SC.8: Deep Dive – REM Sleep Behaviour Disorder (RBD)

Approximate reading time: 1 minute

REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) occurs when the muscle paralysis associated with the REM sleep phase does not occur. Individuals who suffer from RBD have high levels of physical activity during REM sleep, especially during disturbing dreams. These behaviours vary widely, but they can include kicking, punching, scratching, yelling, and behaving like an animal that has been frightened or attacked. Furthermore, these types of behaviours ultimately disrupt sleep, although affected individuals have no memories that these behaviours have occurred (Arnulf, 2012).

This disorder is associated with a number of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease. Clonazepam, an anti-anxiety medication with sedative properties, is most often used to treat RBD. It is administered alone or in conjunction with doses of melatonin (the hormone secreted by the pineal gland). As part of treatment, the sleeping environment is often modified to make it a safer place for those suffering from RBD (Zangini, Calandra-Buonaura, Grimaldi, & Cortelli, 2011).