Heating
10 Electric Heat – General
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There are several main styles of fixed electric heating loads, including baseboard heaters, unit heaters, heating cable sets (in-floor heating) and central electric heating, which is similar to central gas heat, in that there is one source that distributes heat, usually by blowing warmed air through ductwork.
Electric heating loads are very reliable methods of heating a building. By passing current through a resistive element, our electric heaters produce heat proportional to the square of the applied voltage.
[latex]\text{P}=\dfrac{\text{E}^2}{\text{R}}[/latex]
This means that if you connect your heating load at half its rated voltage, you will produce one quarter of the power, or consequently if you connected at twice the loads rated voltage you would develop four times the rated power. It is for this reason that fixed electric heating loads are connected at 240V, which is the line-to-line voltage inside most houses.
An electric heating load installed at baseboard height and locally controlled.
Electric heating load with built-in fan, usually installed at ceiling height.
Heating load installed in floors or under pavement.
A heating system that uses one central electric furnace.
A heating system that uses one central gas furnace.
Electric heating loads that are permanently installed and hard wired into a buildings electrical system.