{"id":158,"date":"2020-02-26T21:35:49","date_gmt":"2020-02-27T02:35:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/chapter\/teamwork-and-leadership\/"},"modified":"2022-01-05T18:36:42","modified_gmt":"2022-01-05T23:36:42","slug":"teamwork-and-leadership","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/chapter\/teamwork-and-leadership\/","title":{"raw":"Teamwork and Leadership","rendered":"Teamwork and Leadership"},"content":{"raw":"<p class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">Two important aspects of group communication\u2014especially in the business environment\u2014are teamwork and leadership. You will work in a team and at some point may be called on to lead. You may emerge to that role as the group recognizes your specific skill set in relation to the task, or you may be appointed to a position of responsibility for yourself and others. Your communication skills will be your foundation for success as a member and as a leader. Listen and seek to understand both the task and your group members as you become involved with the new effort. Have confidence in yourself and inspire the trust of others. Know that leading and following are both integral aspects of effective teamwork.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h1 id=\"h.8z55c27lusmx\" class=\"c29\"><span class=\"c6\">Teamwork<\/span><\/h1>\n<p class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c17 c9\">Teams<\/span><span class=\"c0\"> are a form of a group normally dedicated to production or problem solving. Teams can often achieve higher levels of performance than individuals because of the combined energies and talents of the members. Collaboration can produce motivation and creativity that may not be present in single-contractor projects. Individuals also have a sense of belonging to the group, and the range of views and diversity can energize the process, helping address creative blocks and stalemates. By involving members of the team in decision-making, and calling upon each member\u2019s area of contribution, teams can produce positive results.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_155\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"700\"]<img class=\"wp-image-155\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2020\/02\/image8-4-e1612312728617.png\" alt=\"illustration of the word teamwork in a colourful design\" width=\"700\" height=\"202\"> Figure 45.1[\/caption]\n<p class=\"c5\">Teamwork is not without its challenges. The work itself may prove a challenge as members juggle competing assignments and personal commitments. The work may also be compromised if team members are expected to conform and pressured to go along with a procedure, plan, or product that they themselves have not developed. <span class=\"c17 c9\">Groupthink<\/span><span class=\"c0\">, or the tendency to accept the group\u2019s ideas and actions in spite of individual concerns, can also compromise the process and reduce efficiency. Personalities and competition can play a role in a team\u2019s failure to produce.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">We can recognize that people want to belong to a successful team, and celebrating incremental gain can focus the attention on the project and its goals. Members will be more willing to express thoughts and opinions, and follow through with actions, when they perceive that they are an important part of the team. By failing to include all the team members, valuable insights may be lost in the rush to judgment or production. Making time for planning, and giving each member time to study, reflect, and contribute can allow them to gain valuable insights from each other, and may make them more likely to contribute information that challenges the status quo. Unconventional or \"devil\u2019s advocate\" thinking may prove insightful and serve to challenge the process in a positive way, improving the production of the team. Respect for divergent views can encourage open discussion.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c5\">John Thill and Courtland Bovee<span class=\"c0\">\u00a0(2002) provide a valuable list to consider when setting up a team as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"c23 lst-kix_me0j5w1c1fi8-0 start\">\n \t<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Select team members wisely<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Select a responsible leader<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Promote cooperation<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Clarify goals<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Elicit commitment<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Clarify responsibilities<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Instill prompt action<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Apply technology<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Ensure technological compatibility<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Provide prompt feedback<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c17 c9\">Group dynamics<\/span><span class=\"c0\">\u00a0involve the interactions and processes of a team and influence the degree to which members feel a part of the goal and mission. A team with a strong identity can prove to be a powerful force, but it requires time and commitment. A team that exerts too much control over individual members can run the risk of reducing creative interactions and encourage tunnel vision. A team that exerts too little control, with attention to process and areas of specific responsibility, may not be productive. The balance between motivation and encouragement, and control and influence, is challenging as team members represent diverse viewpoints and approaches to the problem. A skilled business communicator creates a positive team by first selecting members based on their areas of skill and expertise, but attention to their style of communication is also warranted. Individuals that typically work alone or tend to be introverted may need additional encouragement to participate. Extroverts may need to be encouraged to listen to others and not dominate the conversation.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h1 id=\"h.r0eyp0xhhw5d\" class=\"c19\"><span class=\"c13\">Leadership<\/span><\/h1>\n<p class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c24 c22\">Leadership is one of the most studied aspects of group communication. Scholars in business, communication, psychology, and many other fields have written extensively about the qualities of leaders, theories of leadership, and how to build leadership skills. It\u2019s important to point out that although a group may have only one official leader, other group members play important leadership roles. Making this distinction also helps us differentiate between leaders and leadership (Hargie, <\/span><span class=\"c24 c22\">2011<\/span><span class=\"c24 c22\">). The <\/span><span class=\"c9\">leader<\/span><span class=\"c9\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"c24 c22\">is a group role that is associated with a high-status position and may be formally or informally recognized by group members. <\/span><span class=\"c9 c22\">Leadership<\/span><span class=\"c8 c22\">\u00a0is a complex of beliefs, communication patterns, and behaviours that influence the functioning of a group and move a group toward the completion of its task. A person in the role of leader may provide no or poor leadership. Likewise, a person who is not recognized as a \"leader\" in title can provide excellent leadership. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c5\"><img class=\"wp-image-156 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2022\/01\/image9-150x150.png\" alt=\"illustration of a book with a pen writing text onto it\" width=\"77\" height=\"77\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"c5\">Navigate to the following quick quiz: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.verywellmind.com\/whats-your-leadership-style-3866929\">What's Your Leadership Style?<\/a><\/p>\n\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2 id=\"h.crros5y5m5cq\" class=\"c27\"><span class=\"c24 c22 c32\">Leadership Styles<\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"c26\"><span class=\"c24 c22\">Given the large amount of research done on leadership, it is not surprising that there are several different ways to define or categorize leadership styles. In general, effective leaders do not fit solely into one style in any of the following classifications. Instead, they are able to adapt their leadership style to fit the relational and situational context (Wood, <\/span><span class=\"c24 c22\">1977<\/span><span class=\"c8 c22\">). <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c26\"><span class=\"c24 c22\"><img class=\" wp-image-157 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2022\/01\/image7-1-150x150.png\" alt=\"image of a book to represent reading icon\" width=\"83\" height=\"83\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c26\"><span class=\"c24 c22\">Read and review the following article from MindTools that describes a variety of leadership style models: <\/span><span class=\"c1 c22\"><a class=\"c20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.mindtools.com\/pages\/article\/newLDR_84.htm&amp;sa=D&amp;ust=1522969246934000\">Leadership styles: Choosing the right approach for the <\/a><a class=\"c20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.mindtools.com\/pages\/article\/newLDR_84.htm&amp;sa=D&amp;ust=1522969246935000\">situation<\/a><a class=\"c20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.mindtools.com\/pages\/article\/newLDR_84.htm&amp;sa=D&amp;ust=1522969246935000\">.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c26\"><span class=\"c22 c24\">One common way to study leadership style is to make a distinction among autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire leaders (Lewin, Lippitt, &amp; White, <\/span><span class=\"c24 c22\">1939<\/span><span class=\"c8 c22\">). These leadership styles can be described as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"c23 lst-kix_pcv0k9rfbb92-0 start\">\n \t<li class=\"c34\"><span class=\"c24 c17 c9 c22\">Autocratic leaders<\/span><span class=\"c8 c22\">\u00a0set policies and make decisions primarily on their own, taking advantage of the power present in their title or status to set the agenda for the group.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c33\"><span class=\"c24 c17 c9 c22\">Democratic leaders<\/span><span class=\"c8 c22\">\u00a0facilitate group discussion and like to take input from all members before making a decision.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c33\"><span class=\"c24 c17 c9 c22\">Laissez-faire leaders<\/span><span class=\"c24 c22\">\u00a0take a \"hands-off\" approach, preferring to give group members freedom to reach and implement their own decisions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"c5\">Thomas Harris and John Sherblom\u00a0(1999) specifically note three leadership styles that characterize the modern business or organization, and reflect our modern economy. We are not born leaders but may become them if the context or environment requires our skill set. <span class=\"c17 c9\">A leader-as-technician<\/span><span class=\"c0\"> role often occurs when we have skills that others do not. If you can fix the copy machine at the office, your leadership and ability to get it running again are prized and sought-after skills. You may instruct others on how to load the paper or how to change the toner, and even though your pay grade may not reflect this leadership role, you are looked to by the group as a leader within that context. Technical skills, from internet technology to facilities maintenance, may experience moments where their particular area of knowledge is required to solve a problem. Their leadership will be in demand.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c5\">The<span class=\"c17 c9\">\u00a0leader-as-conductor<\/span><span class=\"c0\">\u00a0involves a central role of bringing people together for a common goal. In the common analogy, a conductor leads an orchestra and integrates the specialized skills and sounds of the various components the musical group comprises. In the same way, a leader who conducts may set a vision, create benchmarks, and collaborate with a group as they interpret a set script. Whether it is a beautiful movement in music or a group of teams that comes together to address a common challenge, the leader-as-conductor keeps the time and tempo of the group.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c5\">Coaches are often discussed in business-related books as models of leadership for good reason. <span class=\"c17 c9\">A leader-as-coach <\/span>combines many of the talents and skills we\u2019ve discussed here, serving as a teacher, motivator, and keeper of the goals of the group. A coach may be autocratic at times, give pointed direction without input from the group, and stand on the sidelines while the players do what they\u2019ve been trained to do and make the points. The coach may look out for the group and defend it against bad calls, and may motivate players with words of encouragement. Coaches are teachers, motivators, and keepers of the goals of the group. Coaches serve to redirect the attention and energy of the individuals to the overall goals of the group. \u00a0We can recognize some of the behaviors of coaches, but what specific traits have a positive influence on the group? Thomas Peters and Nancy Austin<span class=\"c0\">\u00a0(1985) identify five important traits that produce results:<\/span><\/p>\n\n<ol>\n \t<li class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">Orientation and education<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">Nurturing and encouragement<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">Assessment and correction<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">Listening and counseling<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">Establishing group emphasis<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Text Attributions<\/h3>\n<ul>\n \t<li>This chapter was adapted from \"<a href=\"https:\/\/ecampusontario.pressbooks.pub\/commbusprofcdn\/chapter\/teamwork-and-leadership\/\">Teamwork and Leadership<\/a>\" in\u00a0<em>Communication for Business Professionals \u2013 Canadian Edition\u00a0<\/em>published by eCampusOntario, which was adapted from <a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/open.lib.umn.edu\/businesscommunication\/\"><em>Business Communication for Success\u00a0<\/em><\/a>by a publisher who has requested that they and the original author not receive attribution (and republished by University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing). Adapted by Allison Kilgannon.\u00a0<a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Media Attributions<\/h3>\n<ul>\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/ru\/illustrations\/%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0-%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%B2-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5-%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F-3242301\/\">Figure 45.1<\/a> \u00a9 geralt is licensed under\u00a0a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/service\/license\/\">Pixabay License.<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Icon \"book and pen\" \u00a9 eCampus Ontario is licensed under\u00a0<a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA<\/a>.<\/li>\n \t<li>Icon \"book\" \u00a9\u00a0eCampus Ontario is licensed under\u00a0<a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","rendered":"<p class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">Two important aspects of group communication\u2014especially in the business environment\u2014are teamwork and leadership. You will work in a team and at some point may be called on to lead. You may emerge to that role as the group recognizes your specific skill set in relation to the task, or you may be appointed to a position of responsibility for yourself and others. Your communication skills will be your foundation for success as a member and as a leader. Listen and seek to understand both the task and your group members as you become involved with the new effort. Have confidence in yourself and inspire the trust of others. Know that leading and following are both integral aspects of effective teamwork.<\/span><\/p>\n<h1 id=\"h.8z55c27lusmx\" class=\"c29\"><span class=\"c6\">Teamwork<\/span><\/h1>\n<p class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c17 c9\">Teams<\/span><span class=\"c0\"> are a form of a group normally dedicated to production or problem solving. Teams can often achieve higher levels of performance than individuals because of the combined energies and talents of the members. Collaboration can produce motivation and creativity that may not be present in single-contractor projects. Individuals also have a sense of belonging to the group, and the range of views and diversity can energize the process, helping address creative blocks and stalemates. By involving members of the team in decision-making, and calling upon each member\u2019s area of contribution, teams can produce positive results.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_155\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-155\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-155\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2020\/02\/image8-4-e1612312728617.png\" alt=\"illustration of the word teamwork in a colourful design\" width=\"700\" height=\"202\" srcset=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2020\/02\/image8-4-e1612312728617.png 1139w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2020\/02\/image8-4-e1612312728617-300x87.png 300w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2020\/02\/image8-4-e1612312728617-1024x296.png 1024w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2020\/02\/image8-4-e1612312728617-768x222.png 768w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2020\/02\/image8-4-e1612312728617-65x19.png 65w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2020\/02\/image8-4-e1612312728617-225x65.png 225w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2020\/02\/image8-4-e1612312728617-350x101.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-155\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 45.1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"c5\">Teamwork is not without its challenges. The work itself may prove a challenge as members juggle competing assignments and personal commitments. The work may also be compromised if team members are expected to conform and pressured to go along with a procedure, plan, or product that they themselves have not developed. <span class=\"c17 c9\">Groupthink<\/span><span class=\"c0\">, or the tendency to accept the group\u2019s ideas and actions in spite of individual concerns, can also compromise the process and reduce efficiency. Personalities and competition can play a role in a team\u2019s failure to produce.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">We can recognize that people want to belong to a successful team, and celebrating incremental gain can focus the attention on the project and its goals. Members will be more willing to express thoughts and opinions, and follow through with actions, when they perceive that they are an important part of the team. By failing to include all the team members, valuable insights may be lost in the rush to judgment or production. Making time for planning, and giving each member time to study, reflect, and contribute can allow them to gain valuable insights from each other, and may make them more likely to contribute information that challenges the status quo. Unconventional or &#8220;devil\u2019s advocate&#8221; thinking may prove insightful and serve to challenge the process in a positive way, improving the production of the team. Respect for divergent views can encourage open discussion.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c5\">John Thill and Courtland Bovee<span class=\"c0\">\u00a0(2002) provide a valuable list to consider when setting up a team as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"c23 lst-kix_me0j5w1c1fi8-0 start\">\n<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Select team members wisely<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Select a responsible leader<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Promote cooperation<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Clarify goals<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Elicit commitment<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Clarify responsibilities<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Instill prompt action<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Apply technology<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Ensure technological compatibility<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c5 c25\"><span class=\"c0\">Provide prompt feedback<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c17 c9\">Group dynamics<\/span><span class=\"c0\">\u00a0involve the interactions and processes of a team and influence the degree to which members feel a part of the goal and mission. A team with a strong identity can prove to be a powerful force, but it requires time and commitment. A team that exerts too much control over individual members can run the risk of reducing creative interactions and encourage tunnel vision. A team that exerts too little control, with attention to process and areas of specific responsibility, may not be productive. The balance between motivation and encouragement, and control and influence, is challenging as team members represent diverse viewpoints and approaches to the problem. A skilled business communicator creates a positive team by first selecting members based on their areas of skill and expertise, but attention to their style of communication is also warranted. Individuals that typically work alone or tend to be introverted may need additional encouragement to participate. Extroverts may need to be encouraged to listen to others and not dominate the conversation.<\/span><\/p>\n<h1 id=\"h.r0eyp0xhhw5d\" class=\"c19\"><span class=\"c13\">Leadership<\/span><\/h1>\n<p class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c24 c22\">Leadership is one of the most studied aspects of group communication. Scholars in business, communication, psychology, and many other fields have written extensively about the qualities of leaders, theories of leadership, and how to build leadership skills. It\u2019s important to point out that although a group may have only one official leader, other group members play important leadership roles. Making this distinction also helps us differentiate between leaders and leadership (Hargie, <\/span><span class=\"c24 c22\">2011<\/span><span class=\"c24 c22\">). The <\/span><span class=\"c9\">leader<\/span><span class=\"c9\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"c24 c22\">is a group role that is associated with a high-status position and may be formally or informally recognized by group members. <\/span><span class=\"c9 c22\">Leadership<\/span><span class=\"c8 c22\">\u00a0is a complex of beliefs, communication patterns, and behaviours that influence the functioning of a group and move a group toward the completion of its task. A person in the role of leader may provide no or poor leadership. Likewise, a person who is not recognized as a &#8220;leader&#8221; in title can provide excellent leadership. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c5\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-156 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2022\/01\/image9-150x150.png\" alt=\"illustration of a book with a pen writing text onto it\" width=\"77\" height=\"77\" srcset=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2022\/01\/image9-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2022\/01\/image9-65x65.png 65w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2022\/01\/image9-225x225.png 225w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2022\/01\/image9.png 294w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 77px) 100vw, 77px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"c5\">Navigate to the following quick quiz: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.verywellmind.com\/whats-your-leadership-style-3866929\">What&#8217;s Your Leadership Style?<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2 id=\"h.crros5y5m5cq\" class=\"c27\"><span class=\"c24 c22 c32\">Leadership Styles<\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"c26\"><span class=\"c24 c22\">Given the large amount of research done on leadership, it is not surprising that there are several different ways to define or categorize leadership styles. In general, effective leaders do not fit solely into one style in any of the following classifications. Instead, they are able to adapt their leadership style to fit the relational and situational context (Wood, <\/span><span class=\"c24 c22\">1977<\/span><span class=\"c8 c22\">). <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c26\"><span class=\"c24 c22\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-157 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2022\/01\/image7-1-150x150.png\" alt=\"image of a book to represent reading icon\" width=\"83\" height=\"83\" srcset=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2022\/01\/image7-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2022\/01\/image7-1-65x65.png 65w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2022\/01\/image7-1-225x225.png 225w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/385\/2022\/01\/image7-1.png 294w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 83px) 100vw, 83px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c26\"><span class=\"c24 c22\">Read and review the following article from MindTools that describes a variety of leadership style models: <\/span><span class=\"c1 c22\"><a class=\"c20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.mindtools.com\/pages\/article\/newLDR_84.htm&amp;sa=D&amp;ust=1522969246934000\">Leadership styles: Choosing the right approach for the <\/a><a class=\"c20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.mindtools.com\/pages\/article\/newLDR_84.htm&amp;sa=D&amp;ust=1522969246935000\">situation<\/a><a class=\"c20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.mindtools.com\/pages\/article\/newLDR_84.htm&amp;sa=D&amp;ust=1522969246935000\">.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c26\"><span class=\"c22 c24\">One common way to study leadership style is to make a distinction among autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire leaders (Lewin, Lippitt, &amp; White, <\/span><span class=\"c24 c22\">1939<\/span><span class=\"c8 c22\">). These leadership styles can be described as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"c23 lst-kix_pcv0k9rfbb92-0 start\">\n<li class=\"c34\"><span class=\"c24 c17 c9 c22\">Autocratic leaders<\/span><span class=\"c8 c22\">\u00a0set policies and make decisions primarily on their own, taking advantage of the power present in their title or status to set the agenda for the group.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c33\"><span class=\"c24 c17 c9 c22\">Democratic leaders<\/span><span class=\"c8 c22\">\u00a0facilitate group discussion and like to take input from all members before making a decision.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c33\"><span class=\"c24 c17 c9 c22\">Laissez-faire leaders<\/span><span class=\"c24 c22\">\u00a0take a &#8220;hands-off&#8221; approach, preferring to give group members freedom to reach and implement their own decisions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"c5\">Thomas Harris and John Sherblom\u00a0(1999) specifically note three leadership styles that characterize the modern business or organization, and reflect our modern economy. We are not born leaders but may become them if the context or environment requires our skill set. <span class=\"c17 c9\">A leader-as-technician<\/span><span class=\"c0\"> role often occurs when we have skills that others do not. If you can fix the copy machine at the office, your leadership and ability to get it running again are prized and sought-after skills. You may instruct others on how to load the paper or how to change the toner, and even though your pay grade may not reflect this leadership role, you are looked to by the group as a leader within that context. Technical skills, from internet technology to facilities maintenance, may experience moments where their particular area of knowledge is required to solve a problem. Their leadership will be in demand.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c5\">The<span class=\"c17 c9\">\u00a0leader-as-conductor<\/span><span class=\"c0\">\u00a0involves a central role of bringing people together for a common goal. In the common analogy, a conductor leads an orchestra and integrates the specialized skills and sounds of the various components the musical group comprises. In the same way, a leader who conducts may set a vision, create benchmarks, and collaborate with a group as they interpret a set script. Whether it is a beautiful movement in music or a group of teams that comes together to address a common challenge, the leader-as-conductor keeps the time and tempo of the group.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"c5\">Coaches are often discussed in business-related books as models of leadership for good reason. <span class=\"c17 c9\">A leader-as-coach <\/span>combines many of the talents and skills we\u2019ve discussed here, serving as a teacher, motivator, and keeper of the goals of the group. A coach may be autocratic at times, give pointed direction without input from the group, and stand on the sidelines while the players do what they\u2019ve been trained to do and make the points. The coach may look out for the group and defend it against bad calls, and may motivate players with words of encouragement. Coaches are teachers, motivators, and keepers of the goals of the group. Coaches serve to redirect the attention and energy of the individuals to the overall goals of the group. \u00a0We can recognize some of the behaviors of coaches, but what specific traits have a positive influence on the group? Thomas Peters and Nancy Austin<span class=\"c0\">\u00a0(1985) identify five important traits that produce results:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">Orientation and education<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">Nurturing and encouragement<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">Assessment and correction<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">Listening and counseling<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"c5\"><span class=\"c0\">Establishing group emphasis<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Text Attributions<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>This chapter was adapted from &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/ecampusontario.pressbooks.pub\/commbusprofcdn\/chapter\/teamwork-and-leadership\/\">Teamwork and Leadership<\/a>&#8221; in\u00a0<em>Communication for Business Professionals \u2013 Canadian Edition\u00a0<\/em>published by eCampusOntario, which was adapted from <a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/open.lib.umn.edu\/businesscommunication\/\"><em>Business Communication for Success\u00a0<\/em><\/a>by a publisher who has requested that they and the original author not receive attribution (and republished by University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing). Adapted by Allison Kilgannon.\u00a0<a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Media Attributions<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/ru\/illustrations\/%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0-%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%B2-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5-%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F-3242301\/\">Figure 45.1<\/a> \u00a9 geralt is licensed under\u00a0a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/service\/license\/\">Pixabay License.<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Icon &#8220;book and pen&#8221; \u00a9 eCampus Ontario is licensed under\u00a0<a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Icon &#8220;book&#8221; \u00a9\u00a0eCampus Ontario is licensed under\u00a0<a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"author":90,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-158","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":145,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/158","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/90"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/158\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":159,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/158\/revisions\/159"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/145"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/158\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=158"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=158"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=158"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/provincialenglishabe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=158"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}