{"id":500,"date":"2019-12-01T20:17:12","date_gmt":"2019-12-02T01:17:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/nursingpharmacology\/chapter\/10-9-antigout\/"},"modified":"2022-07-13T21:02:06","modified_gmt":"2022-07-14T01:02:06","slug":"10-9-antigout","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/nursingpharmacology\/chapter\/10-9-antigout\/","title":{"raw":"10.9 Antigout","rendered":"10.9 Antigout"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n\r\nAntigout medications are used to treat gout, a musculoskeletal disorder. Some antigout medications, such as colchicine, are classified as anti-inflammatory medications. Allopurinol is commonly used to prevent gout from recurring.\r\n

Allopurinol<\/h1>\r\n

Mechanism of Action<\/h2>\r\nAllopurinol<\/a> blocks the production of uric acid by inhibiting the action of xanthine oxidase.[footnote]Vallerand, A., & Sanoski, C. A. (2019). Davis\u2019s Drug Guide for Nurses <\/em>(16th ed.). F.A. Davis Company.[\/footnote]\r\n

Indications for Use<\/h2>\r\nAllopurinol is used for the prevention and treatment of gouty arthritis and nephropathy and for the treatment of secondary hyperuricemia.\r\n

Nursing Considerations Across the Lifespan<\/h2>\r\nAllopurinol is safe for all ages. For clients with renal impairment, the dose will be reduced.\r\n

Adverse\/Side Effects<\/h2>\r\nAdverse effects include hypotension, flushing, hypertension, drowsiness, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, hepatitis, renal failure, or a drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome or drug hypersensitivity syndrome.[footnote]Cleveland Clinic. (2017, January 26). Acute v. chronic pain.<\/em> https:\/\/my.clevelandclinic.org\/health\/articles\/12051-acute-vs-chronic-pain<\/a>. [\/footnote]\r\n

Client Teaching & Education<\/h2>\r\nThe medication should be taken as directed.\u00a0 An alkaline diet may be ordered for the client, and they may be advised to increase fluid intake to prevent kidney stone formation. The medication may cause dizziness or drowsiness. Clients who consume large amounts of alcohol may increase uric acid concentrations and decrease the effectiveness of the medication. If clients develop a rash or blood in the urine, this should be reported promptly to the healthcare provider.\r\n

Allopurinol Medication Card<\/h1>\r\n
\r\n\r\nNow let's take a closer look at the medication card for allopurinol[footnote]This work is a derivative of Daily Med<\/a> by U.S. National Library of Medicine<\/a> in the public domain<\/a>. [\/footnote] Medication cards like this are intended to assist students to learn key points about each medication. Because information about medication is constantly changing, nurses should always consult evidence-based resources to review current recommendations before administering specific medication. Basic information related to each class of medication is outlined below.\u00a0 Prototype or generic medication examples are also hyperlinked to a free resource at Daily Med<\/a>. On the home page, enter the drug name in the search bar to read more about the medication.\r\n
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Medication Card 10.9.1: Allopurinol<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n
\r\n\r\nGeneric Name: <\/strong>allopurinol<\/a>\r\n\r\nPrototype\/Brand Name: <\/strong>Purinol\r\n\r\nMechanism: <\/strong>blocks production of uric acid by inhibiting the action of xanthine oxidase\r\n

Therapeutic Effects<\/h3>\r\n