\u2212<\/sup>?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

    9. \n
      \n

      Which bond do you expect to be more polar\u2014an O\u2013H bond or an N\u2013H bond?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

    10. \n
      \n

      Which bond do you expect to be more polar\u2014an O\u2013F bond or an S\u2013O bond?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

    11. \n
      \n

      Use bond energies to estimate the energy change of this reaction.<\/p>\n

      C3<\/sub>H8<\/sub> +\u00a05 O2<\/sub> \u2192\u00a03 CO2<\/sub> +\u00a04 H2<\/sub>O<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

    12. \n
      \n

      Use bond energies to estimate the energy change of this reaction.<\/p>\n

      N2<\/sub>H4<\/sub> +\u00a0O2<\/sub> \u2192\u00a0N2<\/sub> +\u00a02 H2<\/sub>O<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

    13. \n
      \n

      Ethylene (C2<\/sub>H4<\/sub>) has two central atoms. Determine the geometry around each central atom and the shape of the overall molecule.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

    14. \n

      Hydrogen peroxide (H2<\/sub>O2<\/sub>) has two central atoms. Determine the geometry around each central atom and the shape of the overall molecule.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    15. \n

      Determine the molecular dipole moments for the following molecules:<\/p>\n

      \"dipole_moment_questions\"<\/a><\/li>\n

    16. \n

      What is the hybridization in the central atom of:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      a) \u00a0HCN<\/p>\n

      b) \u00a0NH4<\/sub><\/p>\n

      c) \u00a0TeBr2<\/sub><\/p>\n

      17. \u00a0Draw the molecular orbital electron configuration energy diagram of He2<\/sub>\u00a0and determine the bond order.<\/p>\n

      18. \u00a0Draw the\u00a0molecular orbital electron configuration energy diagram of O2<\/sub>\u00a0and determine the bond order.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      Answers<\/h3>\n
      1.\u00a0<\/strong>Iron has d<\/em> electrons that typically are not shown on Lewis electron dot diagrams.<\/div>\n
      \n

      3.\u00a0<\/strong>LiF5.<\/strong><\/p>\n

      It would be like N2<\/sub>:<\/p>\n

      \"P-P\"<\/a><\/p>\n

      7.<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \"S-O\"<\/a><\/p>\n

      9.\u00a0<\/strong>an O\u2013H bond<\/p>\n

      11.\u00a0<\/strong>\u22122,000 kJ<\/p>\n

      13.\u00a0<\/strong>trigonal planar about both central C atoms<\/p>\n

      15.<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \"dipole_moment_solutions\"<\/a><\/p>\n

      17.<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \"He2_MO_config_001\"<\/a>
      \nbond order = 0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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