Get Ready to Read

• How did you experience stories as a child? How is this different from the way that children today experience stories?
• What is your favourite way to experience a story: in person or through books, TV, radio, or video games?
• We need stories that are windows into new worlds as well as mirrors of our own worlds. Do you think that there are enough stories that mirror, or reflect, your cultural background and experiences?

Vocabulary

Readers sometimes scan a text for specific information rather than reading every word. When you scan a text, choose a word to look for. Then run your eyes quickly over many lines to find that word.

Scan Storytelling Goes Digital to find a bold word for each of the following.

1. A way of seeing and understanding the world

2. An extremely small living thing that can spread from one animal to another and can cause illness

3. Connected to the Internet

4. Normal or usual

5. Someone who has a lot of experience using a skill for their job

6. Something that is created by people

7. The part or job someone has in a family, community, or group

8. To cause two or more things to be together

9. To say something out loud for an audience

10. To show respect for someone or something

Use the vocabulary words and affixes above to build a word for each definition below.

11. ___________________________: one who invents

12. ___________________________: related to a virus

13. ___________________________: the act of combining

14. ___________________________: beyond ordinary

Reading Strategy

Readers check their understanding of a text while they read. In this book, you will practice strategies for checking whether you are really thinking about the words on a page. One strategy is to stop after each paragraph and ask yourself: Can I picture what the text is describing, like a movie playing in my mind? If you can’t picture it, then go back and try to visualize as you re-read the paragraph. If you like to draw, you can even doodle the pictures you see in your mind in the space beside the paragraph.

Try this strategy as you read Storytelling Goes Digital.

Check Your Understanding

1. A cause is a reason something happens. An effect is what happens. People invented the printing press, radio, and television. Name three effects of these inventions.

2. What three examples of professional storytellers are mentioned in the text?

3. What is a digital story?

4. Stories are usually told from the point of view of an author or a character. Point of view refers to the way someone sees and understands the world. Storytelling Goes Digital says that not enough stories are told from the points of view of women, working class people, queer and trans people, and people with disabilities. Do you think this is accurate, based on stories you’ve seen in movies, books, TV shows, and video games? Can you think of other groups that don’t have enough stories told from their point of view?

5. Below are six main events from the digital story All the Truly Important Things. The events are not in the correct sequence, or order. Put the events in the correct sequence.

a. A doctor told Eric, “All the truly important things in life, you haven’t lost.” Eric did not believe the doctor.

b. Eric trained to be a doctor for people with HIV.

c. Eric was diagnosed with HIV and felt lost.

d. Eric became a doctor to a person who had just been diagnosed with HIV. Eric told him, “All the truly important things in life, you haven’t lost.”

e. Someone asked Eric if it was hard for him to work with people with HIV, since he also has HIV. Eric realized it was deeply joyful to be able to give people hope. He realized what his doctor had said was true.

f. Eric graduated from medical school and moved to San Francisco to find love.

Subjects and Verbs

Look at these sentences. Underline the subjects.

1. Your thumb is the same length as your nose.

2. Twins do not have the same fingerprints.

3. It is impossible to sneeze with your eyes open.

4. An eyebrow has about 450 hairs.

5. Canada has more doughnut shops per person than anywhere else in the world.

6. Fortune cookies were invented in Los Angeles.

7. At 122 years old, Jeanne Calment lived the longest life of any human.

8. Every morning, I wake up to the sound of a rooster crowing.

Underline the verbs in these sentences.

9. Grapes explode when you put them in the microwave.

10. Before birth, chicks can talk to each other from inside their eggs.

11. Antarctica has one ATM machine.

12. Paper was invented in China.

13. Scientists are building a car-plane.

14. The thunder will scare the dog.

15. I have been working at the same job for 20 years.

16. The comet flew across the night sky.

17. The child spilled his milk all over the floor.

18. We will dance all night long.

19. The bottle had a message in it.

20. The X-ray shows that your finger is broken.

Pronouns

Replace the subject in the second sentence with the correct pronoun.

1. Tanya Tagaq is a singer from Nunavut. Tanya performs a style of music called Inuit throat singing.

2. Taté BlackBear is from the Lakota Nation. Taté knows seven words in the Lakota language.

3. Evan Adams and Adam Beach starred in a movie called Smoke Signals. Evan Adams and Adam Beach are both actors from Canada.

4. Thomas King and I have something in common. Thomas King and I are both writers.

5. Louis Riel was the father of Manitoba. Louis Riel was also the leader of the Métis people on the Canadian prairies.

6. Coyote and Raven are found in many Aboriginal stories. Coyote and Raven are famous for playing tricks on others.

7. Sweetgrass is a sacred plant in First Nations cultures. Sweetgrass is known for its ability to heal and get rid of negative thoughts.

Fill in the blanks with the correct pronouns. Underline the noun it replaces.

Example:

• I own that book, but I have not read ________ yet.
• I own that book, but I have not read   ___it___  yet.

8. Jack ate the apple, even though it did not belong to ____________.

9. The kids had to go to bed by 8:00 p.m. Their parents would not let ___________ stay up any later.

10. The shirt fits me, but I probably won’t wear _____________.

11. Billie and I are going to the movies. Do you want to come with ____________?

12. I want to know how to get to Nanaimo. Will you tell ____________?

13. Sue just got an iPhone. Sam gave it to _______________.

Writing

During your time as a student, you will likely be asked to write many kinds of paragraphs. In this book, you will learn how to write paragraphs that describe things, explain how to do things, tell a story, or give an opinion. No matter what kind of writing task you are working on, there is a strategy you can use to stay on track. It’s called TOWER. The letters in TOWER stand for Think, Organize, Write, Edit, and Rewrite.

Attributions

Story book
Image by bennimax is in the public domain.

Digital stories 
Image by gr8effect is in the public domain.

Tanya Tagaq 
Tanya Tagaq by Martica1974 is used under a CC BY SA 3.0 license.

Get Ready to Read

• What is your favourite kind of story: funny, scary, dramatic, fantasy, or romantic?
• Try to think of a famous story (book, movie, TV show, video game) about:
  • a relationship
  • an adventure
  • an accomplishment
  • a special place
  • a job or hobby
  • a discovery
• How do you feel when your instructor asks you to write a story?

Vocabulary

Scan What’s Your Story? to find a bold word for each of the following.

1. A group of people or things that are similar in some way

2. A person who is involved in an activity

3. Changed or affected by someone or something

4. Produced or caused something

5. Producing good effects on the body or mind

6. So confusing or difficult you feel like you can’t do it

7. Something that greatly affects people’s emotions

8. Succeeding at something by working hard

9. The act of saying who or what something is

10. Very useful, helpful, or important

Use the vocabulary words and affixes above to build a word for each definition below.

11. ___________________________: the act of participating

12. ___________________________: to make categories

13. ___________________________: the act of identifying

14. ___________________________: to make a drama

Reading Strategy

Readers check their understanding of a text while they read. One strategy is to stop after each paragraph and try to retell the main idea in your own words.

Try this strategy as you read What’s Your Story?

Check Your Understanding

1. A good way to check your understanding of a text is to summarize it. A summary is an explanation of the main ideas of a text. A summary does not include details or examples. It does not include your opinion of the text. Write a summary of the six types of stories described in this chapter.

2. An inference is an educated guess about what a text is saying, using your knowledge and logic. What’s Your Story suggests that students should avoid exploring personal stories with lots of difficult emotions when at school. Make an inference about why this might be a good idea.

3. As we read, we form our own thoughts about the text. We form judgments, or opinions. This is often called drawing conclusions. Draw a conclusion about which category 7th Word fits into best. Give reasons.

Sentence Fragments 

Are these complete sentences or fragments?

1. The photo on the wall.

2. The car had a flat tire.

3. In a hurry.

4. Sleeping until noon.

5. I think I lost a $50.00 bill.

6. On Tuesday morning.

7. A sale on tomatoes.

8. Sofia’s ice cream melted in the sun.

9. We are cheering for the Toronto Blue Jays.

What is missing from these sentences: a subject, verb, or complete thought?

10. If you have a sunburn.

11. Will send you an email.

12. Since it is a holiday.

13. The tiger at the zoo.

14. When we walk the dog.

Subject-Verb Agreement

Choose the verb that agrees with each subject.

1. This coffee looks/look very strong.

2. The band play/plays at the pub on Monday nights.

3. We plans/plan to get married this summer.

4. The staff at the hotel is/are always very friendly.

5. Juan and Ted has/have two cats.

6. The team is/are hoping to win the Stanley Cup.

7. My new pair of shoes have/has gone missing.

8. The water was/were so warm, I jumped right in.

9. The fruit is/are ripe and ready to eat.

10. The crowd go/goes wild when Omar goes on stage.

11. The caves is/are fun to explore.

Choose the verb that agrees with each subject.

12. Neither of the fields is/are growing corn this year.

13. Each chapter was/were better than the one before it.

14. None of these socks have/has a match.

15. One of these tickets is/are the winner.

16. The buses get/gets very crowded at around 5:00 p.m.

17. No one is/are sitting next to me on the plane.

18. Somebody have/has left me a phone message.

19. Everybody was/were late for the party.

20. Stamps is/are expensive now.

21. A book of stamps is/are $10.00.

Attribution

Adventure
Image by sebadelval is in the public domain.

Get Ready to Read

• Think back to stories you heard as a child. Share a story from your childhood that had a lesson.
• Think of an experience you had that taught you a lesson. What was the experience? What did you learn?

Vocabulary

Scan What’s Your Message to find a bold word for each of the following.

1. An event that is not planned and causes harm

2. An understanding of something, or the message of something

3. Someone who puts energy into something

4. Something used to treat pain or illness

5. The people who watch, read, or listen to something

6. Think carefully about something

7. Full of meaning, importance, and value

8. Eagerly using an opportunity

9. Identified an illness in someone

10. Looking at something closely to learn about it

Use the vocabulary words and affixes above to build a word for each definition below.

11. ___________________________: full of insight

12. ___________________________: the act of examining

13. ___________________________: the act of reflecting

14. ___________________________: related to medicine

15. ___________________________: to have no meaning

Reading Strategy

Readers check their understanding of a text while they read. One strategy is to stop a few times in the text to ask yourself: Can I answer any of the five W questions: who, what, where, when, or why? If you are able to answer at least three of these questions, then you are thinking about what you are reading.

Try this strategy as you read What’s Your Message?

Check Your Understanding

1. According to the text, what kinds of stories do we tend to remember best?

2. What are two purposes of storytelling mentioned in the text?

3. What two things caused Cathy to feel afraid to speak up and use her voice?

4. How does Go Around show who Cathy is, and why she is who she is?

Compound Sentences

In this book, you are learning to write simple sentences, compound sentences, and complex sentences. Using a variety of sentence types can make your writing more interesting. A variety of sentences can also help your writing flow more smoothly.

Combine the two complete sentences into one compound sentence. Replace the period with a comma and one of the appropriate FANBOYS.

1. The heat was too much. I took a cold shower.

2. The Canadian North is called the Land of the Midnight Sun. Sometimes the sun shines all day and all night.

3. It was a very expensive restaurant. The service was terrible.

4. We wanted to put a vegetable garden in the yard. The landlord said we could.

5. I want to travel to the United States. I don’t have a passport.

6. Do you want a marshmallow? Would you rather roast a wiener?

Semi-Colons

Below are some simple sentences and compound sentences. Rewrite them using a semi-colon.

1. It was a miracle that Frida Kahlo lived past 18 years old. She was in a terrible bus accident that broke her spine in three places.

2. Frida was in a lot of pain, so a nurse brought her some art supplies to take her mind off it.

3. Frida used painting as a way to express the pain she was in. Her art spoke to people even though she had no special training as an artist.

4. Frida’s paintings became famous, and she is now known as one of Mexico’s greatest artists.

5. Frida spent a lot of time in bed, so she surrounded herself with monkeys, dogs, parrots, and frogs for company.

6. Frida Kahlo’s house is now a museum. People can go there to see many of her original paintings.

Attributions

Megaphone
Image by mickyroo is in the public domain.

Frida Kahlo
Frida1 by Caferspar is used under a CC BY SA 4.0 license.

Get Ready to Read

• In one minute, make a list of as many feeling words as you can think of, such as “happy” or “sad.”
• How do people benefit from sharing their feelings with other people?
• Do you like talking to others about your feelings? Why or why not?

Vocabulary

Scan Setting the Tone to find a bold word for each of the following.

1. As a whole or in general

2. Described as larger or greater than it really is

3. Entertained

4. Feeling like you can do something well

5. Sadness from being apart from other people

6. To be very interested in something or someone

7. To have power

8. Influenced by someone in a good way

9. Very excited and happy

10. Wanting to learn more about something or someone

11. Pretending, cheating, or lying

Use the vocabulary words and affixes above to build a word for each definition below.

12. ___________________________: the opposite of dishonest

13. ___________________________: the act of exaggerating

14. ___________________________: having a confident feeling

15. ___________________________: the state of being empowered or the process of becoming empowered

Reading Strategy

Readers check their understanding of a text while they read. When you struggle to figure out a word, don’t just skip it. Try this strategy instead. When you see a word you do not know, underline it. Go back and read the words before it. Then read the words after it. Now think of a word that would make sense for the word you underlined. Does it sound right? Does it make sense?

Try this strategy as you read Setting the Tone.

Check Your Understanding

1. How do stories reduce the distance between people?

2. What does tone refer to?

3. Draw a conclusion about some of the feelings Monte experiences in Tanya.

4. How would you describe the overall tone of Tanya?

5. Compare means to look at how two things are the same. Contrast means to look at how two things are different. Make a chart like the one below to compare and contrast All the Truly Important Things and Tanya.

	All the Truly Important Things	Tanya
What illness plays an important role in the story?
Whose point of view is the story told from?
What kind of relationship is the main character looking for?
What important message is given to the main character?

Run-On Sentences

The sentences below are run-on sentences. Correct them using one of the strategies above.

1. People thought the Titanic could not sink but it sank during its first trip across the ocean.

2. It was a calm and clear night yet the Titanic hit an iceberg.

3. There were about 2,200 people on the Titanic the lifeboats could only carry about 1,100 people.

4. The Titanic called for help the nearby ships did not get there fast enough.

5. That night, 675 people were saved and 1,503 people died.

Quotation Marks

1. Which of these sentences have direct quotations?

a. The pilot commented, “They are putting us down in a hole.”

b. Cathy said she was the only one who saw the wires below the helicopter.

c. Cathy explained that they had trained for that moment.

d. Cathy said, “Go around.”

The famous Mona Lisa painting hangs in a museum in Paris, France. In 1911, that painting went missing. The police discovered that it had been stolen by a man named Vincenzo Perugia. Below is a conversation between Vincenzo and a police officer.

Add punctuation to these direct quotations.

2. The police officer asked Why did you steal the painting?

3. Vincenzo said the Mona Lisa belongs in Italy.

4. The police officer replied No, it belongs in a museum in Paris, France. Why would you say the painting belongs in Italy?

5. Vincenzo answered the Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo Da Vinci, an Italian. The painting was in Italy for hundreds of years. Then France stole the painting during a war.

6. The police officer asked So you stole the painting from the museum in Paris to return it to Italy?

7. Vincenzo said That’s exactly right.

8. The police officer said Vincenzo Perugia, you are under arrest.

Attributions

Happiness
Image by jackal1974630 is in the public domain.

Emotions

Emotions are a compilation of images by Alexas Fotos all in the public domain.

Titanic
Titanic is in the public domain.

Mona Lisa
Mona Lisa is in the public domain.

Get Ready to Read

• Describe a memorable scene from a favourite movie, TV show, book, or video game. Where does the scene take place? Who is in the scene? What happens?
• Can you think of a single event in your life that changed you? What was the event? How did you change?

Vocabulary

Scan Writing the Script to find a bold word for each of the following.

1. An opinion about what someone should do

2. Easy to see or notice

3. Forcing a person to leave a country

4. Having a strong effect on someone or something

5. Involving physical or emotional violence

6. Parts of a story where action takes place

7. Something that is done to make up for damage

8. The ability to think in a reasonable way

9. Did nothing to respond to something or someone

10. Too much of something

11. Very surprised or upset

Use the vocabulary words, roots, and affixes above to build a word for each definition below.

12. ___________________________: one who gives advice

13. ___________________________: in an obvious way

14. ___________________________: to carry something into a place

15. ___________________________: to carry something out of a place

Reading Strategy

Readers check their understanding of a text while they read. One strategy is to ask questions while you read, and then look for the answers. What do you wonder when you read the sentence below?

One of the most common pieces of advice given to storytellers is, “Show, don’t tell.”

You might wonder, “What does ‘Show, don’t tell’ mean?” Continue reading with this question in mind. Asking questions and looking for answers helps keep your brain thinking while you read.

Try this strategy as you read Writing the Script.

Check Your Understanding

1. What does “show, don’t tell” mean?

2. In your own words, describe the difference between a scene and a summary.

3. What kind of scene is usually important to include in a story?

4. How long should the script of a digital story be?

5. How long is a digital story?

6. Name two things a digital storyteller can rely on to tell a story, other than words.

7. What can happen if a storyteller gives the audience too much information?

8. What is the moment of change in Memory?

9. What detail tells you that Salomeja has changed?

10. How do you think Salomeja changed?

Complex Sentences

Read each complex sentence below. Insert commas as needed. Remember that not all complex sentences need a comma.

Below are some tips for renting a house.

1. Before you sign an agreement make sure you know what your rent includes.

2. After you sign an agreement ask your landlord for a copy.

3. Rent is due on the first day of the month unless you have a different agreement with your landlord.

4. Pay your rent by cheque or money order if you can.

5. When you move in check the house with the landlord to make sure the place is clean and everything works.

6. Once you finish checking the house with the landlord get a copy of the inspection report.

7. If the landlord asks you to pay a damage deposit the amount cannot be greater than a half-month’s rent.

8. If a repair is needed tell your landlord right away.

Look at the sentence fragments below. Use your own ideas and the rules you have learned to turn them into complex sentences.

9. When I first started studying English

10. Before I came to school today

11. While our class is on a break

12. If I work hard

13. After I get home from school

Look at the complete sentences below. Use the word in brackets and your own ideas to turn them into complex sentences.

14. I was going to do my homework. (after)

15. I put on lots of sunscreen. (before)

16. Swimming pools can be a lot of fun. (although)

17. The library is a good place to study. (unless)

18. Tim decided to go to a yoga class. (in order to)

Conversational versus Formal Language

Are the phrases and sentences below conversational or formal?

1. Hi Ben

2. To whom it may concern

3. What’s up?

4. Talk to you soon.

5. I look forward to hearing from you.

6. Take care

7. Respectfully yours

8. Yup, I agree.

9. Indeed

10. May I please borrow your eraser?

11. Can I use your eraser?

12. This totally sucks.

13. I am not fond of this.

14. That’s so awesome!

15. I am very pleased by this news.

Attributions

Book
Image by markusspiske is in the public domain.

Cue card
Image by OpenClipartVectors is in the public domain.

Apartment for rent
Image by cincy Project is used under a CC BY 2.0 license.

Get Ready to Read

• Do you think it is wrong to download music, TV shows, and movies without paying?
• Do you know how to do any of these tasks?
  • Download pictures from the Internet
  • Scan pictures onto a computer
  • Transfer pictures from a digital camera to a computer
• Which of these would you most like to learn? Why?

Vocabulary

Scan Seeing and Hearing Your Digital Story to find a bold word for each of the following.

1. A document with a format for something that can be used many times

2. To be able to use or get something

3. When a file is copied from the Internet onto a computer

4. Computer files containing written information

5. Possible to get or use

6. Parts of something that are related to hearing or the ears

7. Parts of something that are related to seeing or the eyes

8. Someone who helps a workshop or discussion go smoothly

9. The right to do something, from the person with the power to make decisions about what is allowed

Use the vocabulary words and affixes above to build a word for each definition below.

10. ___________________________: able to be accessed

11. ___________________________: what a facilitator does (verb)

12. ___________________________: able to be heard

13. ___________________________: the state of being available

Reading Strategy

Readers use texts for many different purposes. We read stories for enjoyment. We read the news to find out what is happening in the world. We read cookbooks to follow a recipe. We read instructions to find out how to put together or use something new. Before you read, think about your purpose for reading. It is easier to use a text when we know why we are using it. The next text you will read is called Seeing and Hearing Your Digital Story. Below are some examples of purposes for reading this text:

• To get some ideas for the kinds of images and sounds you could put in your digital story
• To learn how to make a storyboard
• To find out about how copyright laws work
• To learn how to get or make picture files for your digital story

You may wish to re-read a text a few times, with a different purpose each time. This is a way to get as much information, enjoyment, and reading practice from a text as possible.

Try setting a purpose for reading both Seeing and Hearing Your Digital Story and Uploading Your Computer Files.

Check Your Understanding

1. What are some examples of visual elements found in digital stories?

2. What are some examples of audio elements found in digital stories?

3. What is copyright?

4. What is a storyboard?

5. How did Daniel’s feelings about his family photos from the Grand Canyon trip change over time?

6. What is the difference between a computer file and a computer folder?

7. Name three ways you can put images on a computer.

8. Follow the instructions in Uploading Your Computer Files to upload your images to a computer that is connected to the Internet.

Commas with Introductory Words and Phrases

Put commas where they belong.

1. Sal can you remind me how to iron my shirt?

2. First set up the ironing board. Then plug in the iron.

3. Yes I did that already.

4. Now pop up the collar. Iron the front of the collar. Then iron the back of the collar.

5. What should I do after that Sal?

6. Unbutton the cuffs. Next lay the first cuff flat and iron the front and back. By the way you can spray some water on the shirt to help get the wrinkles out.

7. Oh this is a lot of work. I think I’ll just wear a wrinkled shirt. Anyway thanks for your help.

Consistent Verb Tense

Underline the verbs in these sentences. Make any corrections to keep the verb tense consistent, unless there is a good reason for the tense to change.

1. The police searched for the murderer. An officer named J.D. Tippet noticed a man who was behaving strangely. Tippet wanted to speak to the man, but the man will pull out a gun and kill him.

2. Police find the murderer, Lee Harvey Oswald, in a theatre. Oswald’s gun was found near a window that looked onto the street where Kennedy was shot. Oswald was charged with the two murders and taken to jail.

3. Two days later, Oswald was being moved to another jail. As he comes out of the police building in handcuffs, another man shot him. That man, Jack Ruby, said he wanted to save Jackie Kennedy from the pain of a long trial.

4. Today, people wonder whether Lee Harvey Oswald really killed John F. Kennedy. More than 50 people who were there that day will say that they heard gunshots coming from a small grassy hill in front of the president’s car. The mystery remains unsolved.

Attributions

Pictures
Image by jarmoluk is in the public domain.

Headphones
Headphones by Unsplash is in the public domain.

John F. Kennedy
JFK Limousine by Hohum is in the public domain.

Get Ready to Read

• How often do you use the Internet? What do you use it for?
• What are the advantages of knowing how to use the Internet?
• Do you use email?
• What are the advantages of having an email address?

Vocabulary

Scan Getting Started with WeVideo to find a bold word for each of the following.

1. A computer program used to find and look at websites

2. A group of people, organizations, or countries that have joined together for a particular purpose

3. A system on a computer that lets you do certain tasks, like typing documents, playing games, editing images, or making films

4. An area on a computer screen where files and programs can be placed, like objects on a desk

5. Something a person sets up to use the Internet services of a company

6. Part of an Internet browser where you type in the address of the website you wish to visit

7. A way of sharing art and information.

8. Copying files from a computer to the Internet

9. To release a book you wrote or something you made on the Internet to the public

10. To start a connection between a computer and some other system

Find the stressed syllable in these words.

11. ac-count

12. log-in

13. In-ter-net brow-ser

14. ad-dress bar

15. pub-lish

16. me-di-a

17. up-load-ing

18. desk-top

19. co-al-i-tion

Reading Strategy

Read Getting Started with WeVideo in BC Reads: Adult Literacy Fundamental English – Reader 6. After you have read through the text, complete questions 1 to 4 from Check Your Understanding (below). Then follow the instructions in Reader 6 to:

• Create a WeVideo account
• Enter your account
• Upload your visual media

Next, read about and watch the digital story Sofas. Complete questions 5 to 8 from Check Your Understanding (below). Then read Recording Your Voiceover. Follow the steps to record the voiceover for your digital story.

Check Your Understanding

1. What is WeVideo?

2. Why do you need an email address to use WeVideo?

3. Why is it important not to publish your digital story until you are sure it is finished?

4. All of the digital stories in this book were made in the United States. Sofas was made in Illinois. Grand Canyons took place in Arizona.  Go Around was made in Ohio. 7th Word was made in Washington. Tanya and All the Truly Important Things were made in California. Ask your instructor for an atlas. Find a map of the United States. Use the atlas to label each of these states on the map below: Illinois, Arizona, Ohio, Washington, and California.

5. A fact is information that a person can prove to be true. An opinion is a judgment or belief that people may disagree about. Which of the statements below are facts? Which are opinions?

a. The greatest teachers of our time are Martin Luther King Jr, Gandhi, and living room sofas.

b. Wayne’s father must have been a bad person.

c. Wayne’s mother died before Wayne turned one year old.

d. Wayne was homeless.

e. The government does not do enough to help homeless people.

6. Think about how Wayne uses his voice to tell his story. What effect do his pauses have on you as a viewer?

7. What do you like about how Wayne uses his voice to tell his story?

8. How do you want to use your voice to tell your story?

Commas with Appositives

Fill in the commas in the sentences below.

1. Thomas Edison the inventor of the light bulb was afraid of the dark.

2. The Python a new type of car can drive on land and in water.

3. The sphinx which is hairless type of cat was first bred in Ontario.

4. The snack which was delicious did not fill me up.

5. The wool sweater a gift from my son was very itchy.

6. Pass me the Phillip’s head screwdriver the one with the X-shaped tip.

7. We are moving to Prince Rupert which is known as the City of Rainbows.

8. Mexico City which is 2,249 metres above the sea is one of the highest capital cities in the world.

9. This watch belonged to my great-grandfather who died in World War I.

10. Inside the wooden barn was a sow which is a female pig.

11. Her laugh which was very loud made others laugh, too.

Attributions

Mouse
Image by jarmoluk is in the public domain.

Map of the United States
Image by ClkerFreeVectorImages is in the public domain.

Getting Ready to Read

Look at this list of book and movie titles. Which titles do you find interesting? Why?

• To Kill a Mockingbird
• Me Talk Pretty One Day
• John Dies at the End
• No Country for Old Men
• After. Life
• Breakfast at Tiffany’s
• There Will Be Blood
• The Motorcycle Diaries

Can you think of a movie with a soundtrack that you enjoyed?

Vocabulary

Scan Bringing It All Together to find a bold word for each of the following.

1. A bar along the bottom or side of a window that you move with a mouse to see parts of the window that are hidden

2. A song on a record or CD

3. An arrow that is on a computer screen and can be moved with a mouse

4. An example of what something will look like

5. Not named

6. Notice or pay attention to

7. To put something where people can see it

8. Related to boys and men

9. Related to girls and women

10. To become visible

Divide these words into syllables.

11. robot

12. relax

13. student

14. myself

15. hotel

16. tulip

17. human

18. handbag

19. hello

20. contest

21. dentist

22. invent

23. absent

24. fishpond

Reading Strategy

Read Bringing It All Together. After you have read through the text, answer questions 1 to 5 from Check Your Understanding (below). Then use the storyboard you made earlier and the instructions in the text to:

• Give your digital story a title
• Add images to the storyboard
• Change the timing of the images
• Add a soundtrack

When you need a break from video editing, read about and watch the digital story Mountain of Stories. Answer the Check Your Understanding questions 6 to 13 (below).

Check Your Understanding

1. What are the four main parts of the WeVideo Editor?

2. How do you save your video in WeVideo?

3. What is the MyMedia folder?

4. What is the purpose of the preview screen?

5. What is the purpose of the storyboard in the WeVideo Editor?

6. What does “Two-Spirit” refer to?

7. Why is it often difficult for people to come out as queer, trans, or Two-Spirit?

8. Why do you think coming out is important for queer, trans, and Two-Spirit people to do — even if it is difficult? Make an inference using your own knowledge.

9. The outcome of a story refers to how everything turns out in the end. Nazbah comes out to her mother as Two-Spirit in a letter. She is worried because she does not hear from her mother for three months. What is the outcome of the story?

10. How do the images in Mountain of Stories help you understand the story?

11. How does the music in Mountain of Stories help you understand the story?

12. How does Nazbah’s voice help you understand the story?

13. What tone do the images, music, and Nazbah’s voice work together to create?

Commas in a Series

Fill in the commas in the sentences below.

1. Carrots can be orange purple white red or yellow.

2. At the picnic, we had sandwiches watermelon and lemonade.

3. In my pocket, I found a button a bandage a tissue and a dollar.

4. I saw lots of tropical fish a turtle and some starfish when I went snorkeling.

5. The recipe calls for cocoa sugar eggs milk and flour.

6. A sheep a duck and a rooster were the first passengers ever to ride in a hot air balloon.

7. Niagara Falls froze over in the years 1911 1932 and 2014.

8. A pirate named Captain William Kidd may have buried his treasure in New York Connecticut or Rhode Island.

9. We sat in the vet’s waiting room beside a dog with a cone around its neck and a kitten with a broken leg.

10. Newfoundland is home to places called Bad Bay Bleak Island Misery Point and Cape Despair.

11. There is a house in New Jersey shaped like an elephant a house in Oklahoma shaped like a chicken and a house in Massachusetts made entirely out of newspapers.

12. This weekend, I went for a hike read a good book and played board games with my nephew.

Attribution

Filmstrip
Image by Erbs55 is in the Public Domain.

Get Ready to Read

• Do you use Facebook or other forms of social media?
• What kind of information are you comfortable sharing on the Internet?
• What are the risks of sharing personal information on the Internet?

Vocabulary

Scan Sharing Your Digital Story to find a bold word for each of the following.

1. Able to be seen and heard by many people

2. A form of something that is different from other forms

3. A series of actions that produce something

4. The feeling that you have done something good or important

5. Happening at the end

6. Something that is made as a result of a process

7. The act or process of bringing something into existence

8. The address where a website can be found online. It usually begins with www.

9. To change something into a different form

Divide these words into syllables.

10. plateful

11. nonsense

12. unlikely

13. antifreeze

14. shipment

15. kindness

16. hopeless

17. able

18. simple

19. struggle

20. table

21. pocket

22. candle

23. raffle

24. bathtub

25. wishful

Reading Strategy

Read Sharing Your Digital Story and watch The 8th Step. Then, answer the questions from Check Your Understanding (below). Next, follow the instructions to publish your video.

Check Your Understanding

1. Write a summary of The 8th Step. Remember to include only the main ideas, and not the details or your opinion.

2. If Ed’s story was meant for his dog, why do you think he shared it with the online world?

3. What does it mean to “publish” your digital story?

4. In your opinion, what are the reasons for sharing your story with the online world?

5. In your opinion, what are the reasons against sharing your story with the online world?

6. Who is the audience for your digital story?

7. How would you like to share your digital story?

Contractions

Change the underlined words into contractions. Use apostrophes as needed.

1. Let us light the birthday candles.

2. I am pressing the brakes, but this car isn’t stopping!

3. If you are going to the beach, can I join you?

4. There is a sale at the bookstore tomorrow.

5. We have picked 10 pounds of berries.

6. You would be surprised by how spicy this curry is.

7. Come here. I will fix your necktie for you.

8. Do not shake the pop. It is going to explode!

9. The singer could not figure out how to turn on the microphone.

10. Do not play the bagpipes at midnight.

11. If you are not going to eat your shrimp, I will.

12. I cannot wait for the weekend.

Using an Apostrophe to Show Possession

Insert apostrophes into the sentences below.

1. The worlds most popular instrument is the harmonica.

2. The soccer players uniforms were yellow and black.

3. The kites tail waved in the wind.

4. Grandmas attic is full of beautiful old furniture.

5. The two sailors favourite pub was called The Captains Mess.

6. They called her the Peoples Princess.

7. The childrens shoes were covered in mud.

8. The cats fourth leg was missing.

9. All four hens eggs have hatched.

10. The pirates parrot only seems to know bad words.

Attribution

Theatre
Image by funnytools is in the public domain.