{"id":147,"date":"2018-12-20T21:50:26","date_gmt":"2018-12-20T21:50:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/chapter\/developingpresentationskills\/"},"modified":"2022-07-28T20:20:28","modified_gmt":"2022-07-28T20:20:28","slug":"developing-presentation-skills","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/chapter\/developing-presentation-skills\/","title":{"raw":"8.2 Developing Presentation Skills","rendered":"8.2 Developing Presentation Skills"},"content":{"raw":"Like any kind of advanced communication skill, the art of giving effective presentations is not in-born; it requires <a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/jamesclear.com\/deliberate-practice-theory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">deliberate practice<\/a>. An excellent way to learn more about delivering effective presentations is to follow a systematic process:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Observe others<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Study their strategies and reflect on their effectiveness<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select and practice strategies that will work for you; reflect and get feedback from others.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h1>Step 1: Observation<\/h1>\r\nYou can learn a lot simply by observing how successful public speakers \u201cwork the room\u201d and engage their audience. Observe what they do. How do they use their voice to make it work as a tool of communication? How do they deploy tone, pausing, pacing, and projection? What do they do with their hands? How do they make use of the physical space around them? Take note of how speakers physically operate, either in person or on media: identify what they do, make note of what you feel works well and what doesn\u2019t, then put what you\u2019ve learned into practice.\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">As a student, you might start by observing your professors. Aim to identify what makes one professor a great lecturer and another less engaging. Compare what they do with their voice, their hands, their gestures, their movements. Pay attention to how they pace their talk to draw you in and create emphasis. Reflect on what they do to convey a sense of enthusiasm for what they\u2019re talking about\u2014or fail to do so. You want to know what kinds of things to avoid\u2014a dull monotonous tone, for example\u2014as well as what kinds of things to adopt to ensure your voice comes across as a powerful tool for communicating your ideas clearly and emphatically.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">EXERCISE 8.1: Observation in action<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nWhether observing your favourite professor give a lecture; watching your favourite podcaster, TV or YouTube presenter; or viewing the videos linked below, turn your observations into an active learning experience: create a list of what the speakers do well <em>as speakers<\/em>, and then use them as role models. The goal is to create a toolkit of practical tips, approaches, and ideas for building confidence, developing your own \u201cspark\u201d as public speaker, and engaging your audience. In short, watch, observe, and learn.\r\n\r\nHere are some public speakers on film that you may enjoy watching and learning from:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ji5_MqicxSo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Really achieving your childhood dreams<\/a> by Randy Pausch,[footnote]R. Pausch, \u201cReally achieving your childhood dreams, Sept. 18, 2007 Youtube [Online]: Available: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ji5_MqicxSo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ji5_MqicxSo<\/a> [\/footnote] computer scientist (Carnegie Mellon). As you watch the video, make note not simply of what he says, but <em>how <\/em>he says it.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Bg_Q7KYWG1g\">\u201cThe Wisdom of a Third Grade Dropout\u201d<\/a> by Rick Rigsby[footnote]R. Rigsby, \u201cThe wisdom of a third grade dropout will change your life,\u201d Oct. 2017, Youtube [Online]. Available: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Bg_Q7KYWG1g\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Bg_Q7KYWG1g<\/a> [\/footnote]<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/jbkSRLYSojo\">\u201cThe Joy of Stats\u201d<\/a> by Hans Rosling[footnote]H. Rosling, \u201cThe joy of stats,\u201d Nov. 26, 2010, YouTube [Online]. Available: <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/jbkSRLYSojo\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/jbkSRLYSojo<\/a>[\/footnote] offers an engaging and inspiring description of 250,000 data points from over 200 years for 200 countries\u2014in 4 minutes flat!<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1626902862650_6596\">Watch the video of Randy Pausch and note the 13 tips that will help make your presentations better. The video will pause when the tip comes up on the screen, once you have read it, click the play button to continue.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1626902862650_6624\">This is a long video but the information and interactions end at approximately the 12 minute mark. You do not need to watch past this point but we encourage you to because it's a great video. Watch <a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ji5_MqicxSo&amp;t=2s\">Randy Pausch Last Lecture: Achieving Your Childhood Dream<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"h5p\">[h5p id=\"31\"]<\/div>\r\n<h1>Step 2: Study and Reflect<\/h1>\r\nLearning from experts who lay out a set of simple techniques is a confidence builder because it shows that great speakers are made, not born. With deliberate practice, anyone can do this. There are no mysteries, just specific, applicable strategies <em>that anyone can adopt<\/em> to establish rapport with an audience and make a meaningful impact.\r\n\r\nHere are some more great online resources to help you develop further:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a class=\"external\" href=\"http:\/\/www.public-speaking.org\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Advanced Public Speaking Institute (Tips<\/a>)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/AykYRO5d_lI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Toastmasters 5 tips for public speaking<\/a> (YouTube)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.prezi.com\/10-most-common-rookie-mistakes-in-public-speaking\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10 Most Common Rookie Mistakes in Public Speaking<\/a> \u2013 Terry Gault (Prezi Blog)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ZZZ7k8cMA-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Power of your Hands<\/a> \u2013 Allan Pease (TED)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=8S0FDjFBj8o&amp;feature=youtu.be\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How to Sound Smart in your TED Talk <\/a>\u2212 Will Stephen (TED)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=80UVjkcxGmA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How I Overcame my Fear of Public Speaking<\/a> \u2212 Danish Dhamani (TED)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">EXERCISE 8.2<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nTake notes from the sources while you study them.\u00a0 Making written notes about points you want to remember is an effective way to promote deep learning. As you watch each of the videos, identify 2-3 key tips. If you are doing this activity in class, share your \u201ctop two\u201d tips with classmates and make note of their \u201ctop two\u201d tips in turn.\r\n\r\nThen consider the value of the tips and strategies you\u2019ve compiled. What makes them seem to work so well and, equally important, how could you feasibly incorporate them into your presentations to make them your own?\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Step 3: Select, Practice and Assess your Progress<\/h1>\r\nNow that you have identified strategies that you find effective and think might work for you, try putting them into practice.\u00a0 See if they add some extra \u201coomph\u201d to your presentation style. Afterwards, either by engaging in self-reflection, or by asking for feedback, consider how well these strategies worked for you and whether you need to further hone, adapt, or change the way you used them.\r\n\r\nVideos are helpful because they not only provide information, but visually demonstrate the ideas (both showing and telling); however, you can also learn from many books on the subject. Here are four classic books by public speaking experts designed to help you develop your own strong presentation skills. By focusing on aspects such as\u201cvoice,\u201d or by getting you to create effective slideshows, they offer a range of practical, \u201ctried and tested\u201d approaches designed to help you build confidence, speak fluently, and hold an audience\u2019s attention with relevant, well designed visuals.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Lilyan Wilder, <strong><em>7 Steps to Fearless Speaking<\/em><\/strong> offers a lively, straightforward \u201chow to\u201d approach to public speaking, paying special attention to what to do before you even get on stage to deliver your talk. In short, according to Lilyan Wilder, it\u2019s all about preparation. Wilder\u2019s seven steps have been used by many successful public figures, including George H.W. Bush, Oprah Winfrey, Fortune 500 CEO\u2019s, as well as network anchors at CNN, CBS, and more!<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Lee LeFever, <strong><em>The Art of Explanation: Making your Ideas, Products, and Services Easier to Understand <\/em><\/strong>invites you to become an \u201cexplanation specialist\u201d by using simple elements to motivate your audience and inspire them to say \u201cyes!\u201d to your designs and ideas.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Garr Reynolds, <strong><em><a class=\"external\" href=\"http:\/\/ptgmedia.pearsoncmg.com\/images\/9780321811981\/samplepages\/0321811984.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PresentationZen: Simple Ideas on Presentation Design and Delivery<\/a><\/em> <\/strong>provides a clear, easy-to-read set of tips for cutting through the noise and blather of modern life and reaching an audience through simple, pared-down slides and story-telling:\u00a0 two techniques that can help you connect with and inspire your audience in an authentic, genuine way.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Nancy Duarte, <strong><em>Slide:ology: T<\/em><em>he Art and Science of Creating Great Presentations<\/em><\/strong> looks to the role of presentation software in the visualization of ideas and information. Its goal is to turn you into a \u201cvisual thinker\u201d so you can design presentation graphics that enable your audience to easily and effectively process data\u2014an especially valuable skill for technical presenters who often have to convey complex data in meaningful ways to non-technical audiences.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">EXERCISE 8.3 Build your repertoire<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">Just as you did when watching your videos, make a list of key tips that you want adopt as a presenter. Select a \u201ctop three\u201d strategies, reflect on those three, rehearse them and put them in practice when you get a chance. Going through these steps will get you primed and ready to put the tips into play when time comes to actually deliver your talk. Keep adding tips to your repertoire until you\u2019ve got a good, well-rounded set of strategies designed to keep your audience alert, engaged, and wanting to hear more!<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Visual Aids \u2013 PowerPoint Basics<\/h1>\r\nEven the most dynamic speakers often make use of visual aids to accompany their presentation and help illustrate their ideas. Having well designed visuals as part of your presentation is one way for beginners and those honing their skills can add interest and audience engagement to their talks. PowerPoint is probably the most common form of visual aid used in presentations, so much discussion has been focused on the pros and cons of this medium.\u00a0 Indeed, a Google search of \u201cdeath by PowerPoint\u201d brings up over 90 million results!\r\n\r\nWhile there are many other presentation tools out there that you should explore (and perhaps present to your classmates or colleagues in your own presentation!), PowerPoint is a standard workplace tool, so it would be wise to gain proficiency with it.\u00a0 The key concept to remember is that your visual aids should <em>supplement<\/em> and <em>illustrate<\/em> what you want to say to your audience.\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>PowerPoint Terminology<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nWhen designing a PowerPoint presentation, it is helpful to be familiar with key terminology used to discuss the various elements.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Deck<\/strong>: the entire presentation (all the slides in the presentation; see <strong>Figure 8.2.1)<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_145\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"516\"]<img class=\"wp-image-145\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/principlesofmarketingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/387\/2018\/12\/Deck-1024x482.png\" alt=\"A screenshot of a 30-slide PowerPoint deck\" width=\"516\" height=\"243\" \/> <em><strong>Figure 8.2.1<\/strong>\u00a0 PowerPoint Deck<\/em>[\/caption]\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Gloss<\/strong>: what the speaker says about each slide. The speaker should not simply read what is on the slide. Slides should have minimal text in the form of key words and short bullet points. It might include key quotations. The speaker should elaborate on what is written or shown on the slide.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Slide<\/strong>:\u00a0 one \"page\" of the presentation (<strong>Figure 8.2.2<\/strong> shows one slide from the deck above) with the various elements identified.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<figure>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1024\"]<img class=\"center4\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/principlesofmarketingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/387\/2022\/01\/8.2.2-1024x774.png\" alt=\"A sample PowerPoint slide with a title, some text, and an exhibit, which is an image.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"774\" \/> <strong>Figure 8.2.2<\/strong> PowerPoint slide.[\/caption]<\/figure>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Slide Titles<\/strong>:\u00a0 usually at the top of the slide, the titles acts as \"headings\" indicating the topic to be discussed in each slide.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Body Text:<\/strong>\u00a0 written text on the slide, often in the form of bullet points or key terms. This text should be kept to a minimum (key words\/phrases; quotations you want to read out loud). Don't write your \"script\" in the slide's body text.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Exhibits<\/strong>:\u00a0 illustrative graphics on the slides that are glossed in the presentation. You should discuss graphics and explain what is important about them.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Decorative Graphics<\/strong>: Slide motifs, themes, and other non-essential images that add visual appeal to the slides, but do not illustrate substantive ideas.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Notes<\/strong>: The section underneath the slide where you can write notes you want to cover in your gloss. The audience will not see the \"notes\" portion.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Click on the <strong>Sample PowerPoint Presentations<\/strong> listed below to see detailed examples of PowerPoint decks.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Sample PowerPoint Presentations<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/05\/PowerPoint-Presentation-on-PRESENTATIONS.ppt\">PowerPoint Presentation on PRESENTATIONS [PPTX]<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/05\/Tuckman\u2019s-Model-of-Team-Formation-sample-student-presentation.pptx\">Tuckman\u2019s Model of Team Formation - Sample student presentation [PPTX]<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/05\/Definitions-in-Technical-Writing-Sample-student-presentation.pdf\">Definitions in Technical Writing - Sample student presentation [PPTX]<\/a> (Created by Isaac Morton)\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Visual Rhetoric<\/h2>\r\nPowerPoint is not the only visual medium you might use.\u00a0 Pamphlets, posters, billboards, and other kinds of displays can also work to effectively convey your message if they are well designed.\u00a0 Considering how to present ideas visually can be as important as determining what to say. Here are some resources to help you design visual information in a rhetorically effective way:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/visual_rhetoric\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Visual Rhetoric<\/a> page from the Online Writing Lab (OWL) at Purdue University<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rule_of_thirds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rule of Thirds<\/a> (Wikipedia)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tigercolor.com\/color-lab\/color-theory\/color-theory-intro.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Color theory<\/a> (Tiger Color)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.crazyegg.com\/blog\/psychology-of-fonts-infographic\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Psychology of Font Choices<\/a> (The Daily Egg)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Media Attributions<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Figure 8.2.1\u00a0 PowerPoint Deck\u00a0by Suzan Last is licensed\u00a0under a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0 licence<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Figure 8.2.2 PowerPoint slide. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Derailleur_gears#\/media\/File:Derailleur_Bicycle_Drivetrain.svg\">A modern road bicycle drivetrain with front and rear derailleurs<\/a> embedded in slide by Keithonearth is licensed under a\u00a0<a href=\"\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\">CC BY-SA 3.0 licence<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","rendered":"<p>Like any kind of advanced communication skill, the art of giving effective presentations is not in-born; it requires <a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/jamesclear.com\/deliberate-practice-theory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">deliberate practice<\/a>. An excellent way to learn more about delivering effective presentations is to follow a systematic process:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Observe others<\/li>\n<li>Study their strategies and reflect on their effectiveness<\/li>\n<li>Select and practice strategies that will work for you; reflect and get feedback from others.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1>Step 1: Observation<\/h1>\n<p>You can learn a lot simply by observing how successful public speakers \u201cwork the room\u201d and engage their audience. Observe what they do. How do they use their voice to make it work as a tool of communication? How do they deploy tone, pausing, pacing, and projection? What do they do with their hands? How do they make use of the physical space around them? Take note of how speakers physically operate, either in person or on media: identify what they do, make note of what you feel works well and what doesn\u2019t, then put what you\u2019ve learned into practice.<\/p>\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">As a student, you might start by observing your professors. Aim to identify what makes one professor a great lecturer and another less engaging. Compare what they do with their voice, their hands, their gestures, their movements. Pay attention to how they pace their talk to draw you in and create emphasis. Reflect on what they do to convey a sense of enthusiasm for what they\u2019re talking about\u2014or fail to do so. You want to know what kinds of things to avoid\u2014a dull monotonous tone, for example\u2014as well as what kinds of things to adopt to ensure your voice comes across as a powerful tool for communicating your ideas clearly and emphatically.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">EXERCISE 8.1: Observation in action<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Whether observing your favourite professor give a lecture; watching your favourite podcaster, TV or YouTube presenter; or viewing the videos linked below, turn your observations into an active learning experience: create a list of what the speakers do well <em>as speakers<\/em>, and then use them as role models. The goal is to create a toolkit of practical tips, approaches, and ideas for building confidence, developing your own \u201cspark\u201d as public speaker, and engaging your audience. In short, watch, observe, and learn.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some public speakers on film that you may enjoy watching and learning from:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ji5_MqicxSo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Really achieving your childhood dreams<\/a> by Randy Pausch,<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"R. Pausch, \u201cReally achieving your childhood dreams, Sept. 18, 2007 Youtube [Online]: Available: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ji5_MqicxSo\" id=\"return-footnote-147-1\" href=\"#footnote-147-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a> computer scientist (Carnegie Mellon). As you watch the video, make note not simply of what he says, but <em>how <\/em>he says it.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Bg_Q7KYWG1g\">\u201cThe Wisdom of a Third Grade Dropout\u201d<\/a> by Rick Rigsby<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"R. Rigsby, \u201cThe wisdom of a third grade dropout will change your life,\u201d Oct. 2017, Youtube [Online]. Available: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Bg_Q7KYWG1g\" id=\"return-footnote-147-2\" href=\"#footnote-147-2\" aria-label=\"Footnote 2\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/jbkSRLYSojo\">\u201cThe Joy of Stats\u201d<\/a> by Hans Rosling<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"H. Rosling, \u201cThe joy of stats,\u201d Nov. 26, 2010, YouTube [Online]. Available: https:\/\/youtu.be\/jbkSRLYSojo\" id=\"return-footnote-147-3\" href=\"#footnote-147-3\" aria-label=\"Footnote 3\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[3]<\/sup><\/a> offers an engaging and inspiring description of 250,000 data points from over 200 years for 200 countries\u2014in 4 minutes flat!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1626902862650_6596\">Watch the video of Randy Pausch and note the 13 tips that will help make your presentations better. The video will pause when the tip comes up on the screen, once you have read it, click the play button to continue.<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1626902862650_6624\">This is a long video but the information and interactions end at approximately the 12 minute mark. You do not need to watch past this point but we encourage you to because it&#8217;s a great video. Watch <a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ji5_MqicxSo&amp;t=2s\">Randy Pausch Last Lecture: Achieving Your Childhood Dream<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"h5p\">\n<div id=\"h5p-31\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-31\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"31\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Tips for Giving a Good Presentation\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Step 2: Study and Reflect<\/h1>\n<p>Learning from experts who lay out a set of simple techniques is a confidence builder because it shows that great speakers are made, not born. With deliberate practice, anyone can do this. There are no mysteries, just specific, applicable strategies <em>that anyone can adopt<\/em> to establish rapport with an audience and make a meaningful impact.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some more great online resources to help you develop further:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a class=\"external\" href=\"http:\/\/www.public-speaking.org\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Advanced Public Speaking Institute (Tips<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/AykYRO5d_lI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Toastmasters 5 tips for public speaking<\/a> (YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.prezi.com\/10-most-common-rookie-mistakes-in-public-speaking\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10 Most Common Rookie Mistakes in Public Speaking<\/a> \u2013 Terry Gault (Prezi Blog)<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ZZZ7k8cMA-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Power of your Hands<\/a> \u2013 Allan Pease (TED)<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=8S0FDjFBj8o&amp;feature=youtu.be\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How to Sound Smart in your TED Talk <\/a>\u2212 Will Stephen (TED)<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=80UVjkcxGmA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How I Overcame my Fear of Public Speaking<\/a> \u2212 Danish Dhamani (TED)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">EXERCISE 8.2<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Take notes from the sources while you study them.\u00a0 Making written notes about points you want to remember is an effective way to promote deep learning. As you watch each of the videos, identify 2-3 key tips. If you are doing this activity in class, share your \u201ctop two\u201d tips with classmates and make note of their \u201ctop two\u201d tips in turn.<\/p>\n<p>Then consider the value of the tips and strategies you\u2019ve compiled. What makes them seem to work so well and, equally important, how could you feasibly incorporate them into your presentations to make them your own?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Step 3: Select, Practice and Assess your Progress<\/h1>\n<p>Now that you have identified strategies that you find effective and think might work for you, try putting them into practice.\u00a0 See if they add some extra \u201coomph\u201d to your presentation style. Afterwards, either by engaging in self-reflection, or by asking for feedback, consider how well these strategies worked for you and whether you need to further hone, adapt, or change the way you used them.<\/p>\n<p>Videos are helpful because they not only provide information, but visually demonstrate the ideas (both showing and telling); however, you can also learn from many books on the subject. Here are four classic books by public speaking experts designed to help you develop your own strong presentation skills. By focusing on aspects such as\u201cvoice,\u201d or by getting you to create effective slideshows, they offer a range of practical, \u201ctried and tested\u201d approaches designed to help you build confidence, speak fluently, and hold an audience\u2019s attention with relevant, well designed visuals.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lilyan Wilder, <strong><em>7 Steps to Fearless Speaking<\/em><\/strong> offers a lively, straightforward \u201chow to\u201d approach to public speaking, paying special attention to what to do before you even get on stage to deliver your talk. In short, according to Lilyan Wilder, it\u2019s all about preparation. Wilder\u2019s seven steps have been used by many successful public figures, including George H.W. Bush, Oprah Winfrey, Fortune 500 CEO\u2019s, as well as network anchors at CNN, CBS, and more!<\/li>\n<li>Lee LeFever, <strong><em>The Art of Explanation: Making your Ideas, Products, and Services Easier to Understand <\/em><\/strong>invites you to become an \u201cexplanation specialist\u201d by using simple elements to motivate your audience and inspire them to say \u201cyes!\u201d to your designs and ideas.<\/li>\n<li>Garr Reynolds, <strong><em><a class=\"external\" href=\"http:\/\/ptgmedia.pearsoncmg.com\/images\/9780321811981\/samplepages\/0321811984.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PresentationZen: Simple Ideas on Presentation Design and Delivery<\/a><\/em> <\/strong>provides a clear, easy-to-read set of tips for cutting through the noise and blather of modern life and reaching an audience through simple, pared-down slides and story-telling:\u00a0 two techniques that can help you connect with and inspire your audience in an authentic, genuine way.<\/li>\n<li>Nancy Duarte, <strong><em>Slide:ology: T<\/em><em>he Art and Science of Creating Great Presentations<\/em><\/strong> looks to the role of presentation software in the visualization of ideas and information. Its goal is to turn you into a \u201cvisual thinker\u201d so you can design presentation graphics that enable your audience to easily and effectively process data\u2014an especially valuable skill for technical presenters who often have to convey complex data in meaningful ways to non-technical audiences.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">EXERCISE 8.3 Build your repertoire<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">Just as you did when watching your videos, make a list of key tips that you want adopt as a presenter. Select a \u201ctop three\u201d strategies, reflect on those three, rehearse them and put them in practice when you get a chance. Going through these steps will get you primed and ready to put the tips into play when time comes to actually deliver your talk. Keep adding tips to your repertoire until you\u2019ve got a good, well-rounded set of strategies designed to keep your audience alert, engaged, and wanting to hear more!<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Visual Aids \u2013 PowerPoint Basics<\/h1>\n<p>Even the most dynamic speakers often make use of visual aids to accompany their presentation and help illustrate their ideas. Having well designed visuals as part of your presentation is one way for beginners and those honing their skills can add interest and audience engagement to their talks. PowerPoint is probably the most common form of visual aid used in presentations, so much discussion has been focused on the pros and cons of this medium.\u00a0 Indeed, a Google search of \u201cdeath by PowerPoint\u201d brings up over 90 million results!<\/p>\n<p>While there are many other presentation tools out there that you should explore (and perhaps present to your classmates or colleagues in your own presentation!), PowerPoint is a standard workplace tool, so it would be wise to gain proficiency with it.\u00a0 The key concept to remember is that your visual aids should <em>supplement<\/em> and <em>illustrate<\/em> what you want to say to your audience.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>PowerPoint Terminology<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>When designing a PowerPoint presentation, it is helpful to be familiar with key terminology used to discuss the various elements.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Deck<\/strong>: the entire presentation (all the slides in the presentation; see <strong>Figure 8.2.1)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_145\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-145\" style=\"width: 516px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-145\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/principlesofmarketingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/387\/2018\/12\/Deck-1024x482.png\" alt=\"A screenshot of a 30-slide PowerPoint deck\" width=\"516\" height=\"243\" srcset=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/387\/2018\/12\/Deck-1024x482.png 1024w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/387\/2018\/12\/Deck-300x141.png 300w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/387\/2018\/12\/Deck-768x362.png 768w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/387\/2018\/12\/Deck-1536x724.png 1536w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/387\/2018\/12\/Deck-2048x965.png 2048w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/387\/2018\/12\/Deck-65x31.png 65w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/387\/2018\/12\/Deck-225x106.png 225w, https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/387\/2018\/12\/Deck-350x165.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 516px) 100vw, 516px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-145\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em><strong>Figure 8.2.1<\/strong>\u00a0 PowerPoint Deck<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Gloss<\/strong>: what the speaker says about each slide. The speaker should not simply read what is on the slide. Slides should have minimal text in the form of key words and short bullet points. It might include key quotations. The speaker should elaborate on what is written or shown on the slide.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Slide<\/strong>:\u00a0 one &#8220;page&#8221; of the presentation (<strong>Figure 8.2.2<\/strong> shows one slide from the deck above) with the various elements identified.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure>\n<figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"center4\" src=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/principlesofmarketingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/387\/2022\/01\/8.2.2-1024x774.png\" alt=\"A sample PowerPoint slide with a title, some text, and an exhibit, which is an image.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"774\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 8.2.2<\/strong> PowerPoint slide.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Slide Titles<\/strong>:\u00a0 usually at the top of the slide, the titles acts as &#8220;headings&#8221; indicating the topic to be discussed in each slide.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Body Text:<\/strong>\u00a0 written text on the slide, often in the form of bullet points or key terms. This text should be kept to a minimum (key words\/phrases; quotations you want to read out loud). Don&#8217;t write your &#8220;script&#8221; in the slide&#8217;s body text.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Exhibits<\/strong>:\u00a0 illustrative graphics on the slides that are glossed in the presentation. You should discuss graphics and explain what is important about them.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Decorative Graphics<\/strong>: Slide motifs, themes, and other non-essential images that add visual appeal to the slides, but do not illustrate substantive ideas.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Notes<\/strong>: The section underneath the slide where you can write notes you want to cover in your gloss. The audience will not see the &#8220;notes&#8221; portion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Click on the <strong>Sample PowerPoint Presentations<\/strong> listed below to see detailed examples of PowerPoint decks.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Sample PowerPoint Presentations<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/05\/PowerPoint-Presentation-on-PRESENTATIONS.ppt\">PowerPoint Presentation on PRESENTATIONS [PPTX]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/05\/Tuckman\u2019s-Model-of-Team-Formation-sample-student-presentation.pptx\">Tuckman\u2019s Model of Team Formation &#8211; Sample student presentation [PPTX]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/05\/Definitions-in-Technical-Writing-Sample-student-presentation.pdf\">Definitions in Technical Writing &#8211; Sample student presentation [PPTX]<\/a> (Created by Isaac Morton)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Visual Rhetoric<\/h2>\n<p>PowerPoint is not the only visual medium you might use.\u00a0 Pamphlets, posters, billboards, and other kinds of displays can also work to effectively convey your message if they are well designed.\u00a0 Considering how to present ideas visually can be as important as determining what to say. Here are some resources to help you design visual information in a rhetorically effective way:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/visual_rhetoric\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Visual Rhetoric<\/a> page from the Online Writing Lab (OWL) at Purdue University<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rule_of_thirds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rule of Thirds<\/a> (Wikipedia)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tigercolor.com\/color-lab\/color-theory\/color-theory-intro.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Color theory<\/a> (Tiger Color)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.crazyegg.com\/blog\/psychology-of-fonts-infographic\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Psychology of Font Choices<\/a> (The Daily Egg)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Media Attributions<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Figure 8.2.1\u00a0 PowerPoint Deck\u00a0by Suzan Last is licensed\u00a0under a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0 licence<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Figure 8.2.2 PowerPoint slide. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Derailleur_gears#\/media\/File:Derailleur_Bicycle_Drivetrain.svg\">A modern road bicycle drivetrain with front and rear derailleurs<\/a> embedded in slide by Keithonearth is licensed under a\u00a0<a href=\"\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\">CC BY-SA 3.0 licence<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-147-1\">R. Pausch, \u201cReally achieving your childhood dreams, Sept. 18, 2007 Youtube [Online]: Available: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ji5_MqicxSo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ji5_MqicxSo<\/a>  <a href=\"#return-footnote-147-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-147-2\">R. Rigsby, \u201cThe wisdom of a third grade dropout will change your life,\u201d Oct. 2017, Youtube [Online]. Available: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Bg_Q7KYWG1g\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Bg_Q7KYWG1g<\/a>  <a href=\"#return-footnote-147-2\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 2\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-147-3\">H. Rosling, \u201cThe joy of stats,\u201d Nov. 26, 2010, YouTube [Online]. Available: <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/jbkSRLYSojo\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/jbkSRLYSojo<\/a> <a href=\"#return-footnote-147-3\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 3\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":90,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":["suzan-last","monika-smith"],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[63,61],"license":[],"class_list":["post-147","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","contributor-monika-smith","contributor-suzan-last"],"part":142,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/147","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/90"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/147\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":425,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/147\/revisions\/425"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/142"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/147\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=147"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=147"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/technicalwritingh5p\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}