Part 5
Module 22 Assemblies
Learning Outcomes
When you have completed this module, you will be able to:
- Describe an assembly and explain the difference between a top-down and a bottom-up assembly.
- Describe and apply the SLICE GRAPHICS command.
- Describe the PLACE COMPONENT and PLACE CONSTRAINT commands and apply them to assemble a series of parts to create an assembled model.
An Assembly File
An assembly file contains the information required to assemble two or more part files to create an assembled model. See Figure 22-1. As the model is assembled, assembly constraints must be assigned so that each part knows how it aligns or fits with the other parts in the assembled model. A part (.ipt) file that has been placed in the assembly can be edited while in the assembly file and the modifications will be saved back to the original part file. On the other hand, if the original part file is modified after the assembly file has being created, the modifications will automatically display in the assembly. An assembly file does not actually contain any of the part files that are placed in the file, it simply contains a reference to them.
A reference is a link back to the part files. The part files that have been placed in an assembly file must be available to Inventor to display them when an assembly file is opened. The current project file keeps track of those links and will automatically keep track of the location of all the part files. If an assembly file is sent to a client or an associate, the part files that were placed in the assembly file must also be included.
Creating an Assembly File
To create an assembly file, use the NEW command and select an assembly template rather than a part template. An assembly file has the extension .iam. IAM is an acronym for Inventor Assembly.
Bottom-up vs Top-down
Assembly files can be created using either the bottom-up or the top-down method. A bottom-up assembly is an assembly created from a series of part files that were previously created and saved in their own .ipt file. A top-down assembly is an assembly file where all parts of the assembly are created on the fly. In other word, they are created in the active assembly file, one at a time. They are aligned and constrained in their correct position in relationship to the other parts in the assembled model. Inventor will save each part in its own file with the extension .ipt. In the Inventor book, only the bottom-up method is taught.
The Browser Bar in an Assembly
When an assembly is the active file, the Browser bar will display all of the parts that have been placed in the assembly. If a part in the browser is expanded it will display its children which includes its alignment and constraints to the other parts of the assembled model. See Figure 22-2.
If the same part is placed more then once into the assembly file, the Browser bar will number them accordingly. For example, this may happen if an assembly required two identical bolts. Only one part file is created and named Bolt.ipt. It is then placed into the assembly file twice. The Browser bar would number the bolts parts as follows:
On the first occurrence: Bolt:1
On the second occurrence: Bolt:2
Inventor Command: SLICE GRAPHICS
The SLICE GRAPHICS command is used to slice away the model on the active sketching plane temporarily removing all of the material in front of the sketching plane. The sketching plane must be active before using this command.Shortcut: F7
WORK ALONG: Creating the Parts for an Assembly
Step 1
Check the default project and if necessary, set it to Inventor Course.
Step 2
Use the following instructions to complete all parts in this workalong. Create the following parts and ensure that you do the following:
A Each part must be saved in its own .ipt file.
B Project the Center Point onto the Base sketch plane and note the location of X0Y0Z0.
C Draw the necessary sketches and extrude or revolve them to produce the solid model shown. Apply all of the necessary geometrical and dimensional constraints to fully constrain each sketch.
D Apply the colour and material shown.
Step 3
Construct Part A. (Figure Step 3A, 3B, and 3C)
Part: Base
Part Name: Inventor Workalong 22-1A
Template: English-Modules Part (in).ipt
Color: Stainless – Brushed
Material: Stainless Steel
Step 4
Construct Part B. (Figure Step 4A and 4B)
Note: See Steps 3 to 14 if you require help creating this model.
Part: Post
Part Name: Inventor Workalong 22-1B
Template: English-Modules Part (in).ipt
Color: Chrome – Black Polished
Material: Steel
Step 5
Draw the Base model of part 22-1B by extruding circles. Your Base model should appear as shown in the figure. (Figure Step 5)
Step 6
Start a new sketch on the top of the model and draw a construction line from the centre to the edge of the top plane along the Y axis as shown in the figure. Hint: Ensure that you draw the line along the Y axis by snapping to the centre of the circle and to the grid on the Y axis. The length of the line is not important. (Figure Step 6)
Step 7
Insert a Work Plane in the centre of the model using the Perpendicular to a Line method. Enter the WORK PLANE command and move the cursor to the end of the construction line. The Work Plane icon will display as shown in the figure. Click the end of the line when the icon displays. (Figure Step 7)
Step 8
Move the cursor onto the Y axis and it will display as shown in the figure. When the Y axis is displayed, click it and the Work Plane will display as shown. (Figure Step 8A and 8B)
Step 9
Enlarge the Work Plane to extend it past the edges of the model. One way to do this is to use the LOOK AT/VIEW FACE command and change the view so that it is looking perpendicular to the plane as shown in the figure. (Figure Step 9)
Step 10
Start a new sketch on the Work Plane. (Figure 10)
Step 11
Enter the SLICE GRAPHIC command (F7) and the model will display from the sketching plane back. Disable the grid display. It is easier to draw this sketch without the grid. (Figure Step11)
Step 12
Using the PROJECT GEOMETRY command, project the Z axis and the X axis onto the sketching plane. (Figure Step 12A and 12B)
Step 13
Using the OFFSET command, construct offsets to both the Z and X axis to start the construction of the slot. Trim the lines in the sketch and insert the dimensions to fully constrain the sketch. Ensure that you dimension from both sides of the Z axis as shown in the figure. (Figure Step 13A and 13B)
The project file keeps track of those links and will automatically keep track of the location of all the files. If an assembly file (.iam) is sent to a client or an associate, the part files (.ipt) that were placed in the assembly file must also be included otherwise they will not display when the file is opened.
Step 14
Extrude the sketch. Set it to extrude in both directions and to cut. Set the distance to All. Complete the part by adding the hole, the threads, the fillets, the colour, and the material as specified in Figure 14A, 14B, and 14C.
Step 15
Create Part C. (Figure Step 15A, 15B, 15C, and 15D):
Part: Wedge Ring
Part Name: Inventor Workalong 22-1C
Template: English-Modules Part (in).ipt
Color: Titanium – Polished
Material: Titanium
Step 16
Construct Part D. (Figure Step 16A and 16B)
Part: Wedge
Part Name: Inventor Workalong 22-1D
Template: English-Modules Part (in).ipt
Color: Chrome – Polished
Material: Steel
Step 17
Change the face colour of the top face of the part to: Metal Steel (Knurled) as shown in Figure 16A.
Step 18
Construct Part F as follows: (Figure Step 18A and 18B)
Part: Handle
Part Name: Inventor Workalong 22-1E
Template: English-Modules Part (in).ipt
Color: Metal-AL-6061 – Machined
Material: Steel
Step 19
Construct Part E as follows: (Figure Step 19A, 19B, and 19C)
Part: Screw
Part Name: Inventor Workalong 22-1F
Template: English-Modules Part (in).ipt
Color: Metal-AL-6061 – Machined
Material: Steel
Step 20
Change the face colour of the cylindrical top of the part to: Metal Steel (Knurled) as shown in the solid model figure.
Inventor Command: PLACE COMPONENT
The PLACE COMPONENT command is used to insert a part or a component into an assembly file.
Shortcut: P
Inventor Command: PLACE CONSTRAINT
The PLACE CONSTRAINT command is used to apply constraints of one part to another in the assembled model.
Shortcut: C
Grounded Parts
By default, the first part that is placed into an assembly file will be grounded. A grounded part is a part that has all of it degrees of freedom removed and is fully constrained in that file. It is important to ground at least one part of every assembly. If no parts are grounded, the assembly can be moved around in model space. Once one part is grounded, the other parts can be constrained to it making their movement relative to the grounded part. If required, more then one part can be grounded.
In the Browser bar, a grounded part will display a Push Pin icon as shown in Figure 22-3 and 22-4. To enable or disable a part being grounded, right-click the part in the Browser bar. In the Right-click menu, select Grounded. In Figure 22-5, the selected part is currently grounded, enabled and visible.
Part Visibility
The visibility of parts in an assembly can be enabled or disabled. When the part’s visibility is disabled in the assembly, the part’s icon in the Browser bar will display greyed out.
Enabled Parts
Parts can be enabled or disabled in the assembly file. If a part is enabled, it displays and can be selected in the assembly. If it is disabled, only an outline displays and It cannot be selected. Sometimes it is easier to disable some parts to make it easier to place additional parts.
Assembly Constrains
There are many different constraints used when creating an assembly. In this module, only the mate constraint will be taught. A mate constraint constrains two assembled parts to one another by mating their centerlines and/or by mating a face on one part to a face on the other part. Mating is the most common way to assemble two parts together. It often takes more then one constraint to assemble two parts together. Both parts must have a symmetrical feature to mate them using the centerline method.
WORKALONG: Creating an Assembly
Step 1
Check the default project and if necessary, set it to Inventor Course.
Step 2
Using the NEW command, enable the English tab and select the temple file: Modules Assembly (in).iam. Save and name the assembly: Inventor workalong 22-1. (Figure Step 2)
Step 3
Enter the PLACE COMPONENT command. In the Place Component dialogue box insert part files: Inventor Workalong 22-1A.ipt and Inventor Workalong 22-1B.ipt into the assembly file. (Figure Step 3A and 3B)
Step 4
Disable the grounding of part 22-1A and enable the grounding of part 22-1B. (Figure Step 4A, 4B, and 4C)
Step 5
Enter the PLACE CONSTRAINT command. In the Place Constraint dialogue box set Type to Mate, Selections to 1, Offset to 0.000 and Solution to Mate. (Figure Step 5)
Step 6
Move the cursor onto the part 22-1A and move it until the Centerline constraint symbol appears. When it displays as shown in the figure, select it. Move the cursor onto the part 22-1B and do the same. Part 22-1A will move onto Part 22-1B. Click Apply. (Figure Step 6A, 6B, and 6C)
Step 7
Move the cursor onto the top of the base on part 22-1B as shown in the figure. The mate arrow will display pointing up. Press F4 and rotate the model. Select the mate constraint for the bottom of the part 22-1A. (Figure Step 7A, 7B, and 7C)
Step 8
Press F6 to change the Home view. (Figure Step 8)
Step 9
Enter the PLACE COMPONENT (P) command and insert part 22-1C, 22-1D, 22-1E, and 22-1F. Ensure that you place each part only once. (Figure Step 9)
Step 10
Using what you just learned, assemble and constrain part 22-1C. (Figure Step 10)
Step 11
Using the PLACE CONSTRAINT command, constrain the arc in part 22-1D to the arc in part 22-1C. (Figure Step 11)
Step 12
In the Offset box, set the offset to 0.015. Enable the Pick Part First box. See the Author’s Comments below. (Figure Step 12)
Step 13
To constrain the wedge in the slot, select one side of the slot and one side of the wedge as the mate surfaces. (Figure Step 13A, 13B, and 13C)
Step 14
Using what you just learned, constrain the last two parts to complete the assembly. (Figure Step 14)
Step 15
Save and close the file.
Key Principles
Key Principles in Module 22
- An assembly file contains the information required to assemble two or more part files to create the assembled model. An assembly file has the file extension .iam.
- An assembly file does do not contain any of the part files that are placed in the assembled model. It simply contains a reference to the part files. If an assembly file (.iam) is sent to a client or an associate, the part files (.ipt) that were placed in the assembly file must also be included otherwise they will not display when the assembly file is opened.
- By default, the first part that is placed into an assembly file will be grounded. A grounded part is a part that has all of it degrees of freedom removed and is fully constrained in that file.
- There are many different constraints used when creating an assembly. A mate constraint constrains two assembled parts to one another by mating their centerlines and/or by mating a plane on one part to a plane on the other part.
Lab Exercise 22-1
Time allowed: 180 minutes.
| Part Name | Project | Units | Template | Color | Material |
| Inventor Lab 22-1 | Inventor Course | Millimeters | See Below | See Below | See Below |
Step 1
Create the following parts.
Step 2
Each part must have its own file. In each part, ensure that you do the following:
A Select your own location of X0Y0Z0.
B Draw the necessary sketches and extrude or revolve them to produce the solid model shown. Apply all of the necessary geometrical and dimensional constraints to fully constrain all sketches. (Figure Step 2A and 2B)
C Apply the colour and material shown.
Part: Tire
Part Name: Inventor Lab 22-1A
Template: Metric-Modules Part (mm).ipt
Color: Rubber – Green – Version 1.1
Material: Rubber
Part: Frame
Part Name: Inventor Lab 22-1B
Template: Metric-Modules Part (mm).ipt
Color: Aluminum – Polished
Material: Steel (Figure Step 2C and 2D)
Part: Bushing
Part Name: Inventor Lab 22-1C
Template: Metric-Modules Part (mm).ipt
Color: Brass – Satin
Material: Brass (Figure Step 2E and 2F)
Part: Pin
Part Name: Inventor Lab 22-1D
Template: Metric-Modules Part (mm).ipt
Color: Semi – Polished
Material: Steel (Figure Step 2G, 2H and 2J)
Part: 10 mm Nut
Part Name: Inventor Lab 22-1E
Template: Metric-Modules Part (mm).ipt
Color: Semi – Polished
Material: Steel (Figure Step 2K and 2L)
Part: Bolt
Part Name: Inventor Lab 22-1F
Template: Metric-Modules Part (mm).ipt
Color: Semi – Polished
Material: Steel (Figure Step 2M and 2N)
Part: 12 mm Nut
Part Name: Inventor Lab 22-1G
Template: Metric-Modules Part (mm).ipt
Color: Semi-Polished
Material: Steel (Figure Step 2P and 2Q)
Part: Washer
Part Name: Inventor Lab 22-1H
Template: Metric-Modules Part (mm).ipt
Color: Semi-Polished
Material: Steel (Figure Step 2R and 2S)
Step 3
Open a new assembly file.
Assembly: Caster
File Name: Inventor Lab 22-1.iam
Template: Metric – Modules Assembly (mm).iam
Step 4
Set the Tire as the grounded part.
Step 5
Start with assembling the Bushing into the Tire first. (Figure Step 5)
Step 6
Assemble the remaining parts to complete the assemble file. (Figure Step 6A and 6B)