{"id":685,"date":"2014-09-24T16:07:36","date_gmt":"2014-09-24T23:07:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=685"},"modified":"2018-11-10T12:33:21","modified_gmt":"2018-11-10T20:33:21","slug":"5-2-what-is-a-learning-environment","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/chapter\/5-2-what-is-a-learning-environment\/","title":{"raw":"A.2 What is a learning environment?","rendered":"A.2 What is a learning environment?"},"content":{"raw":"<h2 style=\"color: #2c2e35;text-align: left\">A.2.1 Definition<\/h2>\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<p style=\"color: #2c2e35;text-align: left;padding-left: 30px\"><em><strong style=\"font-style: inherit\">'Learning environment\u00a0<\/strong>refers to the diverse physical locations, contexts, and\u00a0cultures\u00a0in which students learn. Since students may learn in a wide variety of settings, such as outside-of-school locations and outdoor environments, the term is often used as a more accurate or preferred alternative to\u00a0classroom, which has more limited and traditional connotations\u2014a room with rows of desks and a chalkboard, for example.<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"color: #2c2e35;padding-left: 30px\"><em>The term also encompasses the culture of a school or class\u2014its presiding ethos and characteristics, including how individuals interact with and treat one another\u2014as well as the ways in which teachers may organize an educational setting to facilitate learning.....'<\/em><\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n<p style=\"color: #2c2e35;text-align: right\"><a href=\"http:\/\/edglossary.org\/learning-environment\/\">The Glossary of Educational Reform<\/a>, 29 August, 2014<\/p>\r\nThis definition recognises that students learn in many different ways in very different contexts. Since learners must do the learning, the aim is to create a total environment for learning that optimises the ability of students to learn. There is of course no single optimum learning environment. There is\u00a0an infinite number of possible learning environments, which is what makes teaching so interesting.\r\n<h2>A.2.2 Components of an effective learning environment<\/h2>\r\nDeveloping a total learning environment for students in a particular course or program is probably the most creative part of teaching. While there is a tendency\u00a0to focus on either physical\u00a0institutional\u00a0learning environments (such as classrooms, lecture theatres and labs), or on the technologies used to\u00a0to create online\u00a0personal learning environments (PLEs), learning environments are broader than just these physical components.\u00a0They will also include:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>the characteristics of the learners;<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the goals for teaching and learning;<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the activities that will best support learning;<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the assessment strategies that will best measure and drive learning<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the culture that infuses the learning environment.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\"><img src=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"26\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1668\" \/><\/a>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_3980\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"720\"]<a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2014\/09\/Culkture-in-learning-environments.jpg\"><img src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2014\/09\/Culkture-in-learning-environments.jpg\" alt=\"Figure A.2.2 A learning environment from a teacher's perspective\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3980\" \/><\/a> Figure A.2.2 A learning environment from a teacher's perspective[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\"><img src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"13\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1580\" \/><\/a>\r\n\r\nFigure A.2.2 illustrates one possible learning environment from the perspective of a teacher or instructor. A teacher\u00a0may have little or no control over some components, such as learner characteristics or resources, but may have full control over other components such as choice of content and how learners will be supported. Within each of the main components there are a set of sub-components that will need to be considered. In fact, it is in the sub-components (content structure, practical activities, feedback, use of technology, assessment methods, and so on) where the real decisions need to be made.\r\n\r\nI have listed just a few components\u00a0in Figure A.2.2 and the set is not meant to be comprehensive. For instance it could have included other components, such as developing ethical behaviour, institutional factors,\u00a0or external accreditation, each\u00a0of which\u00a0might also affect the learning environment in which a teacher or instructor has to work. Creating a model of a learning environment then is a heuristic device that aims to provide a comprehensive view of the whole teaching context for a particular course or program, by a particular instructor or teacher with a particular view of learning.\u00a0Once again, the\u00a0choice of components and their perceived importance will be driven to some extent by personal epistemologies and beliefs about knowledge, learning and teaching methods.\r\n\r\nLastly, I have deliberately suggested a learning environment\u00a0from the perspective of a\u00a0teacher, as the teacher has the main responsibility for creating an appropriate learning environment, but it is also important to consider learning environments from the learners' perspectives. Indeed, adult or mature learners are capable of creating their own, personal, relatively autonomous learning environments.\r\n\r\nThe significant point is that it is important to identify those components\u00a0that need to be considered in teaching a course or program, and in particular that there are other\u00a0components\u00a0besides content or curriculum. \u00a0Each of the\u00a0key components of the\u00a0learning environment I have chosen as an example are discussed briefly in the following sections, with a focus on the components of a learning environment that are particularly relevant for a digital age.\r\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-info\">\r\n<h3 itemprop=\"educationalUse\">Activity A.2 Influencing a learning environment<\/h3>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Why do you think I focused on learning environments from a teacher's perspective rather than a learner's perspective?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>In order to create the learning environment for HIST 305 in Scenario E, Ralph Goodyear carefully considered the learning environment he wanted to create and ones he had little or no control over.\u00a0 What components do you think\u00a0he had little or no control over?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What would you add (or remove) from the learning environment in Figure A.2.2?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Figure A.2.2 focuses on a learning environment from a teacher' perspective. Could you design a similar model of a learning environment from the perspective of a learner? What would be the main differences?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Does thinking about the whole learning environment overly complicate the teaching endeavour? Why not just get on with it?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<h2 style=\"color: #2c2e35;text-align: left\">A.2.1 Definition<\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"color: #2c2e35;text-align: left;padding-left: 30px\"><em><strong style=\"font-style: inherit\">&#8216;Learning environment\u00a0<\/strong>refers to the diverse physical locations, contexts, and\u00a0cultures\u00a0in which students learn. Since students may learn in a wide variety of settings, such as outside-of-school locations and outdoor environments, the term is often used as a more accurate or preferred alternative to\u00a0classroom, which has more limited and traditional connotations\u2014a room with rows of desks and a chalkboard, for example.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #2c2e35;padding-left: 30px\"><em>The term also encompasses the culture of a school or class\u2014its presiding ethos and characteristics, including how individuals interact with and treat one another\u2014as well as the ways in which teachers may organize an educational setting to facilitate learning&#8230;..&#8217;<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"color: #2c2e35;text-align: right\"><a href=\"http:\/\/edglossary.org\/learning-environment\/\">The Glossary of Educational Reform<\/a>, 29 August, 2014<\/p>\n<p>This definition recognises that students learn in many different ways in very different contexts. Since learners must do the learning, the aim is to create a total environment for learning that optimises the ability of students to learn. There is of course no single optimum learning environment. There is\u00a0an infinite number of possible learning environments, which is what makes teaching so interesting.<\/p>\n<h2>A.2.2 Components of an effective learning environment<\/h2>\n<p>Developing a total learning environment for students in a particular course or program is probably the most creative part of teaching. While there is a tendency\u00a0to focus on either physical\u00a0institutional\u00a0learning environments (such as classrooms, lecture theatres and labs), or on the technologies used to\u00a0to create online\u00a0personal learning environments (PLEs), learning environments are broader than just these physical components.\u00a0They will also include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the characteristics of the learners;<\/li>\n<li>the goals for teaching and learning;<\/li>\n<li>the activities that will best support learning;<\/li>\n<li>the assessment strategies that will best measure and drive learning<\/li>\n<li>the culture that infuses the learning environment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"26\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1668\" srcset=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg 755w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line-300x10.jpg 300w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line-65x2.jpg 65w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line-225x8.jpg 225w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line-350x12.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3980\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3980\" style=\"width: 720px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2014\/09\/Culkture-in-learning-environments.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2014\/09\/Culkture-in-learning-environments.jpg\" alt=\"Figure A.2.2 A learning environment from a teacher's perspective\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3980\" srcset=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2014\/09\/Culkture-in-learning-environments.jpg 720w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2014\/09\/Culkture-in-learning-environments-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2014\/09\/Culkture-in-learning-environments-65x49.jpg 65w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2014\/09\/Culkture-in-learning-environments-225x169.jpg 225w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2014\/09\/Culkture-in-learning-environments-350x263.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3980\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure A.2.2 A learning environment from a teacher&#8217;s perspective<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"13\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1580\" srcset=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg 755w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2-300x5.jpg 300w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2-65x1.jpg 65w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2-225x4.jpg 225w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2-350x6.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Figure A.2.2 illustrates one possible learning environment from the perspective of a teacher or instructor. A teacher\u00a0may have little or no control over some components, such as learner characteristics or resources, but may have full control over other components such as choice of content and how learners will be supported. Within each of the main components there are a set of sub-components that will need to be considered. In fact, it is in the sub-components (content structure, practical activities, feedback, use of technology, assessment methods, and so on) where the real decisions need to be made.<\/p>\n<p>I have listed just a few components\u00a0in Figure A.2.2 and the set is not meant to be comprehensive. For instance it could have included other components, such as developing ethical behaviour, institutional factors,\u00a0or external accreditation, each\u00a0of which\u00a0might also affect the learning environment in which a teacher or instructor has to work. Creating a model of a learning environment then is a heuristic device that aims to provide a comprehensive view of the whole teaching context for a particular course or program, by a particular instructor or teacher with a particular view of learning.\u00a0Once again, the\u00a0choice of components and their perceived importance will be driven to some extent by personal epistemologies and beliefs about knowledge, learning and teaching methods.<\/p>\n<p>Lastly, I have deliberately suggested a learning environment\u00a0from the perspective of a\u00a0teacher, as the teacher has the main responsibility for creating an appropriate learning environment, but it is also important to consider learning environments from the learners&#8217; perspectives. Indeed, adult or mature learners are capable of creating their own, personal, relatively autonomous learning environments.<\/p>\n<p>The significant point is that it is important to identify those components\u00a0that need to be considered in teaching a course or program, and in particular that there are other\u00a0components\u00a0besides content or curriculum. \u00a0Each of the\u00a0key components of the\u00a0learning environment I have chosen as an example are discussed briefly in the following sections, with a focus on the components of a learning environment that are particularly relevant for a digital age.<\/p>\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-info\">\n<h3 itemprop=\"educationalUse\">Activity A.2 Influencing a learning environment<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Why do you think I focused on learning environments from a teacher&#8217;s perspective rather than a learner&#8217;s perspective?<\/li>\n<li>In order to create the learning environment for HIST 305 in Scenario E, Ralph Goodyear carefully considered the learning environment he wanted to create and ones he had little or no control over.\u00a0 What components do you think\u00a0he had little or no control over?<\/li>\n<li>What would you add (or remove) from the learning environment in Figure A.2.2?<\/li>\n<li>Figure A.2.2 focuses on a learning environment from a teacher&#8217; perspective. Could you design a similar model of a learning environment from the perspective of a learner? What would be the main differences?<\/li>\n<li>Does thinking about the whole learning environment overly complicate the teaching endeavour? Why not just get on with it?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-685","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":670,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/685","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/685\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4038,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/685\/revisions\/4038"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/670"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/685\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=685"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=685"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=685"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=685"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}