Approximate reading time: 3 minutes

Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment Orientation (“Do Right to Avoid Trouble”)

When Willo was young, their idea of right and wrong was mostly about not getting into trouble. For example, they didn’t watch TV before finishing their homework, not because they understood the importance of prioritizing education, but because they wanted to avoid punishment from their parents.

Stage 2: Individualism and Exchange (“What’s in It for Me?”)

As Willo grew a bit older, they began to realize that good behaviour could result in rewards. So, they would do chores around the house, not necessarily because they believed in the value of helping out, but because they knew they would get an allowance or extra playtime in return.

Stage 3: Good Interpersonal Relationships (“Be a Good Person”)

In high school, Willo cared a lot about what their friends thought. They wanted to be seen as a good friend and a good student, so they stuck to rules and tried to live up to the expectations of others. They weren’t just following rules to avoid trouble now; they were doing it to fit in and be liked.

Stage 4: Maintaining the Social Order (“Law and Order”)

As they got older, Willo began to understand why society needs rules. They paid taxes and followed laws, not just because they had to, but because they understood that these actions help everything run smoothly. They respected authourity and believed in keeping order in society.

Stage 5: Social Contract and Individual Rights (“Questioning Authority”)

In their early adulthood, Willo started to realize that not all rules and laws are fair to everyone. They began to question laws they felt were unjust, and even participated in peaceful protests. They understood that sometimes you have to stand up for individual rights, even if it means going against the majority.

Stage 6: Universal Principles (“Moral Compass”)

Now, Willo lives by their own moral rules, which are based on principles of fairness, equality, and compassion. They believe in helping others, even when no one is watching, and even if it doesn’t bring any personal benefit. For example, they volunteer at a local community center to support underprivileged children, not for recognition, but because they believe it’s the right thing to do.

Willo’s journey through Kohlberg’s stages shows how our understanding of right and wrong can change and grow over time. It’s a personal journey and everyone moves through these stages at their own pace.